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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 1834-1840.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04187

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

过氧化氢浸种对花生种子发芽及生理代谢的影响

郝西(), 崔亚男, 张俊, 刘娟, 臧秀旺, 高伟, 刘兵, 董文召, 汤丰收*()   

  1. 河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所 / 农业农村部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室 / 河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室, 河南郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-12 接受日期:2021-01-21 出版日期:2021-09-12 网络出版日期:2021-02-19
  • 通讯作者: 汤丰收
  • 作者简介:E-mail: hx1997@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“大田经济作物优质丰产的生理基础与调控”(2018YFD1000900);河南省现代农业产业技术体系项目(S2012-5)

Effects of hydrogen peroxide soaking on germination and physiological metabolism of seeds in peanut

HAO Xi(), CUI Ya-Nan, ZHANG Jun, LIU Juan, ZANG Xiu-Wang, GAO Wei, LIU Bing, DONG Wen-Zhao, TANG Feng-Shou*()   

  1. Industrial Crops Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huanghuaihai Plains, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2020-08-12 Accepted:2021-01-21 Published:2021-09-12 Published online:2021-02-19
  • Contact: TANG Feng-Shou
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China “Physiological Basis and Agronomic Management for High-quality and High-yield of Field Cash Crops”(2018YFD1000900);Henan Agricultural Research System(S2012-5)

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摘要：

为明确过氧化氢浸种对低温条件下花生发芽及种子生理代谢的影响, 以花生品种开农176为材料, 测定了过氧化氢浸种后的种子发芽及相关生理指标。结果表明, 过氧化氢浸种显著提高了花生的发芽能力, 发芽势从0提高到24.45%, 发芽率从39.33%提高到90.99%。过氧化氢提高了花生种子赤霉素含量, 同时降低了脱落酸含量, 发芽0、24、48 h的赤霉素含量分别比对照提高10.82%、5.73%、18.64%, 脱落酸含量分别比对照降低44.98%、36.45%、39.70%。同时, 提高了抗氧化酶SOD、CAT的活性以及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白的含量, 降低了丙二醛的含量; 促进了大分子贮藏物质脂肪、蛋白质、淀粉的分解代谢, 为种子发芽提供更多的ATP和蛋白质、核酸的合成底物。研究表明, H2O2通过介导抗氧化酶、ABA和GA以及贮藏物质的分解来促进低温胁迫下花生种子的萌发。

关键词: 花生, 浸种, 过氧化氢, 发芽, 生理代谢

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of hydrogen peroxide soaking on peanut germination and seed physiological metabolism, the seed germination and related physiological indexes after seed soaking were determined using peanut variety Kainong 176 as experimental material. The results showed that the germination vigor of peanut was increased from 0 to 24.45%, and the germination percentage was increased from 39.33% to 90.99% by hydrogen peroxide soaking. Hydrogen peroxide treatment increased the content of gibberellin in peanut seeds and decreased the content of abscisic acid at germination stage. The contents of gibberellin in germinating seeds at 0, 24, and 48 hour(s) were 10.82%, 5.73%, and 18.64% higher than those of control, and the contents of abscisic acid were 44.98%, 36.45%, and 39.70% lower than that of control, respectively. At the same time, hydrogen peroxide treatment enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzyme SOD and CAT, increased the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein, decreased the content of MDA, promoted the catabolism of macromolecular storage substances such as fat, protein, and starch, and provided more ATP and substrates for protein and nucleic acid synthesis. Studies revealed that hydrogen peroxide could promote peanut seed germination under low-temperature stress by mediating antioxidant enzymes, ABA and GA, and storage matter decomposition.

Key words: peanut, soaking, hydrogen peroxide, germination, physiological metabolism

表1

H2O2浸种处理对花生发芽的影响 "

处理
Treatment 		萌发率
Germination rate (%) 		发芽势
Germination vigor (%) 		发芽率
Germination percentage (%) 		发芽指数
Germination index
对照CK 72.79±2.21 B 0±0 A 39.33±1.83 A 0±0 A
H2O2浸种H2O2 soaking 97.06±2.94 A 24.45±6.80 B 90.99±2.76 B 2.14±0.49 B

图1

H2O2处理对花生种子发芽过程中赤霉素和脱落酸含量的影响 CK0′、0 h、24 h、48 h分别代表干种子、浸种结束种子(发芽0 h)、发芽24 h种子、发芽48 h种子。误差线表示3次重复的标准差。柱上标以不同小写字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。"

图2

H2O2处理对花生种子发芽过程中SOD和POD活性的影响 CK0′、0 h、24 h、48 h分别代表干种子、浸种结束种子(发芽0 h)、发芽24 h种子、发芽48 h种子。误差线表示3次重复的标准差。柱上标以不同小写字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。"

图3

H2O2处理对花生种子发芽过程中CAT活性的影响 CK0′、0 h、24 h、48 h分别代表干种子、浸种结束种子(发芽0 h)、发芽24 h种子、发芽48 h种子。误差线表示3次重复的标准差。柱上标以不同小写字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。"

图4

H2O2处理对花生种子发芽过程中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的影响 CK0′、0 h、24 h、48 h分别代表干种子、浸种结束种子(发芽0 h)、发芽24 h种子、发芽48 h种子。误差线表示3次重复的标准差。柱上标以不同小写字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。"

图5

H2O2处理对花生种子发芽过程中丙二醛含量的影响 CK0′、0 h、24 h、48 h分别代表干种子、浸种结束种子(发芽0 h)、发芽24 h种子、发芽48 h种子。误差线表示3次重复的标准差。柱上标以不同小写字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。"

图6

H2O2处理对花生种子发芽过程中游离脂肪酸、总氨基酸、ATP含量及α-淀粉酶活性的影响 CK0′、0 h、24 h、48 h分别代表干种子、浸种结束种子(发芽0 h)、发芽24 h种子、发芽48 h种子。误差线表示3次重复的标准差。柱上标以不同小写字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。"

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