作物学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 1698-1706.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01698
辛承松,董合忠,罗振,唐薇,张冬梅,李维江,孔祥强
XIN Cheng-Song,DONG He-Zhong,LUO Zhen,TANG Wei,ZHANG Dong-Mei,LI Wei-Jiang,KONG Xiang-Qiang
摘要: 为探讨盐渍土抗虫棉施用NPK肥的效应及其营养生理机制,指导滨海盐渍土抗虫棉合理施肥,在黄河三角洲盐渍土低、中、高盐棉田种植转Bt基因抗虫棉鲁棉研28,研究N、P、K肥配合施用对其养分吸收利用、Na+吸收积累、光合速率、干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明,N、P肥配合,尤其是N、P、K肥配合施用显著增加了低、中、高盐田棉花的N、P、K养分吸收量,减少了Na+吸收积累量。低、中、高盐田棉花的N、P、K养分农学利用效率均以NPK配施的处理较高,氮养分农学利用效率分别为0.20、1.95和2.07 kg皮棉 kg–1 N,磷养分农学利用效率分别为0.87、8.35和8.71 kg皮棉 kg–1 P,钾养分农学利用效率分别为0.26、2.89和3.77 kg皮棉 kg–1 K。N、P、K肥配合施用还维持了较高的棉株叶面积、叶绿素含量和净光合速率。低、中、高盐田棉花的生物产量和皮棉产量也均以NPK配施的处理较高,皮棉产量分别增产2.53%、28.67%和30.47%。中、高盐棉田的施肥效应明显好于低盐棉田。表明根据盐碱程度分类合理施肥是减轻盐渍土营养障碍、改善棉花营养、提高养分农学利用效率和棉花产量的有效途径。
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