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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 490-498.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.000490

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Ultrastructure of Megagametophyte during the Development Period in Suger Beet(Beta vulgaris L.)

LI Wei1;SHEN Jia-Heng1*;Guo De-Dong2;SHANG Ya-Jia1;LU Jun-Ping1;DING Chang-Hong1   

  1. 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Harbin Normal University;2College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2008-09-01 Revised:2008-12-13 Online:2009-03-12 Published:2009-01-15
  • Contact: SHEN Jia-Heng

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Abstract:

The experiment was conducted by using TEM in order to provide more information for reproductive biology of angiosperm and relative research on sugar beet. The results were as follows: the megagametophyte development type is Polygonum-type. Functional megaspore was rich in ribosomes, and mitochondrium and plastid were increased in number by division. Embryo sac elongated at 1-nucleate stage by fusion of small vacuoles. Nucleus with obvious nucleolus and carnassial nuclear membrane got larger at later stage. Organelle numbers increased and wall ingrowths occurred at the micropylar end. Embryo sac expanded rapidly at 2-nucleate stage due to the formation of central vacuole and the increase of organelles. Starch grains occurred and organelles increased continually at 4-nucleate stage. Eight-nucleate stage was so short that cellularization took place rapidly to form a 7 cell-8 nuclei embryo sac. At early stage of cellularization, all cells were separated by primary wall with many plasmodesmata in it. Abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum stretched along the wall with Golgi bodies and vesicles near it. At late stage of cellularization, egg, and synergids were polarized, large amount of vesicles fused with membrane to join the formation of cell wall and filiform apparatus. Wall ingrowths occurred in central cell at micropylar region near embryo sac wall. In conclusion, embryo sac enlarges gradually with the increase of organelles during megagametophyte development in sugar beet. All the ultrastructural characteristics suggest there is a high level of metabolism in megagametophyte development. Plasmodesmata in the chalazal end wall as a site for symplastic transportation between nucellar cells and embryo sac only appear in functional megaspore and 1-nucleate embryo sac at early stage. Ingrowths at the micropylar end of embryo sac from late stage of 1-nucleate to cellularization enlarge the surface of membrane greatly so as to enhance non-symplastic transportation.

Key words: Suger beet(Beta vulgaris L.), Megagametophyte, Cellularization, Ultrastructure

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