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作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (02): 280-291.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00280

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同栽培模式对杂交粳稻群体质量的影响

薛亚光1,葛立立1,王康君1,颜晓元2,尹斌2,刘立军1,杨建昌1,*   

  1. 1 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，江苏扬州225009; 2 中国科学院南京土壤研究所，江苏南京210008
  • 收稿日期:2012-05-21 修回日期:2012-10-05 出版日期:2013-02-12 网络出版日期:2012-12-11
  • 通讯作者: 杨建昌, E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979317
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2009CB118603), 国家自然科学基金重大国际合作交流项目(31061140457), 江苏省基础研究计划项目(BK2009005), 中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项基金项目(农业) (201103003, 201203079), 国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B14)和江苏高校优势学科建设工程专项经费资助。

Effects of Different Cultivation Patterns on Population Quality of Japonica Hybrid Rice

XUE Ya-Guang1,GE Li-Li1,WANG Kang-Jun1,YAN Xiao-Yuan2,YIN Bin2,LIU Li-Jun1,YANG Jian-Chang1,*   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; 2 Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
  • Received:2012-05-21 Revised:2012-10-05 Published:2013-02-12 Published online:2012-12-11
  • Contact: 杨建昌, E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979317

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被引次数

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摘要：

以杂交粳稻常优3号和常优5号为材料，设置未施氮处理(0N)、当地高产栽培(对照)、高产高效栽培、超高产栽培、超高产高效栽培和氮肥高效利用栽培等6种不同栽培模式，并观察上述栽培模式对水稻产量和群体质量的影响。结果表明，两品种超高产栽培和超高产高效栽培的产量平均分别达12.0 t hm-2和10.9 t hm-2，较当地常规高产栽培分别高出41.6%和29.1%。与当地常规高产栽培相比，超高产栽培和超高产高效栽培等处理的茎蘖成穗率明显提高，抽穗至成熟期的干物质积累增加，有效叶面积和高效叶面积比率增加。上述两处理还提高了水稻粒叶比，改善了源库关系，并提高了剑叶的光合速率和叶绿素含量以及抽穗后的根冠比和根系伤流量。这些结果表明，通过栽培技术的集成与优化，可以改善水稻群体质量，获得更高产量。

关键词: 水稻, 栽培模式, 产量, 群体质量

Abstract:

A high quality of population is necessary to achieve high grain yield in rice, but little information is available on understanding how cultivation patterns affect population quality. In this study, two japonica hybrid rice cultivars Changyou 3 and Changyou 5 were grown in the field, with six cultivation patterns including no nitrogen application (0N), local high yielding cultivation (control), cultivation for high yielding and high efficiency(CHYHE), super high yielding cultivation (SHY), cultivation for super high yielding and high efficiency (SHYHE) and cultivation for high use efficiency of N（HUEN）. The results showed that, the average yields of two cultivars under SHY and SHYHE were 12.0 t ha-1 and 10.9 t ha-1, respectively, and 41.6% and 29.1% higher than these of control. Compared with the control, the SHY and SHYHE also significantly increased percentage of productive tillers, biomass from heading to mature, efficient and high efficient leaf area, grain-leaf ratio, leaf photosynthetic rate and SPAD values after anthesis , root-shoot ratio, and root bleeding after heading. The results indicated that the population quality of rice could be improved and higher yield could be achieved through integrating and optimizing cultivation techniques in rice production.

Key words: Rice, Cultivation pattern, Grain yield, Population quality

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