作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 2091-2098.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.01083
张福彦1(), 程仲杰1, 陈晓杰1, 王嘉欢1, 陈锋2, 范家霖1, 张建伟1,*(), 杨保安1,*()
ZHANG Fu-Yan1(), CHENG Zhong-Jie1, CHEN Xiao-Jie1, WANG Jia-Huan1, CHEN Feng2, FAN Jia-Lin1, ZHANG Jian-Wei1,*(), YANG Bao-An1,*()
摘要:
采用特异性引物PCR扩增方法对183份黄淮海麦区的小麦品种(系)的粒重基因TaCwi-A1、TaGw8-B1和TaGS-D1的等位变异进行分子鉴定, 并结合2016—2017和2017—2018年度的千粒重表型数据, 分析不同等位变异类型对小麦粒重的影响, 从而找出优势基因型组合。结果表明, 不同年份间参试品种(系)的千粒重差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01); TaCwi-A1位点上发现TaCwi-A1a和TaCwi-A1b两种等位变异, 其分布频率分别为66.7%和33.3%; TaGw8-B1位点上TaGw8-B1a等位变异分布频率较高, 为94.5%, 而TaGw8-B1b等位变异分布频率极低, 仅为5.5%; TaGS-D1位点上发现TaGS-D1a和TaGS-D1b两种等位变异, 其分布频率分别为79.8%和20.2%。不同等位变异组合的品种千粒重存在显著差异(P<0.05), 其中具有3个高千粒重等位变异组合TaCwi-A1a/TaGS-D1a/TaGw8-B1a品种的平均千粒重最高, 与具有TaCwi-A1b/TaGS-D1a/TaGw8-B1a品种的平均千粒重差异不显著, 但是显著高于其他组合(P<0.05)。TaCwi-A1a/TaGS-D1a/TaGw8-B1b基因型组合小麦品种(系)的平均千粒重最低。TaCwi-A1、TaGw8-B1和TaGS-D1位点上的不同等位变异均会导致小麦千粒重的显著变化, 其中TaGw8-B1和TaGS-D1位点上的等位变异对小麦粒重的影响更为重要。在参试材料中没有发现具有3个低千粒重等位变异组合TaCwi-A1b/TaGS-D1b/TaGw8-B1b的品种, 在7种不同等位变异组合中, 具有3个高千粒重等位变异组合TaCwi-A1a/TaGS-D1a/TaGw8-B1a品种的平均千粒重最高, 是优势基因型组合。
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