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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1677-1688.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01677

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Nitrogen-Reducingand Suitable SoilMoisture Enhance Photosyn thetic Potential of FlagLeaf and Grain Yieldin Winter Wheat

ZHOU Su-Mei, ZHANG Ke-Ke, ZHANG Man, LI Lei, ZHANG Chun-Li, YIN Jun*, and HE De-Xian   

  1. College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University / National Engineering Research Centre for Wheat / Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, Zhengzhou 450002, China
  • Received:2016-01-04 Revised:2016-07-11 Online:2016-11-12 Published:2016-08-11
  • Contact: Yin Jun,E-mail:xmzxyj@126.com
  • Supported by:

    ThisstudywassupportedbytheNationalTechnologyR&DProgramofChina(2011BAD16B07,2015BAD26B01).

Abstract:

This study aimed at seeking a possibility of reducing nitrogen (N) fertilizer input on getting high yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in Huang-Huai Valley region. A field experiment was carried out with treatments of three soil moistures and three N application levels, to measure light-response curve parameters of flag leaf, water use efficiency and yield-component traits in the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 growing seasons. The soil moisture treatments included no irrigation (W1), medium irrigation to 70?5% of soil relative moisture after jointing stage (W2), and well-irrigation to 80±5% of soil relative moisture after jointing stage (W3). The N application rates were 0 (N1), 195 (N2), and 270 kg ha?1 (N3). Under W1 and W2 conditions, N2 treatment showed greater increases in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate (Tr) of flag leaf and greater reduction rate of intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) than N1 and N3 treatments. Under W3 treatments, N2 and N3 treatments had similar changing trend of light response curves. N2W2 was the most superior treatment in photosynthesis at anthesis stage, with the maximum Pn of 33.20 μmol CO2 m?2 s?1 and the light saturation point (LSP) of 1507.4 μmol m?2 s?1, which were 21.4% and 9.5% higher than these averages of other treatments, respectively. In addition, N2W2 showed the lowest light compensation point, indicating its high photosynthetic potential. As a result, N2W2 had the largest kernal number and the highest thousand-grain weight across two years, with significant difference than other treatments (P < 0.01). The grain yield of N2W2 was more than 9500 kg ha?1, and the water use efficiency was 18.8% higher than that of other treatments under W2 and W3 conditions. These results suggest that reducing N application from 270 to 195 kg ha?1 under suitable soil moisture (medium irrigation) may increase wheat yield by enhancing the photosynthetic potential of flag leaf, which is a good management of irrigation and fertilizer for high yield and high N use efficiency in Huang-Huai Valley wheat region.

Key words: Nitrogen-reducing and suitablesoilmoisture, Winterwheat, Flagleaves, Light-responsecurves, Grainyield

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