关键词: 水稻, 免耕, 抛秧, 秸秆还田, 产量

Abstract:

In comparison with conventional tillage and transplanting (CTT) and conventional tillage and broadcasting seedlings (CTB), the trend of tillering, growth of roots, characteristics of grain filling and yield for broadcasting seedlings in the field with high standing-stubbles under no-tillage condition (BSNT) were analyzed. Meanwhile, the effects of seedling raising methods and seedling age on the yield and yield components were studied. The results showed that, for BSNT, the speed of tillering was slow, the effective panicles were less than those for CTT and CTB, 10 d after heading, the root growth ability was higher than that for CTT and CTB in BSNT. At 30 d after heading, intensity of root bleaching sap was significantly stronger in BSNT than in CTT and CTB, at late stage, the senescence of BSNT plant was deferred. According to the Richards equation, little difference of superior grains at filling stage was found among three tillage and cultivation methods, but for BSNT, the grain-filling time (t₉₉) of inferior grains was prolonged, the weight of inferior grains was raised, spikelets of per ear, seed-setting rate, and 1 000-grains weight were increased. There was little difference of yield among three tillage and cultivation methods. Under the condition of no-tillage and returning straw to soil with high standing-stubbles, the broadcasted seedlings with soil around roots and raising on dry land beds had more roots and higher root vigor, hastened the growth of tillers, it’s yield was significantly higher than that raising on plastic trays. Among three treatments of broadseedling age, the yield in the treatment of 40 d was the highest.

Key words: Rice (Oryza sativa L.), No-tillage, Broadcasting, Returning straw to soil, Yield