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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 2691-2705.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.23019
所属专题： 玉米：遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学
秦文萱1(
), 鲍建喜1(), 王彦博1, 马雅杰1, 龙艳1, 李金萍2, 董振营1,2,*(), 万向元1,2,*()
QIN Wen-Xuan1(), BAO Jian-Xi1(), WANG Yan-Bo1, MA Ya-Jie1, LONG Yan1, LI Jin-Ping2, DONG Zhen-Ying1,2,*(), WAN Xiang-Yuan1,2,*()
摘要：
玉米叶夹角是冠层结构的重要组成之一, 可直接影响光和CO2在冠层的分布及群体的光能利用效率, 从而影响玉米产量。为解析玉米叶夹角的遗传基础, 挖掘与玉米叶夹角性状相关的SNP位点和候选基因, 本研究利用854份玉米自交系作为关联群体, 在5个环境下对玉米穗位上1叶(ULA1)、上2叶(ULA2)和上3叶(ULA3)的叶夹角性状进行测定和统计分析, 并分别利用均匀分布于玉米基因组10条染色体的2795个单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)标记进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study, GWAS)。基于FarmCPU算法, 共检测到81个与叶夹角性状显著关联的SNP, 其中与ULA1性状显著关联的SNP为26个, 解释的表型变异率在0.03%~ 9.68%; 与ULA2性状显著关联的SNP为27个, 解释的表型变异率在0.06%~9.30%; 与ULA3性状显著关联的SNP为28个, 解释的表型变异率在0.01%~8.23%。进一步鉴定出17个可被重复检测到的高可信显著关联SNP, 其中3个SNP关联区间为本研究首次报道, 14个SNP标记位于前人已定位QTL置信区间或/和已知叶夹角显著SNP标记1 Mb之内, 9个SNP标记可与不同节位叶夹角性状同时显著关联。鉴定出7个PVE > 5%的主效SNP, 通过等位变异效应分析进一步挖掘出9份聚合7个主效位点优异等位变异、叶夹角性状显著降低的优异种质资源。在17个高可信显著SNP候选区间共鉴定出131个候选基因, 其中1号染色体PZE-101039301 标记下游70 kb存在调控叶夹角的已知基因DRL1, 其他候选基因均尚未验证其调控玉米叶夹角的功能。本研究采用GWAS策略所挖掘玉米叶夹角遗传位点和候选基因有助于揭示叶夹角的遗传机制, 并为今后克隆玉米叶夹角调控基因提供理论指导, 所鉴定优异等位变异和种质资源有助于利用分子标记辅助选择改良叶夹角性状和提高玉米产量。
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