作物学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (02): 308-317.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2015.00308
吴林坤1,2,黄伟民1,2,**,王娟英1,2,**,吴红淼1,2,陈军1,2,秦贤金1,2,张重义2,林文雄1,2,*
WU Lin-Kun1,2,HUANG Wei-Min1,2,**,WANG Juan-Ying1,2,**,WU Hong-Miao1,2,CHEN Jun1,2,QIN Xian-Jin1,2,ZHANG Zhong-Yi2,LIN Wen-Xiong1,2,*
摘要:
以野生地黄为试验材料,设置野生地黄头茬土壤、重茬土壤、原茬土壤等处理,未种植任何作物为对照,于块根膨大中期采集土样,通过磷脂脂肪酸法(PLFA)和末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术,分析不同连作年限野生地黄的根际微生物生物量和群落结构变化。PLFA分析结果表明,不同处理情况下地黄根际土壤微生物群落结构存在明显差异,与头茬地黄根际土壤相比,重茬地黄土壤微生物总量显著下降,并且细菌/真菌比例下降。T-RFLP分析结果表明不同连作年限地黄根际土壤细菌群落结构存在一定差异,野生状态地黄土壤和头茬土壤菌群较为相似,变形菌门和厚壁菌门占据优势地位。野生状态地黄和头茬地黄根际富含Bacillus、Pseudomonas等有益生防菌,而重茬地黄根际土壤滋生大量病原菌如Clostridium sp.、Flexibacter polymorphus、Clostridium ghoni,有益菌群和纤维素降解菌群减少,qRT-PCR定量分析也显示野生状态地黄和头茬地黄土壤中假单胞菌数量都显著高于重茬地黄土壤。总之,野生地黄存在连作障碍问题,导致野生地黄根际有益菌数量减少而病原菌大量滋生,从而降低了野生地黄抵御病害的能力,使重茬野生地黄生长发育差,产量大幅降低。
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