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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2010, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 1843-1852.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01843

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING · GERMPLASM RESOURCES · MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

SSR Analysis of Genetic Diversity and the Temporal Trends of Major Commercial Inbred Indica Rice Cultivars in South China in 1949–2005

LIU Chuan-Guang1,ZHANG Gui-Quan2,*   

  1. 1 Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; 2 College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
  • Received:2010-03-10 Revised:2010-07-05 Online:2010-11-12 Published:2010-08-30
  • Contact: ZHANG Gui-Quan,E-mail:gqzhang@scau.edu.cn E-mail:guyliu@tom.com

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Abstract: Three hundred SSR makers distributing evenly on the whole rice genome wereused to assess the genetic diversity among 95 major commercial inbred indica rice cultivars in South China in 1949–2005. Of the 300 SSR loci, 236 loci were polymorphic. A total of 776 alleles were detected at the 236 polymorphic loci. The mean number of alleles per locus was 3.29 with a range from 2 to 12. Two hundred and six SSR loci with 2 to 4 alleles accounted for 87.3% of all the 236 polymorphic loci. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 0.42 with a range from 0.041 to 0.790. Among the 12 chromosomes, chromosome 10 showed the greatest values in mean allele number and PIC value, but chromosome 5 showed the lowest values. In six investigated decades, the number of detected alleles per locus increased from 1950s to 1970s, and then decreased after 1970s. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the genetic variation among the six decades was significant (P＜0.001)，though it just accounted for 3.77% of the total genetic variation. Genetic distance (GD) among cultivars gradually decreased from 1950s to 2000s. Clustering analysis with COMPLETE method based on genetic similarity coefficients (GS) showed that all the cultivars could be separated into five clusters with GS value 0.685. The clustering result indicated that the genetic improvement of inbred rice cultivars was just based on several core parents in different decades. It could be concluded that the genetic diversity of indica rice cultivars in South China is narrow and has been decreasing after 1970s, therefore there’s a need for incorporating new variability into the existent rice germplasm for broadening the genetic basis of cultivars.

Key words: South China, Rice, Genetic diversity, SSR

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