Increasing protein content (PC) and oil content (OC) are main goals in soybean improvement, so mapping quantitative trait locus (QTL) and mining elite alleles underlying PC and OC are of importance for molecular design breeding in soybean. In this research a four-way recombinant inbred line population derived from double cross (Kenf 14 × Kenf 15) × (Hein 48 × Kenf 19) with 204 lines was used to analyze the data of PC and OC from the field experiments in eight environments across Harbin and Keshan in 2013, 2014, and 2015 by interval map method based on a linkage map constructed in previous research. The 29 PC QTLs and 39 OC QTLs were detected from eight planting environments. Among the twenty-nine PC QTLs, five were detected across over two environments, which distributed on six linkage groups, i.e. A1, D2, J, N and O, with explained phenotypic variation (PVE) ranging from 7.65% to 20.08%. Four of them, i.e. qPC-A1-1, qPC-D2-1, qPC-J-1, and qPC-O-2, showed PVE over 10%. Of the thirty-nine OC QTLs, ten were found in more than two environments, which were located on linkage groups A1, A2, B1, D1b, G, I, J, and N with PVE ranging from 7.30% to 25.68%. Four out of the ten QTLs that included qOC-A2-1, qOC-B1-1, qOC-G-1, and qOC-J-1 had PVE above 10%.
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