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作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (09): 1381-1390.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01381

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

杂交水稻中后期洪涝淹没与产量损失的关系

徐富贤1,2,** ,张林1,2,**, 熊洪1,2,周兴兵1,朱永川1, 刘茂1,蒋鹏1,郭晓艺1   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 / 农业部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 四川德阳 618000; 2 国家水稻改良中心四川泸州分中心, 四川泸州 646100
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-20 修回日期:2016-06-20 出版日期:2016-09-12 网络出版日期:2016-06-29
  • 通讯作者: 徐富贤, E-mail: xu6501@163.com, Tel: 18090167012
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01), 国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20120302), 国家粮食丰产科技工程(2011BAD16BO5-1)和四川省财政基因工程项目资助。

Relationship between Yield Loss and Flooding during Middle and Later Growth Periods in Hybrid Rice

XU Fu-Xian1,2,**, ZHANG Lin1,2,**, XIONG Hong1,2, ZHOU Xing-Bing1, ZHU Yong-Chuan1, LIU Mao1,JIANG Peng1, GUO Xiao-Yi1   

  1. 1 Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture, Deyang 618000, China; 2 Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Luzhou 646100, China
  • Received:2015-11-20 Revised:2016-06-20 Published:2016-09-12 Published online:2016-06-29
  • Contact: 徐富贤, E-mail: xu6501@163.com, Tel: 18090167012
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-01), the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (20120302), National Grain Bumper Science and Technology Project (2011BAD16BO5-1), and the Sichuan Fanacial Genetic Engineering Project.

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摘要：

以4个杂交中稻品种为材料, 采用桶栽方法在模拟洪水和实地洪涝条件下, 研究了在水稻不同生育时期模拟洪水淹没的深度、时间对产量损失度的影响。结果表明, 淹没对产量损失度的影响为抽穗期>孕穗期>乳熟期, 淹顶>淹没植株2/3。洪水淹没下结实率和千粒重与淹没时间呈极显著负相关。在淹没植株2/3处理中, 孕穗期、抽穗期、乳熟期淹没100 h, 产量分别损失50%、60%、12%左右; 而淹顶处理100 h的产量损失度, 在孕穗期、抽穗期达100%, 在乳熟期不到25%。预测洪涝产量损失度分别达40%、60%和80%时相应的淹没时间, 建立了根据不同淹没时期和淹没深度的产量损失度与淹没时间关系模型, 决定系数为0.6038~0.9868。孕穗期、抽穗期和乳熟期分别在洪涝淹没56.3 h情况下, 产量损失度实测值与预测值误差为3.63~6.81个百分点, 可作为洪灾发生后评估水稻产量损失度的参考依据。

关键词: 杂交水稻, 洪涝, 淹没强度, 产量损失度

Abstract:

Rice plants are damaged by flood water from consecutive heavy rainfalls. However, limited information is available on evaluating yield loss of rice grown under different flooding conditions. Pot experiment and field experiment were conducted to understand the yield loss of hybrid rice under different submergence depths, hours and stages in Luxian County, Sichuan Province, China, in 2012 to 2014. The results showed that yield loss was significantly influenced by flood submergence at the heading stage, followed by the booting stage and the milk-ripening stage. The yield loss was greater in the treatment of complete submergence (CS) than in that of two thirds plant height submergence (2/3PHS). Seed setting rate and grain weight of hybrid rice were significantly and negatively correlated with the submergence hours. For 2/3PHS treatment, when hybrid rice was flooded more than 100 hours at booting stage, heading stage, and milk stage, yield loss degree of hybrid rice were 50%, 60%, and 12%, respectively. For CS treatment, when hybrid rice was flooded more than 100 hours at booting stage, heading stage, and milk stage, yield loss degree of hybrid rice was 100% at booting stage and heading stage, while less than 25% at milk stage. The submergence hours correspending to yield loss degree of 40%, 60%, and 80% were calculated by a simulation equation. We established a model for studying the relationship between the degree of yield loss and submergence hours at different growth stages of hybrid rice with different submergence degrees, and the determination coefficient ranged from 0.6038 to 0.9868. When hybrid rice was submerged for 56.3 hours at booting, heading and milk-ripening stages, respectively, the error difference of yield loss degree was 3.63%?6.81% between the measured and predicted values. Our result indicated that yield loss can be accuracy estimated by this model in rice production under flooding damage.

Key words: Hybrid rice, Flood, Submergence intensity, Yield loss degree

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