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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (01): 1-8.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94062

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS •     Next Articles

Establishment of screening method for salt tolerant soybean at emergence stage and screening of tolerant germplasm

LIU Xie-Xiang,CHANG Ru-Zhen,GUAN Rong-Xia(),QIU Li-Juan()   

  1. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2019-04-17 Accepted:2019-08-09 Online:2020-01-12 Published:2019-09-03
  • Contact: Rong-Xia GUAN,Li-Juan QIU E-mail:guanrongxia@caas.cn;qiulijuan@caas.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830066)

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Abstract:

Salinity is an important factor affecting crop production. Screening salt tolerant soybean germplasm is of great significance for the utilization of salinized soil in major soybean production regions. In order to select salt tolerant soybean, a screening method was developed by using six soybean accessions, including Zhonghuang 35, Zhonghuang 39, Williams 82, Tiefeng 8, Peking, and NY27-38. Seeds were grown in vermiculite and treated with 0, 100, and 150 mmol L -1 NaCl solution. Seedling rate (SR), plant height (H), fresh weight of shoot and root (FWS and FWR), dry weight of shoot and root (DWS and DWR) were decreased significantly under 150 mmol L -1 NaCl treatment, with significant difference among varieties. Therefore, 150 mmol L -1 NaCl was suitable to identify salt tolerant soybean at emergence stage. The salt tolerance index (SI) based on the growth and development of seedlings and the salt tolerance coefficient (ST) were significantly correlated with the salt tolerance. The method using salt tolerance index is non-destructive and does not require planting control, which could save time and labor in salt tolerant germplasm identification. Twenty-seven soybean resources were screened, in which three were highly tolerant (grade 1) and seven tolerant (grade 2) at emergence stage. Among them, Yundou 101, Zheng 1311, Wansu 1015, and Tiefeng 8 also showed salt tolerance (grade 1) at seedling stage. In summary, an effective method for screening salt tolerant soybean at emergence stage was developed, with vermiculite as the substrate, 150 mmol L -1 NaCl as suitable treatment solution, and salt tolerance index as the indicator. Four soybean accessions were found to be salt tolerant at both emergence and seedling stages. This screening method will be useful for identification of salt tolerant soybean germplasm.

Key words: soybean, emergence stage, salt tolerance, screening method

Fig. 1

Standard of individual classification for salt tolerance at germination stage"

Table 1

Symptoms of soybean at emergence and seedling stages under salt stress"

出苗期 Emergence stage 苗期 Seedling stage
类别
Category		 表型特征
Symptom		 级别
Grade		 表型特征
Symptom
I 植株凋亡, 子叶干枯(类别数值为1)
Plant dead, cotyledons were dry (category value is 1)		 1 健康的绿叶, 没有观察到损伤
Healthy green leaves, no damage observed
II 植株生长受到严重抑制, 子叶未展开(类别数值为2)
Plant growth was severely inhibited, cotyledon was not unfolded (category value is 2)		 2 轻度坏死, 真叶轻微发黄
Slight chlorosis, light yellowish color observed in true leaves
III 植株生长受到抑制, 具有生长点, 但真叶未展开(类别数值为3)
Plant growth was inhibited with shoot apical meristem, but true leaves were not unfolded (category value is 3)		 3 中度坏死, 三出复叶发黄
Moderate chlorosis, chlorosis observed in trifoliate leaves
IV 植株生长基本正常, 真叶未完全展开(类别数值为4)
Plant growth was basically normal, true leaves were not fully expanded (category value is 4)		 4 严重坏死, 超过75%的叶面发黄
Severe chlorosis, more than 75% of the leaf area showed chlorosis
V 植株生长正常, 真叶完全展开(类别数值为5)
Plant growth was normal, true leaves were fully expanded (category value is 5)		 5 凋亡, 植物完全枯萎
Dead, plants were completely withered

Fig. 2

Phenotypes of six materials after treatment with NaCl solution for 15 days A, B, and C refer to the phenotype after treatment with 0, 100, and 150 mmol L-1 NaCl for 15 days, respectively. Bar = 1 cm. D: seedling rate. E: fresh weight of root. F: fresh weight of shoot. G: shoot height. H: dry weight of root. I: dry weight of shoot. Data are mean ± SE with three biological replicates (n = 3). Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 between different treatments of the same variety."

Fig. 3

Salt tolerance of six materials under 150 mmol L-1 NaCl stress ST_SR: relative seedling rate; ST_H: relative height; ST_FWR: relative fresh weight of root; ST_FWS: relative fresh weight of shoot; ST_DWR: relative dry weight of root; ST_DWS: relative dry weight of shoot. Data are mean ± SE with three biological replicates (n = 3). Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 between different varieties of the same indicator."

Table 2

Correlation coefficients between salt tolerance indexes at emergence stage in soybean"

指标
Index		 相对成苗率
ST_SR		 相对地上部鲜重
ST_FWS		 相对根鲜重
ST_FWR		 相对株高
ST_H		 相对根干重
ST_DWR		 相对地上部干重
ST_DWS
相对地上部鲜重 ST_FWS 0.97***
相对根鲜重 ST_FWR 0.81* 0.81*
相对株高 ST_H 0.97*** 0.96** 0.85*
相对根干重 ST_DWR 0.80 0.77 0.98*** 0.85*
相对地上部干重 ST_DWS 0.97*** 0.98*** 0.89* 0.99*** 0.87*
耐盐指数 SI 0.88* 0.83* 0.91** 0.87* 0.88* 0.90**

Table 3

Salt tolerance of 27 accessions at seedling and emergence stages"

品种
Variety		 耐盐性 Salt tolerance 品种
Variety		 耐盐性 Salt tolerance
出苗期
Emergence stage		 苗期
Seedling stage		 出苗期
Emergence stage		 苗期
Seedling stage
中黄74 Zhonghuang 74 3 5 运豆101 Yundou 101 2 1
冀1507 Ji 1507 3 1 郑1311 Zheng 1311 2 1
冀豆29 Jidou 29 3 5 冀1503 Ji 1503 4 1
冀豆23 Jidou 23 4 1 皖宿1015 Wansu 1015 2 1
安豆1498 Andou 1498 1 5 齐黄39 Qihuang 39 1 4
石豆17 Shidou 17 4 1 中黄207 Zhonghuang 207 3 3
科豆13 Kedou 13 4 4 邯豆11 Handou 11 3 5
中黄206 Zhonghuang 206 4 3 Williams 82 1 4
中黄605 Zhonghuang 605 2 5 中黄35 Zhonghuang 35 3 5
中黄80 Zhonghuang 80 3 3 中黄39 Zhonghuang 39 2 5
中黄203 Zhonghuang 203 3 1 铁丰8号 Tiefeng 8 2 1
中黄204 Zhonghuang 204 3 1 Peking 2 5
中黄70 Zhonghuang 70 3 5 NY27-38 4 1
圣豆10号 Shengdou 10 3 1

Fig. 4

Salt tolerance in both seedling and emergence stages for four accessions A: control (0 mmol L-1 NaCl treatment for 15 days). B: salt tolerance at emergence stage (150 mmol L-1 NaCl treatment for 15 days after sowing). C: salt tolerance at seedling stage (200 mmol L-1 NaCl treatment for 15 days when the unifoliate leaves of plants were fully expanded). Bars = 5 cm."

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