基于MaxEnt模型和HPLC技术的独活潜在适宜种植区预测及品质区化研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.44126

Abstract

Abstract:

Angelicae publicentis Radix (Duhuo), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and an economically important crop, presents challenges in quality control due to its wide geographic distribution. In this study, the MaxEnt model was employed to predict the current and future potential distribution of Duhuo in China, elucidating how climate change influences its spatial distribution patterns. Furthermore, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) combined with ArcGIS spatial analysis was applied to investigate the key environmental factors affecting coumarin accumulation and to identify optimal cultivation zones. The results revealed that the primary environmental factors influencing the current distribution of Duhuo include the annual temperature range, minimum temperature of the coldest month, solar radiation in May, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, and precipitation in the warmest quarter. The most suitable planting regions are primarily located in monsoon-influenced areas, including central Sichuan (Aba and Ganzi), southern Gansu (Pingliang), southern Shaanxi (Qinling), southern Hubei (Yichang), and southern Yunnan. Climate change projections suggest that the centers of suitable habitats will shift northward and to higher latitudes, resulting in a reduction in suitable areas. Coumarin content appears to decline gradually from high-suitability regions to low-suitability regions, possibly influenced by precipitation patterns. The optimal areas for cultivating high-quality Duhuo are concentrated in central Sichuan, southern Gansu, Hunan, Henan, southern Hubei, andsouthern Anhui, aligning closely with current suitable planting regions, although these areas are also expected to shrink in the future. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing Duhuo cultivation areas, enhancing quality control, increasing economic benefits, and promoting industrial development.

Key words: Angelica publicen Maxin f. biserrata Shan et Yuan, MaxEnt model, HPLC, climatic response, quality evaluation

HU Chao-Gui, DONG Peng-Bin, WANG Chen-Yue, LI Qian. Exploring the prediction of planting suitability distribution and quality zoning of Angelicae publicentis Radix based on MaxEnt model and HPLC[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2025, 51(6): 1676-1689.

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环境变量Environment variables	编号Abbreviation	单位Unit
年平均气温Annual mean temperature	bio1	℃
平均昼夜范围Mean diurnal range	bio2	℃
等温 (bio2/bio7) (×100) Isothermality	bio3	1
温度季节性(标准偏差 ×100) Temperature seasonality	bio4	1
最热月份的最高温度Max. temperature of warmest month	bio5	℃
最冷月份的最低温度Min. temperature of coldest month	bio6	℃
年温度范围 (bio5-bio6) Temperature annual range	bio7	℃
最湿季度的平均温度Mean temperature of wettest quarter	bio8	℃
最干燥季度的平均温度Mean temperature of driest quarter	bio9	℃
最热季度的平均温度Mean temperature of warmest quarter	bio10	℃
最冷季度的平均温度Mean temperature of coldest quarter	bio11	℃
年降水量Annual precipitation	bio12	mm
最湿月份的降水Precipitation of wettest month	bio13	mm
最干燥月份的降水Precipitation of driest month	bio14	mm
降水季节性(变异系数) Precipitation seasonality	bio15	mm
最湿季降水Precipitation of wettest quarter	bio16	mm
最干燥季度的降水Precipitation of driest quarter	bio17	mm
最热季降水Precipitation of warmest quarter	bio18	mm
最冷季降水Precipitation of coldest quarter	bio19	mm
太阳辐射Solar radiation	srad(1-12)	kJ m−2 day−1
表土pH Topsoil pH	t_pH	1
表土阳离子交换能力Topsoil cation exchange capacity	t_cec	cmol kg−1
土壤阳离子交换能力Soil cation exchange capacity	s_cec	cmol kg−1
表层土有机碳Topsoil organic carbon	t_oc	%
土壤有机碳Soil organic carbon	s_oc	%
土壤有效持水量AWC range	awc_class	1
高程Altitude	elev	m

环境变量 Environmental variables	缩写Abbreviation	单位Unit
最冷月最低气温 Minimum temperature of the coldest month	bio6	℃
年温度变化范围 Annual temperature range	bio7	℃
最冷季度平均气温 Mean temperature of the coldest quarter	bio11	℃
年降水量 Annual precipitation	bio12	mm
最暖季降水量 Precipitation of the warmest quarter	bio18	mm
太阳辐射(5月和8月) Solar radiation (May and August)	srad (5, 8)	kJ m^-2 d^-1
土壤表土pH Soil pH	s_ph	1
海拔 Elevation	elev	m

标准品 Standard substance	回归方程 Regression equation	回归系数R²
二氢山芹醇Columbianetin	y = 25,875,890.24x + 15,200.61	0.9991
补骨脂素Psoralen	y = 26,790,698.17x - 127,507.32	0.9992
花椒毒素Methoxsalen	y = 19,314,770.12x - 40,564.94	0.9991
蛇床子素Osthole	y = 26,116,722.56x - 67,290.35	1.0000
异欧前胡素Isoimperatorin	y = 48,467,223.78x - 373,156.79	0.9992
二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯Columbianadin	y = 26,273,935.36x - 31,363.08	0.9998

标准品 Standard substance	精密度测试 Precision test		重复性测试 Repeatability test	稳定性测试 Stability test
标准品 Standard substance	日内 Intra-day RSD	日间 Inter-day RSD	RSD	RSD
二氢山芹醇Columbianetin	0.23	1.28	0.45	0.40
补骨脂素Psoralen	0.54	1.30	1.20	0.80
花椒毒素Methoxsalen	0.70	1.47	0.56	1.20
蛇床子素Osthole	1.10	1.80	1.10	1.60
异欧前胡素Isoimperatorin	0.68	1.70	0.60	1.10
二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯Columbianadin	0.77	0.89	0.70	1.50

环境变量 Variable	贡献值 Contribution (%)	排列重要性 Permutation importance (%)
srad5	50.5	11.1
bio7	16.3	16.7
bio6	9.6	39.1
bio11	6.5	2.5
elev	5.5	7.4
bio18	5.5	11.8
srad8	3.6	6.9
s_ph	1.3	2.2
bio12	1.1	2.4

Exploring the prediction of planting suitability distribution and quality zoning of Angelicae publicentis Radix based on MaxEnt model and HPLC

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适宜性 Suitability	适宜区域面积 Suitable area (×10⁴ km²)
	当前 Current	2041-2060			2081-2100
	当前 Current	SSP1-2.6	SSP3-7.0	SSP5-8.5	SSP1-2.6	SSP3-7.0	SSP5-8.5
不适宜性No suitability	499.002	520.738	525.865	524.415	521.271	524.813	512.146
低适宜性Low suitability	128.962	133.283	140.908	130.554	123.625	131.861	145.012
中适宜性Medium suitability	148.523	132.167	126.462	140.615	134.670	134.481	137.194
高适宜性High suitability	44.589	34.887	27.840	25.491	41.509	29.920	26.722

产地 Origin	二氢山芹醇 Columbianetin	补骨脂素 Psoralen	花椒毒素 Methoxsalen	蛇床子素 Osthole	异欧前胡素 Isoimperatorin	二氢欧山芹醇当归酸酯 Columbianadin
湖北宣恩Xuan’en, Hubei	1.05	1.23	8.46	14.71	1.04	1.07
甘肃陇西Longxi, Gansu	0.06	0.27	0.31	2.65	0.35	0.09
甘肃渭源Weiyuan, Gansu	0.11	0.32	0.71	2.84	0.43	0.09
四川阿坝Aba, Sichuan	0.35	0.55	1.18	0.41	0.31	0.70
甘肃华亭Huating, Gansu	0.65	0.84	6.44	8.17	1.10	0.68
四川甘孜Ganzi, Sichuan	0.23	0.43	1.30	0.21	0.31	0.86
湖北五峰Wufeng, Hubei	1.14	1.31	6.71	4.20	2.50	0.49
重庆巫溪Wuxi, Chongqing	0.59	0.78	5.36	7.64	0.96	0.89
重庆城口Chengkou, Chongqing	0.62	0.81	5.61	7.68	0.87	0.73
云南昆明Kunming, Yunnan	0.58	0.78	4.93	6.21	1.65	0.30
陕西秦岭Qinling, Shaanxi	0.63	0.82	6.26	9.51	1.31	0.35
贵州Guizhou	0.32	0.52	7.13	3.55	0.74	0.84

物种 Species	采集点 Location	经度 Longitude (N)	纬度 Latitude (E)	适宜性 Suitability
独活 Angelica pubescens roots	湖北宣恩Xuan’en, Hubei	109.9276°	30.132°	高适宜 High Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	甘肃陇西Longxi, Gansu	104.6367°	35.0032°	低适宜Low Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	甘肃渭源Weiyuan, Gansu	104.2193°	35.1342°	低适宜Low Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	四川阿坝Aba, Sichuan	102.6315°	31.4912°	低适宜Low Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	甘肃华亭Huating, Gansu	106.6311°	35.2049°	中适宜Medium suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	四川甘孜Ganzi, Sichuan	102.3771°	30.9782°	低适宜Low Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	湖北五峰Wufeng, Hubei	111.2102°	30.4716°	高适宜High Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	重庆巫溪Wuxi, Chongqing	109.7101°	31.3755°	高适宜High Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	重庆城口Chengkou, Chongqing	109.0117°	31.8126°	高适宜High Suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	云南昆明Kunming, Yunnan	100.8413°	24.4458°	中适宜Medium suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	陕西秦岭Qinling, Shaanxi	107.8164°	33.3017°	中适宜Medium suitability
独活Angelica pubescens roots	贵州Guizhou	106.0887°	25.7503°	中适宜Medium suitability

面积 Area	时期Period
	当前 Current	2050s (2041-2060)			2090s (2081-2100)
	当前 Current	SSP1-2.6	SSP3-7.0	SSP5-8.5	SSP1-2.6	SSP3-7.0	SSP5-8.5
适宜区域面积Suitable area (×10⁴ km²)	457.25460	394.04668	358.40292	300.65092	371.18309	344.24062	325.56602

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