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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 188-195.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84055

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

A new method of synthesizing Brassica napus by crossing B. oleracea with the allohexaploid derived from hybrid between B. napus and B. rapa

Fang YUE1,Lei WANG1,Yan-Gui CHEN1,Xiao-Xia XIN3,Qin-Fei LI1,2,Jia-Qin MEI1,Zhi-Yong XIONG3,*(),Wei QIAN1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
    2 College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
    3 College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2018-04-16 Accepted:2018-10-08 Online:2019-02-12 Published:2018-11-09
  • Contact: Zhi-Yong XIONG,Wei QIAN E-mail:xiongzy2003@aliyun.com;qianwei666@hotmail.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)(2015CB150201);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471173);and the Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission Grants(cstc2016shmszx80074)

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Abstract:

It is an important way to improve Brassica napus (A nA nC nC n) try using its parental species. Here a hexaploid method was proposed to synthesize B. napus by crossing B. oleracea (C oC o) with the hexaploid derived from the interspecific hybridization between B. napus and B. rapa. The hexaploid (A rA rA nA nC nC n) was developed by crossing B. napus cv. ‘Zhongshuang 11’ with B. rapa cv. ‘SWU07’, and followed by chromosome doubling. And the hexaploid was crossed with various types of B. oleracea to develop new type B. napus. The hexaploid exhibited stable karyotype in three successive generations. There was no significant difference for seed setting rate between open-pollination and selfing-pollination in generations. The pollen fertility ranged from 94.6% to 98.8%. The average seed-setting rate was 5.47 and 7.93 seeds per pod for the open-pollination and selfing-pollination in three successive generations, respectively. The average crossability was 0.05, 0.04, and 0.05 seeds per pod in three successive crossing generations between the hexaploid and B. oleracea, respectively. There was no significant difference in pod setting rate and seed setting rate among the hybrids between the hexaploid and the diverse types of B. oleracea. A few seeds were obtained by crossing B. oleracea with hexaploid A rA rA nA nC nC n in the field, suggesting that the method of hexaploid is useful to introgress the genomic components of parental species into B. napus.

Key words: Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, Brassica oleracea, allohexaploid, crossability

Fig. 1

Breeding process for developing new type B. napus"

Table 1

SSR primers used in identifying hexaploid"

基因组
Genome		 引物名称
Primer name		 上游引物
Forward primer (5°-3°)		 下游引物
Reverse primer (5°-3°)
A04 QW150 CGTTTTCGTAACACTCAAGC GTTGGTTCGTGGTTCCTTCT
A04 QW156 ATCCCAAAGAAACACGACA ATCCACCTCCCATCACATT
A07 SWUA1236 CTGATGTCCCCAGTACCAT CAACATTCCACAAGTGATCC
A07 SWUA1251 GATGCAACAAACCGTGACT AACCTCGCTATGGGAAGAC
C01 CB10277 ACAAATGCTTGAGTGATA TCTTCGTAAACTTGTTCTTGA
C09 SWUC664 CCTTGCAGCCATTCACTCTT AAACTAGGGTTTCCAGCCGT
C09 SWUC700 TGCCACTGTTTTGTTCTTGG CCGCTGTCTCCTCACTAACC

Fig. 2

Identification and characteristics of the synthesized hexaploid a: Hexaploid S0-2; b: New type B. napus; c: B. napus var. Zhongshuang 11; d: B. rapa SWU07; e: B. oleracea—the parent of the new type of B. napus; f and g display chromosome karyotype in generations S0 and S1 by FISH, respectively; h: One somatic cell from the hybrid between hexaploid and B. oleracea with chromosome pattern of 20 A-genomic and 18 C-genomic chromosomes by FISH (red signals represent chromosomes from C genome, blue signals is present chromosomes from A genome, white-CentBr1, green-CentBr2, Both CentBr1, and CentBr2 are the centromere repeat sequences, C-genome specific probe comes from BAC clone BNIH123L05 [28]); i: exhibits molecular patterns of the hybrid as compared with two parents (P1 means B. rapa SWU07, P2 means B. napus Zhongshuang 11, the primer is QW156); j and k show the pollen fertility of hexaploid and triploid, respectively (the full pollen with depth color means fertile pollen, others are infertile pollens); l and m show the different sizes of flowers and buds between hexaploid (right) and B. napus var. Zhongshuang 11 (left); n: Pollen of B. oleracea grown well on the stigma at 6 h after pollination."

Table 2

Seed setting investigation in each generation of hexaploid (mean±SD)"

六倍体世代
Generation		 自交结实性
Seed setting of self
pollination (seeds pod-1)		 天然结实性
Seed setting of open pollination (seeds pod-1)
S0 4.2±2.16 8.2±2.41
S1 5.9±3.02 6.3±2.84
S2 6.3±3.60 9.3±2.62

Table 3

Crossability of the hexaploid with B. oleracea"

杂交组合
Cross		 授粉花蕾数
Bud number
pollinated		 结角数
Pod number		 结实数
Seed number		 结角率
Pod setting rate
(mean±SD)		 结实率
Seed setting rate
(mean±SD)
AAAACC × CC (正交)
S0 362 168 6 0.46±0.13 0.04±0.31
S1 2234 1009 50 0.45±0.28 0.05±0.26
S2 2290 908 49 0.40±0.36 0.05±0.29
CC × AAAACC (反交)
S0 105 50 3 0.48±0.19 0.06±0.25
S1 2166 1042 35 0.48±0.41 0.03±0.34
S2 391 143 8 0.37±0.27 0.06±0.28
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