作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (03): 478-485.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00478
崔海岩,靳立斌,李波,赵斌,董树亭,刘鹏,张吉旺*
UI Hai-Yan,JIN Li-Bin,LI Bo,ZHAO Bin,DONG Shu-Ting,LIU Peng,ZHANG Ji-Wang*
摘要:
以郑单958和振杰2号为试验材料,大田条件下设置花粒期遮阴(S1)、穗期遮阴(S2)、全生育期遮阴(S3) 3个处理,遮光度为60%,以自然光照为对照,研究遮阴对夏玉米光合特性和叶黄素循环的影响。结果表明,遮阴后夏玉米产量显著降低,且遮阴时期对产量的影响表现为S3>S1>S2,郑单958和振杰2号的S3分别减产96.87%和90.78%。遮阴后叶片的光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、叶绿体色素含量显著降低,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)较同期对照先降低后升高,即叶片光合作用的降低受到气孔与非气孔因素双重影响,2个供试品种变化一致。遮阴期间光合电子传递量子效率(ФPSII)降低,原初光能转换效率(Fv/Fm)和非光化学猝灭(NPQ)显著升高,叶黄素循环库(A+Z+V)和脱环化状态(A+Z)/(A+Z+V)升高,即在长期遮阴条件下叶片捕获的光能分配发生了变化,光合电子传递的能量占吸收光能的比例降低,叶黄素循环的启动辅助过剩光能的热耗散。遮阴结束初期(A+Z)/(A+Z+V)和NPQ迅速升高,说明光恢复初期叶片对弱光适应后的自然光照比较敏感,叶黄素循环增强抑制强光对光合机构的破坏。
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