菜用大豆籽粒不同部位蔗糖积累及关键酶活性研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.02099

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

田间种植可溶性糖含量不同的3个菜用大豆品种，在R5.5、R6、R6.2、R6.5和R7期取样，分析籽粒种皮、子叶和胚轴中蔗糖含量及4种关键酶活性动态，结果表明，籽粒不同部位蔗糖积累呈先增加后下降的趋势，R6.2期是高峰期，此时期品种台292、中科毛豆1号和品系121的胚轴蔗糖含量比子叶分别高57.6%、53.6%和44.2%；比种皮分别高71.6%、75.3%和73.6%。由于子叶干重占整粒重90%以上，因此整个籽粒的蔗糖含量主要由子叶决定。子叶的蔗糖磷酸合酶(SPS)活性高于胚轴和种皮，在R6.2期表现更加明显，且蔗糖含量高的品系121子叶中SPS活性高于另外2个品种；蔗糖合酶(SS)在籽粒形成期活性变化呈前期高于后期的趋势，最高值出现在灌浆前期R5.5期胚轴中；两种转化酶活性变化差异较大，中性转化酶(NI)活性一直呈不断下降趋势；籽粒不同部位NI活性无明显差异，而酸性转化酶(AI)活性差异较大；胚轴和子叶中AI活性明显低于种皮，且种皮中AI活性与种皮中蔗糖积累显著负相关(r=–0.59)。蔗糖积累与4种关键酶活性的相关分析发现，籽粒中蔗糖的含量并非受某一种酶绝对调控，SPS活性与SS+AI+NI活性总和之差与籽粒中蔗糖的积累显著正相关(r=0.53^**)。

关键词: 蔗糖磷酸合成酶, 光合产物, 菜用大豆, 可溶性糖

Abstract:

Three vegetable soybean varieties with different soluble sugar contents were grown in field condition. Sucrose contents and four critical enzymes activities in different parts of seed were analyzed at R5.5, R6, R6.2, R6.5, and R7 stages, respectively. Sucrose contents of different seed parts increased at early seed filling stage and then decreased at late stage with the peak value at R6.2 stage. Sucrose content in hypocotyl was 57.6%, 53.6%, 44.2% greater than that of cotyledon, and 71.6%, 75.3%, 73.6% greater than that of seed coat at R6.2 stage for the three varieties, respectively. The cotyledon contributed 90% dry weight to the total seed dry weight, and thus the sucrose content of the whole seed was primarily determined by sucrose content in cotyledon. Cotyledon had the highest activity of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS). The cotyledon SPS activity of cv. 121 was much higher than that of the other two varieties. The sucrose synthase (SS) activity of different seed parts was higher in early seed filling stage than in late filling stage. The highest value of SS activity was observed in hypocotyl at R5.5 stage. Greater differences were found between acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) activities. NI activity was higher in early seed filling stage and then decreased till R7 stage. Significant differences were observed for AI activities among three seed parts at the same seed filling stage but there were no differences for NI activities. AI activity in seed coat was much higher than that in hypocotyl and cotyledon. Negative relationship was found between AI activity and sucrose content in seed coat (r= –0.59^**). The correlation analysis between sucrose accumulation and four critical enzymes activities showed that seed sucrose content was not controlled dominantly by one enzyme. The difference between sucrose synthesis enzyme activity (SPS) and sucrose decomposition enzyme activity (SS+AI+NI) was positively correlated with seed sucrose accumulation (r=0.53^**).

Key words: Sucrose phosphate synthase, Photosynthate, Vegetable soybean, Soluble sugar

李彦生,南海洋,杜明,连腾祥,张秋英,刘晓冰. 菜用大豆籽粒不同部位蔗糖积累及关键酶活性研究[J]. 作物学报, 2013, 39(11): 2099-2105.

LI Yan-Sheng,NAN Hai-Yang,DU Ming,LIAN Teng-Xiang,ZHANG Qiu-Ying,LIU Xiao-Bing. Sucrose Accumulation and Key Enzyme Activities in Different Parts of Seed in Vegetable Soybean[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2013, 39(11): 2099-2105.

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