Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica,

Acta Agron Sin ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1689-1699.

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of Returning Methods of Maize Straw and Nitrogen Treatments on Soil Physicochemical Property and Yield of Winter Wheat

PANG Dang-Wei, CHEN Jin, TANG Yu-Hai, YIN Yan-Ping, YANG Dong-Qing, CUI Zheng-Yong, ZHENG Meng-Jing, LI Yong, and WANG Zhen-Lin*   

  1. 1Agronomy College, Shandong Agricultural University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, China
  • Received:2015-11-23 Revised:2016-07-11 Online:2016-11-12 Published:2016-08-11
  • Contact: Wang Zhenlin,E-mail:zlwang@sdau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    ThisstudywassupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(31271661,31271667,30871477),theNationalBasicResearchProgramofChina(2015CB150404),theNationalTechnologyEngineeringProgramforFoodCropsProduction(2012BAD04B05),theSpecialFundforAgro-ScientificResearchinthePublicInterest(201203100,201203029),andtheHigherEducationalScienceandTechnologyProgramofShandongProvince.

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to understand the effect of continuous rotary tillage on soil tilth and wheat yield under straw-return and non-straw return conditions. A three -year field experiment from October 2012 to June 2015 was conducted with three tillage patterns (three-year rotary tillage without maize straw return, RT; three-year rotary tillage with maize straw return, RTS; and two-year rotary tillage plus one-year deep tillage with maize straw returning, RTS-DTS.) and four nitrogen application levels (165 kg ha-1, N165; 225 kg ha-1, N225; 300 kg ha-1, N300; 360 kg ha-1, N360). Compared with rotary tillage, deep tillage facilitated decomposition of the maize straw and high N level accelerated the decomposition speed. Under non-straw-return condition, continuous rotary tillage reduced the organic matter content in 0–30 cm soil layer, leading to increased bulk density and decreased soil porosity. Under straw-return condition, continuous rotary tillage increased the organic matter content in 0–10 cm soil layer and soil porosity and decreased bulk density. Moreover, RTS-DTS showed positive effects on tilth soil structure. For example, compared with RTS, RTS-DTS had the effect on increasing organic matter content in 10–30 cm soil layer, decreasing bulk density in 0–20 cm soil layer, and increasing the total porosity in 0–20 cm soil layer and capillary porosity in 10–30 cm soil layer. Three-year rotary tillage resulted in yield decline of wheat, particularly under non-straw return condition. Grain yield of RT in the third year was 5.0%–8.7% more than that in the first year. Although the yield of RTS was 7.3%–8.9% higher than that of RT, it also showed obvious decline in the third year. Compared with RTS, RTS-DTS showed great improvement in yield and yield components, with the increase of 14.5% in spike number, 5.7% in grain number per spike, and 7.6% in final yield. Under maize straw return condition, soil physical property was improved with the increase of N level. However, the final yield in treatments of N225, N300, and N360 was not significantly different. Our results suggest that RTS-DTS plus maize straw return with N application rate of 225 kg ha?1 is a high-yield and high-efficient cultivation pattern in Shandong province.

Key words: Tillagepractices, Strawreturning, Nitrogenfertilizer, Yield

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