Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica，

Acta Agron Sin ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 490-498.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.000490

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Ultrastructure of Megagametophyte during the Development Period in Suger Beet(Beta vulgaris L.)

LI Wei1;SHEN Jia-Heng1*;Guo De-Dong2;SHANG Ya-Jia1;LU Jun-Ping1;DING Chang-Hong1   

  1. 1College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Harbin Normal University;2College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2008-09-01 Revised:2008-12-13 Online:2009-03-12 Published:2009-01-15
  • Contact: SHEN Jia-Heng

PDF

992

Cited

1

Abstract:

The experiment was conducted by using TEM in order to provide more information for reproductive biology of angiosperm and relative research on sugar beet. The results were as follows: the megagametophyte development type is Polygonum-type. Functional megaspore was rich in ribosomes, and mitochondrium and plastid were increased in number by division. Embryo sac elongated at 1-nucleate stage by fusion of small vacuoles. Nucleus with obvious nucleolus and carnassial nuclear membrane got larger at later stage. Organelle numbers increased and wall ingrowths occurred at the micropylar end. Embryo sac expanded rapidly at 2-nucleate stage due to the formation of central vacuole and the increase of organelles. Starch grains occurred and organelles increased continually at 4-nucleate stage. Eight-nucleate stage was so short that cellularization took place rapidly to form a 7 cell-8 nuclei embryo sac. At early stage of cellularization, all cells were separated by primary wall with many plasmodesmata in it. Abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum stretched along the wall with Golgi bodies and vesicles near it. At late stage of cellularization, egg, and synergids were polarized, large amount of vesicles fused with membrane to join the formation of cell wall and filiform apparatus. Wall ingrowths occurred in central cell at micropylar region near embryo sac wall. In conclusion, embryo sac enlarges gradually with the increase of organelles during megagametophyte development in sugar beet. All the ultrastructural characteristics suggest there is a high level of metabolism in megagametophyte development. Plasmodesmata in the chalazal end wall as a site for symplastic transportation between nucellar cells and embryo sac only appear in functional megaspore and 1-nucleate embryo sac at early stage. Ingrowths at the micropylar end of embryo sac from late stage of 1-nucleate to cellularization enlarge the surface of membrane greatly so as to enhance non-symplastic transportation.

Key words: Suger beet(Beta vulgaris L.), Megagametophyte, Cellularization, Ultrastructure

[1] Hu S-Y(胡适宜), Yang H-Y(杨弘远). Biology of Angiosperm Fertilization(被子植物受精生物学). Beijing: Science Press, 2002. pp 83–85(in Chinese)
[2] Willemse M T M, Van Went J L. The Female Gametophyte. In: Johri B M ed. Embryology of Angiosperm. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1984. pp 159–196
[3] De Boer-de-Jeu. Megasporogenesis. A comparative study of the ultrastructural aspects of megasporogenesis in Lilium, Allium and Impatiens. Meded Landbouwhogesch Wageningen, 1978, 16: 1–127
[4] Willemse M T M, Franssen Verheijen M A W. Cell organelles changes during megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis in Gasteria verrucosa (Mill.) Bull Soc Bot Fr Actual Bot, 1978, 125: 187–191
[5] Plisko M A. An electron microscopic investigation of the characteristic features of megagametogenesis in Calendula officinalis L. Bot Zh, 1971, 56: 582–597
[6] Newcomb W. The development of the embryo sac of sunflower Helianthus annuus before fertilization. Can J Bot, 1973, 51: 863–878
[7] Schulz P, Jensen W A. Prefertilization ovule development in Capsella: The dyad, tetrad, developing megaspore, and two- nucleate gametophyte. Can J Bot, 1986, 64: 875–884
[8] Russell, S D. Fine structure of megagametophyte development in Zea mays. Can J Bot, 1979, 57: 1093–1110
[9] Cass D D, Peteya D J, Robertson B L. Megagametophyte development in Hordeum vulgare: 2. Later stages of wall development and morphological aspects of megagametophyte cell differentiation. Can J Bot, 1986, 64: 2327–2336
[10] Folsom M W, Cass D D. Embryo sac development in soybean: Ultrastructure of megasporogenesis and early megagametogenesis. Can J Bot, 1989, 67: 2841–2849
[11] Folsom M W, Cass D D. Embryo sac development in soybean: Cellularization and egg apparatus expansion. Can J Bot, 1990, 68: 2135–2147
[12] Shen J-H(申家恒), Li H-R(李慧蓉), Yin H(殷华). Megasporogenesis and microsporogenesis and the development of their female and male gametophyte in sugar beet. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 1986, 12(3): 205–213(in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] Shen J-H(申家恒), Li H-R(李慧蓉), Han X-H(韩晓华), Wang P(王谱). Observations on fertilization in sugar beet. Acta Bot Sin (植物学报), 1986, 28(3): 251–255 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14] Hoefert L L. Ultrastructure of beta pollen: I. Cytoplasmic constituents. Am J Bot, 1969, 56: 363–368
[15] Bruun L. The mature embryo sac of the sugar beet, Beta vulgaries: A structural investigation. Nord J Bot, 1987, 7: 543–551
[16] Newcomb W, Steeves T A. Helianthus annus embryogenesis: Embryo sac wall projections before and after fertilization. Bot Gaz, 1971, 132: 376–371
[17] Folsom M W, Peterson C M. Ultrastructural aspects of the mature embryo sac of soybean, Glycine max(L.) Merr. Bot Gaz, 1984, 145: 1–10
[18] Sumner M J, Van Caeseele L. The development of the central cell of Brassica campestris prior to fertilization. Can J Bot, 1990, 68: 2553–2563
[1] Li-Na SHANG,Xin-Long CHEN,Sheng-Nan MI,Gang WEI,Ling WANG,Ya-Yi ZHANG,Ting LEI,Yong-Xin LIN,Lan-Jie HUANG,Mei-Dan ZHU,Nan WANG. Phenotypic identification and gene mapping of temperature-sensitive green- revertible albino mutant tsa2 in rice (Oryza sativa L.) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2019, 45(5): 662-675.
[2] Ya-Jiao CHENG,Yuan-Fang FAN,Jun-Xu CHEN,Zhong-Lin WANG,Ting-Ting TAN,Jia-Feng LI,Sheng-Lan LI,Feng YANG,Wen-Yu YANG. Effects of Light Intensity on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Assimilates of Soybean Leaf [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(12): 1867-1874.
[3] LIU Hong-Yan, ZHOU Fang, LI Jun, YANG Min-Min, ZHOU Ting, HAO Guo-Cun,ZHAO Ying-Zhong . Anatomical Structure and Photosynthetic Characteristics of a Yellow Leaf Mutant YL1 in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2017, 43(12): 1856-1863.
[4] FAN Yuan-Fang,YANG Feng*,LIU Qin-Lin,CHEN Jun-Xu,WANG Rui,LUO Shi-Ling,YANG Wen-Yu*. Effects of Shading on Leaf Structure and Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics of Soybean seedlings in Maize-Soybean Relay Intercropping System [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2017, 43(02): 277-285.
[5] LI Wei,SHEN Jia-Heng,GUO De-Dong. Ultrastructure of Central Cell before and after Fertilization in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2014, 40(01): 166-173.
[6] LI Wei,SHEN Jia-Heng,GUO De-Dong. Ultrastructure of Synergid in Its Degenerative Process in Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris) [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2013, 39(12): 2220-2227.
[7] QIU Yi-Lan,LI Hong,PENG Ke-Qin,LIU Zhu-Li,CHEN Song,LIU Ru-Shi,LIANG Man-Zhong. Observation of Chloroplast Ultrastructure of Zebra Leaf in Rice Mutant b411 [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2010, 36(1): 184-190.
[8] DING Chang-Hong,SHEN Jia-Heng,GUO De-Dong,SHANG Ya-Jia,LU Jun-Ping. Ultrastructure of Megasprogenesis in Faculative Apomictic Monosonic Addition Line M14  of Beta corolliflora of Sugar Beet [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35(8): 1516-1524.
[9] YANG Xiao-Li; ZHANG Hai-Yang;GUO Wang-Zhen;ZHENG Yong-Zhan;MIAO Hong-Mei;WEI Li-Bin;ZHANG Tian-Zhen. Ultrastructure in Microspore Abortion of Genic Male Sterile Line in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34(11): 1894-1900.
[10] HAN Shan-Hua;GU Su-Fang;ZHANG Hong. Nuclear Ultrastructural Changes of Infected Cell during the Development of Root Nodules [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2004, 30(07): 719-722.
[11] ZHOU Zhu-Qing;LAN Sheng-Yin;ZHU Xu-Tong;WANG Wei-Jin;XU Zhen-Xiu. Ultrastructure and Its Function of Phloem Cell in Abdominal Vascular Bundle of Wheat Caryopsis [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2004, 30(02): 163-168.
[12] GUAN He-Xin;ZHU Ying-Guo. Ultrastructural Observation of Maxie Sterile Anther(Oryza sativa L.) [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2000, 26(06): 913-918.
[13] Shao Jirong;Liu Yongsheng;Zhou Shizhuen;Chen Weiqun;Sun Jingsan. Effects of Cold Hardening on Cold-resistance and Stability of Organella Membrance System in Rice Seedling (Oryza sativa L.) [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 1999, 25(05): 567-573.
[14] Xu Shi-chang; Shen Xiu-ying; Gu Wei-lian; Dai Jun-ying; Wang Lian-zhi. Changes of Lipid Peroxidation, Reasterification of Phosphatide and Ultrastructure of Membrane in Leaf Cells of Maize under Soil Drought Condition [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 1994, 20(05): 564-569.
[15] Wang Zhen-lin;Shen Cheng-guo;Yu Song-lie. The Effect of Zinc Nutrition on Leaf Structure and Chloroplast Ultrastructure in Winter Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) [J]. Acta Agron Sin, 1993, 19(06): 553-557.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Add: No. 80 Xueyuan South Rd, Beijing 100081, P. R. China E-mail: zwxb301@caas.cn
Supported by Beijing Magtech Co.Ltd