作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (3): 833-844.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24027
刘姗姗(), 庞婷, 袁晓婷, 罗凯, 陈平, 付智丹, 王小春, 杨峰, 雍太文(), 杨文钰
LIU Shan-Shan(), PANG Ting, YUAN Xiao-Ting, LUO Kai, CHEN Ping, FU Zhi-Dan, WANG Xiao-Chun, YANG Feng, YONG Tai-Wen(), YANG Wen-Yu
摘要:
为充分挖掘套作大豆的固氮潜力, 本试验以玉米/大豆带状套作系统为对象, 研究了不同玉豆间距(30 cm、45 cm、60 cm和75 cm)下不同结瘤特性大豆品种(贡选1号、桂夏3号和南豆25号)的根瘤生长及固氮潜力差异。结果表明, 与单作相比, 带状套作可延缓大豆根瘤数目和鲜重峰值出现的时间: 玉豆间距60 cm处理下, 各品种大豆根瘤数目和鲜重显著高于其他间距处理, 并在达到峰值期后高于单作大豆;品种间表现为: 南豆25号>桂夏3号>贡选1号。带状套作相对于单作会降低始粒期(R5)前大豆根瘤的单株固氮潜力, 但玉豆间距60 cm处理下, R5期贡选1号、桂夏3号和南豆25号的单株固氮潜力2年平均较单作提高8.53%、16.40%和13.70%。不同大豆品种根瘤侵染细胞内含物积累过程差异较大, 相较单作, 玉豆间距60 cm处理下, R5期类菌体数量增多, 其中聚-β-羟基丁酸盐颗粒(PHB)增加, 以南豆25号表现最优。因此, 带状套作下适宜的种间距(玉豆间距60 cm)可增加R5期大豆根瘤数目和鲜重, 提高大豆根瘤类菌体和PHB的数量, 增强大豆根瘤的固氮潜力, 以强结瘤品种南豆25号效果最好。
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