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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (7): 1728-1739.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34183

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Core germplasm identification of proso millet in spring sowing area of Northeast China using fluorescent microsatellite markers

DING Yi-Bing1,2(), XIN Xu-Xia1, FENG Zhi-Zun1, GUO Juan1, CAO Yue1,3, CHEN Xi-Ming2, WANG Xiao-Dan1, CAO Xiao-Ning3, SANTRA Dipak K4, CHEN Ling3, QIAO Zhi-Jun3,*(), WANG Rui-Yun1,3,*()   

  1. 1Agronomy College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
    2Corn Research Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Xinzhou 034000, Shanxi, China
    3Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China
    4Panhandle Research & Extension Center, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Scottsbluff 69361, Nebraska, USA
  • Received:2023-11-06 Accepted:2024-01-31 Online:2024-07-12 Published:2024-02-09
  • Contact: *E-mail: wry925@126.com; E-mail: nkypzs@126.com
  • Supported by:
    National Laboratory of Minor Crops Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding (In Prepare, 202204010910001);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31271791);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-06-14.5-A16);Special Fund for Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of Shanxi Province(2023CYJSTX03-12);Key Research & Development Project of Shanxi Province(2022ZDYF110);Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovation and Molecular Breeding(K462202040);Biological Breeding Project of Shanxi Agricultural University(YZGC069);Graduate Education Reform Project of Agronomy College in Shanxi Agricultural University(2023YJG05)

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Abstract:

Rich germplasm resources are the basis of new varieties breeding and industrial development in proso millet. In this study, 190 core germplasms of proso millet in spring sowing area of northeast China were used as the experimental materials. PCR amplification and capillary electrophoresis were performed using the previously constructed SSR markers labeled with fluorescence at the 5° end. According to the fragments detected by capillary electrophoresis, “0/1” was used to represent without of the fragments, and ID Analysis 4.0 was used to distinguish them. PopGene, PowerMarker, MEGA, Structure, and NTSYS were used for genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that 190 materials could be distinguished by three fluorescent SSR (RYW3, RYW6, RYW28) marker combinations. A total of 73 alleles were detected, with an average of 24.3333. The effective number of alleles (Ne) was 5.4728 (RYW3)-15.8922 (RYW6), with an average of 9.6469. The Shannon diversity index (I) was 2.0851 (RYW3)-2.9457 (RYW6), with an average of 2.4896. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.7529 (RYW6) - 0.9574 (RYW28), with an average of 0.8876. The expected observed heterozygosity (He) was 0.8194 (RYW3) - 0.9398 (RYW6), with an average of 0.8765. The Nei’s gene diversity index (Nei) was 0.8173 (RYW3)-0.9371 (RYW6), with an average of 0.8741. The polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.8656 (RYW3)-0.9722 (RYW6), with an average of 0.9198. Based on UPGMA, 190 resources were divided into three groups. Based on the genetic structure of Structure (K = 3), the core collection of proso millet was divided into three groups. The proso millet was derived from four provinces in northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, and the part of Inner Mongolia). Based on principal component analysis, the materials were divided into four groups, which was consistent with their geographical origin. The DNA molecular identification cards of 190 core collections of northeast proso millet were constructed using online two-dimensional code technology (https://cli.im/).

Key words: Panicum miliaceum, the northeast spring sowing area, fluorescent SSR, capillary electrophoresis, DNA molecular ID card

Table S1

Information of 190 core proso millet accessions"

序号
Number		 统一编号
Unified number		 材料名称
Material name		 材料来源
Material source		 备注
Remark
1 00000001 64黍120 64 Shu 120 黑龙江嫩江所 Nenjiangsuo, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
2 00000012 白糜子 Baimeizi 黑龙江德都 Dedu, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
3 00000013 兔子争窝 Tuzizhengwo 黑龙江北安 Bei’an, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
4 00000014 黑糜子 Heimeizi 黑龙江讷河 Nehe, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
5 00000022 大粒糜子 Dalimeizi 黑龙江克山 Keshan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
6 00000024 双粒糜子 Shuanglimeizi 黑龙江克东 Kedong, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
7 00000025 大黑糜子 Daheimeizi 黑龙江克东 Kedong, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
8 00000029 黑糜子 Heimeizi 黑龙江拜泉 Baiquan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
9 00000030 双粒糜子 Shuanglimeizi 黑龙江拜泉 Baiquan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
10 00000031 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江依安 Yi’an, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
11 00000032 大黄糜子 Dahuangmeizi 黑龙江依安 Yi’an, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
12 00000036 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江海伦 Hailun, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
13 00000041 大黄糜子 Dahuangmeizi 黑龙江林甸 Lindian, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
14 00000047 兔子争窝 Tuzizhengwo 黑龙江林甸 Lindian, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
15 00000049 黑粘糜子 Heinianmeizi 黑龙江富裕 Fuyu, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
16 00000050 鹌鹑尾 Anchunwei 黑龙江富裕 Fuyu, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
17 00000052 白糜子 Baimeizi 黑龙江甘南 Gannan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
18 00000056 鹅头 Etou 黑龙江甘南 Gannan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
19 00000058 大红糜子 Dahongmeizi 黑龙江龙江 Longjiang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
20 00000069 大白糜子 Dabaimeizi 黑龙江杜旗 Duqi, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
21 00000072 鹅头糜子 Etoumeizi 黑龙江杜旗 Duqi, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
22 00000073 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
23 00000074 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
24 00000078 鹅头糜子 Etoumeizi 黑龙江安达 Anda, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
25 00000080 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江富锦 Fujin, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
26 00000089 黄壳 Huangke 黑龙江勃利 Boli, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
27 00000097 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江桦川 Huachuan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
28 00000103 黑糜子 Heimeizi 黑龙江桦川 Huachuan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
29 00000105 黑糜子 Heimeizi 黑龙江同江 Tongjiang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
30 00000106 杂花糜子 Zahuameizi 黑龙江同江 Tongjiang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
31 00000108 黑糜子 Heimeizi 黑龙江宝清 Baoqing, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
32 00000110 黑糜子 Heimeizi 黑龙江罗北 Luobei, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
33 00000111 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江集贤 Jixian, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
34 00000112 大红黍 Dahongshu 黑龙江华南 Huanan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
35 00000113 猪糜子 Zhumeizi 黑龙江虎林 Hulin, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
36 00000115 鹌鹑尾 Anchunwei 黑龙江密山 Mishan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
37 00000137 黑粘糜子 Heinianmeizi 黑龙江密山 Mishan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
38 00000148 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江林口 Linkou, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
39 00000151 大红袍 Dahongpao 黑龙江鸡西 Jixi, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
40 00000161 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江东宁 Dongning, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
41 00000173 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江穆棱 Muling, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
42 00000174 散黄糜子 Sanhuangmeizi 黑龙江穆棱 Muling, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
43 00000179 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江宁安 Ningan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
44 00000186 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江牡丹江 Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
45 00000189 红糜子 Hongmeizi 黑龙江海林 Hailin, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
46 00000197 粘糜子 Nianmeizi 黑龙江通河 Tonghe, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
47 00000203 散穗 Sansui 黑龙江方正 Fangzheng, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
48 00000204 黑雁头 Heiyantou 黑龙江木兰 Mulan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
49 00000205 鹅头 Etou 黑龙江巴彦 Bayan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
50 00000208 笊篱头 Zhaolitou 黑龙江宾县 Binxian, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
51 00000210 雁头 Yantou 黑龙江阿城 Acheng, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
52 00000211 大红糜子 Dahongmeizi 黑龙江呼兰 Hulan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
53 00000212 灰白糜子 Huibaimeizi 黑龙江呼兰 Hulan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
54 00000215 鸭子嘴 Yazizui 黑龙江哈尔滨 Harbin, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
55 00000218 白鹅头 Baietou 黑龙江双城 Shuangcheng, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
56 00000220 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江五常 Wuchang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
57 00000222 麦糜子 Maimeizi 黑龙江五常 Wuchang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
58 00000225 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江尚志 Shangzhi, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
59 00000229 大红袍 Dahongpao 黑龙江依兰 Yilan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
60 00000230 雁头 Yantou 黑龙江铁力 Tieli, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
61 00000231 大黄黍 Dahuangshu 黑龙江绥化 Suihua, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
62 00000233 雁头 Yantou 黑龙江绥化 Suihua, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
63 00000234 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 黑龙江肇东 Zhaodong, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
64 00000238 白鹅头 Baietou 黑龙江兰西 Lanxi, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
65 00000239 红散糜子 Hongsanmeizi 黑龙江肇州 Zhaozhou, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
66 00000244 大白糜 Dabaimei 黑龙江肇源 Zhaoyuan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
67 00000245 龙糜2号 Longmei 2 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 地方品种 Landrace
68 00000255 早熟糜子 Zaoshumeizi 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 地方品种 Landrace
69 00000257 69-4103 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 选育品种 Bred variety
70 00000266 龙黍8号异型(双粒)
Longshu 8 haoyixing (shuangli)		 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 选育品种 Bred variety
71 00000299 77-4007 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 选育品种 Bred variety
72 00000302 龙黍6号 Longshu 6 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 选育品种 Bred variety
73 00001977 稷子 Jizi 黑龙江克山 Keshan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
74 00001978 稷子 Jizi 黑龙江龙江 Longjiang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
75 00001979 稷子 Jizi 黑龙江安达 Anda, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
76 00001980 万星稷子 Wanxingjizi 黑龙江泰来 Tailai, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
77 00001986 稷子 Jizi 黑龙江密山 Mishan, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
78 00004204 64黍62 64 Shu 62 黑龙江讷河种子站 Heilongjiang Nehe Seed Station 地方品种 Landrace
79 00004211 糜子(黍) Meizi (shu) 黑龙江方正 Fangzheng, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
80 00004222 菊食糜子 Jushimeizi 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 选育品种 Bred variety
81 00004861 黑糜子 Heimeizi 黑龙江龙江 Longjiang, Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
82 00004864 2号糜子兔子争窝
2Haomeizituzizhengwo		 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 地方品种 Landrace
83 00005594 龙黍23号 Longshu 23 黑龙江嫩江农业科学研究所
Heilongjiang Nenjiang Agricultural Science Research Institute		 地方品种 Landrace
84 00006459 龙黍2号(2260)
Longshu 2 (2260)		 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 地方品种 Landrace
85 00006460 2078 黑龙江嫩江农业科学研究所
Heilongjiang Nenjiang Agricultural Science Research Institute		 地方品种 Landrace
86 00006463 2135 黑龙江农业科学院
Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 地方品种 Landrace
87 00007558 B75-2 黑龙江 Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
88 00007635 年丰四号 Nianfengsihao 黑龙江 Heilongjiang 选育品种 Bred variety
89 00007820 嫩黍11 Nenshu 11 黑龙江 Heilongjiang 地方品种 Landrace
90 00000326 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林镇赉 Zhenlai, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
91 00000338 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林安广 Anguang, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
92 00000339 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林大赉 Dalai, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
93 00000346 黎糜子 Limeizi 吉林洮南 Taonan, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
94 00000347 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林扶余 Fuyu, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
95 00000350 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林前郭 Qianguo, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
96 00000351 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林前郭 Qianguo, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
97 00000352 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林乾安 Qianan, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
98 00000353 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林榆树 Yushu, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
99 00000356 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林开通 Kaitong, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
100 00000357 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林瞻榆 Zhanyu, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
101 00000358 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林德惠 Dehui, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
102 00000359 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林德惠 Dehui, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
103 00000360 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林长岭 Changling, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
104 00000362 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林怀德 Huaide, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
105 00000365 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林双辽 Shuangliao, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
106 00000366 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林梨树 Lishu, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
107 00000367 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林汪清 Wangqing, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
108 00000368 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林汪清 Wangqing, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
109 00000369 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林伊通 Yitong, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
110 00000372 糜子 Meizi 吉林延吉 Yanji, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
111 00000374 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林珲春 Huichun, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
112 00000375 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 吉林珲春 Huichun, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
113 00000376 黄泥河 Huangnihe 吉林东丰 Dongfeng, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
114 00000377 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 吉林海龙 Hailong, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
115 00000378 紧穗糜子 Jinsuimeizi 吉林辉南 Huinan, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
116 00000389 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林安图 Antu, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
117 00000392 糜子 Meizi 吉林和龙 Helong, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
118 00000395 红壳粘糜子 Hongkenianmeizi 吉林柳河 Liuhe, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
119 00000397 糜子 Meizi 吉林柳河 Liuhe, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
120 00000400 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林柳河 Liuhe, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
121 00000401 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林通化 Tonghua, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
122 00000406 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林临江 Linjiang, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
123 00000407 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林临江 Linjiang, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
124 00000408 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林长白 Changbai, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
125 00000410 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林集安 Ji’an, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
126 00002035 黑糜子 Heimeizi 吉林白城 Baicheng, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
127 00002036 黎糜子 Limeizi 吉林安广 Anguang, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
128 00002038 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林开通 Kaitong, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
129 00002039 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林瞻榆 Zhanyu, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
130 00002041 黄糜子 Huangmeizi 吉林双辽 Shuangliao, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
131 00002044 红糜子 Hongmeizi 吉林延吉 Yanji, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
132 00002047 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林通化 Tonghua, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
133 00004223 九台红糜子(黍)
Jiutaihongmeizi (shu)		 吉林九台 Jiutai, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
134 00004231 千斤糜子(黍) Qianjinmeizi (shu) 吉林永吉 Yongji, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
135 00004263 林家糜子(黍) Linjiameizi (shu) 吉林长春 Changchun, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
136 00005630 农安白糜子 Yianbaimeizi 吉林农安 Nong’an, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
137 00005668 三湾白糜子 Sanwanbaimeizi 吉林辽源 Liaoyuan, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
138 00005674 卧龙白糜子 Wolongbaimeizi 吉林和龙 Helong, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
139 00005682 三峰黄糜子 Sanfenghuangmeizi 吉林龙井 Longjing, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
140 00005705 月清白糜子 Yueqingbaimeizi 吉林图门 Tumen, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
141 00005713 大川黑糜子 Dachuanheimeizi 吉林通化 Tonghua, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
142 00005716 板石黑糜子 Banshiheimeizi 吉林浑江 Hunjiang, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
143 00005725 湾沟糜子 Wangoumeizi 吉林浑江 Hunjiang, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
144 00006571 黄糜 Huangmei 吉林 Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
145 00007260 黍稷16 Shuji 16 吉林双阳 Shuangyang, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
146 00007261 梨糜子 Limeizi 吉林镇来 Zhenlai, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
147 00007262 白糜子 Baimeizi 吉林双辽 Shuangliao, Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
148 00007594 D75-1 吉林 Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
149 00007872 E75-B 吉林 Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
150 00008054 吉红软糜 Jihongruanmei 吉林 Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
151 00008055 吉高粱黍 Jigaoliangshu 吉林 Jilin 地方品种 Landrace
152 00000413 昌图红糜子 Changtuhongmeizi 辽宁昌图 Changtu, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
153 00000414 康平散穗 Kangpingsansui 辽宁康平 Kangping, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
154 00000415 法库黄糜子 Fakuhuangmeizi 辽宁法库 Faku, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
155 00000416 清源褐糜子 Qingyuanhemeizi 辽宁清源 Qingyuan, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
156 00000417 新宾红糜子 Xinbinhongmeizi 辽宁新宾 Xinbin, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
157 00000418 新宾黑糜子 Xinbinheimeizi 辽宁新宾 Xinbin, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
158 00000420 辽糜56号 Liaomei 56 辽宁农业科学院 Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences 地方品种 Landrace
159 00000421 阜新白糜子 Fuxinbaimeizi 辽宁阜新 Fuxin, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
160 00000423 黑山红黍 Heishanhongshu 辽宁黑山 Heishan, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
161 00000435 辽中黄糜子 Liaozhonghuangmeizi 辽宁辽中 Liaozhong, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
162 00000442 本溪白糜子 Benxibaimeizi 辽宁本溪 Benxi, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
163 00000445 台安白糜子 Taianbaimeizi 辽宁台安 Taian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
164 00000448 宽甸黑糜子 Kuandianheimeizi 辽宁宽甸 Kuandian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
165 00000450 凤城黄糜子 Fengchenghuangmeizi 辽宁凤城 Fengcheng, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
166 00000451 岫岩褐糜子 Xiuyanhemeizi 辽宁岫岩 Xiuyan, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
167 00000452 海城紧穗 Haichengjinsui 辽宁海城 Haicheng, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
168 00000455 营口白糜子 Yingkoubaimeizi 辽宁营口 Yingkou, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
169 00000456 锦县黄糜子 Jinxianhuangmeizi 辽宁锦县 Jinxian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
170 00000457 锦县白糜子 Jinxianbaimeizi 辽宁锦县 Jinxian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
171 00000460 红糜子 Hongmeizi 辽宁东沟 Donggou, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
172 00000464 熊岳红糜子 Xiongyuehongmeizi 辽宁盖县 Gaixian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
173 00000470 73-48 辽宁庄河 Zhuanghe, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
174 00000471 新金黄糜子 Xinjinhuangmeizi 辽宁新金 Xinjin, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
175 00000472 新金白糜子 Xinjinbaimeizi 辽宁新金 Xinjin, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
176 00000473 金黄黍 Jinhuangshu 辽宁复县 Fuxian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
177 00000476 紧穗白糜子 Jinsuibaimeizi 辽宁金县 Jinxian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
178 00000477 金县褐糜子 Jinxianhemeizi 辽宁金县 Jinxian, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
179 00005776 粘丰2号 Nianfeng 2 辽宁辽阳 Liaoyang, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
180 00005777 粘丰2号 Nianfeng 2 辽宁辽阳 Liaoyang, Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
181 00006532 昌图糜子 Changtumeizi 辽宁锦州农业科学研究所
Liaoning Jinzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences		 地方品种 Landrace
182 00006533 千斤黍 Qianjinmei 辽宁锦州农业科学研究所
Liaoning Jinzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences		 地方品种 Landrace
183 00007256 法库黄糜子 Fakuhuangmeizi 辽宁 Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
184 00007257 黑山红糜子 Heishanhongmeizi 辽宁 Liaoning 地方品种 Landrace
185 00000485 扎旗糜子 Zhaqimeizi 内蒙古兴安盟扎旗 Jalaid Banner, Hinggan League, Inner Mongolia 地方品种 Landrace
186 00000486 科右前大白黍 Keyouqiandabaishu 内蒙古兴安盟科右
Horqin Right Wing Middle Banne, Hinggan League, Inner Mongolia		 地方品种 Landrace
187 00000487 突泉白糜子 Tuquanbaimeizi 内蒙古兴安盟突泉 Tuquan, Hinggan League, Inner Mongolia 地方品种 Landrace
188 00000503 通辽黑黏糜子 Tongliaoheinianmeizi 内蒙古通辽 Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 地方品种 Landrace
189 00002054 扎旗稷子 Zhaqijizi 内蒙古兴安盟扎旗 Jalaid Banner, Hinggan League, Inner Mongolia 地方品种 Landrace
190 00002064 通辽红散糜 Tongliaohongsanmei 内蒙古通辽 Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 地方品种 Landrace

Table S2

Information of 30 fluorescently labeled SSR primers"

引物
Primer name		 正向引物
Forword primer (5′-3′)		 反向引物
Reverse primer (5′-3′)		 5′端修饰
5′ end modification		 退火温度
Tm (℃)
RYW2 TTAGGGCTCTCCTGCATCC CAGCGAGTTCACCGTCAAG 5′6-FAM 56.8
RYW3 GGAGGCGTGACAATAAAAC GGCGTGAGGTGTTGTTTTT 5′6-FAM 52.5
RYW5 GACGATGCTCTTGACCTTGT CACCGTGAAATGTCTCTGCT 5′6-FAM 55.0
RYW6 AGCCGATTTGCTGTGGAGT CTGCCTCCGATGAGTTGGT 5′6-FAM 57.4
RYW8 GGGTCAGAGAATACACAGCG GTAGGGAAGGAGAAGTGGGT 5′6-FAM 55.9
RYW12 ACCATCCCAGCACAAACCA TGCCTGAAGGAGAAGAGCG 5′HEX 57.5
RYW16 ATCTCCTCCGCCTTCTAACCC TGGCAATGGTCGTACAAACT 5′HEX 56.7
RYW17 TCAGCTACTTCGAACGGC GGATCATGCGATACATTTGG 5′HEX 53.0
RYW20 ACCTCTTGCCGCACACTAC TTCTACATCCCCGAACCAC 5′HEX 56.2
RYW28 CCAAGGCTGAGCAGAAAGAT ACAAGGTGAAACCCGAAGC 5′6-FAM 55.4
RYW29 CTTGATTTCTCACGCACCG TGTCCAGCAGTAGTCGTTCCT 5′6-FAM 56.2
RYW30 TAGCCTTCTTTGCCACCACT GCCCGTGATGATATTCGAC 5′6-FAM 54.9
RYW40 TGCTCTTCGGCTCTTCTCC ATCAGCTCATCGTGACCCC 5′6-FAM 57.4
RYW42 AGACACCCTGGGCAACATC CTGGACTGGGCTTCGTTCT 5′HEX 57.8
RYW43 GGAGATGCTTGCTTGGTTG CAGGAATCGCAAGGAACAG 5′HEX 54.0
RYW47 TTGTTTTTGCTGCTGCCTC TGCTGGACTTCTTTTTGCC 5′HEX 53.7
RYW50 CAAGGCAGATAGGGCAAGT TCGTCTGCTGCTGGTTTGT 5′6-FAM 56.1
RYW52 AGTAGTCCTCCACCGCCAT CTCTTCCTCGTTCTCGGCT 5′6-FAM 57.8
RYW53 ATGCCTCCGATGTAGATGC GCCGCCTTCTCTTCATTCT 5′6-FAM 54.9
RYW55 CTGGTGGTGGTAGTTAGCG TTATGCCACCCACCGTAGC 5′6-FAM 56.9
RYW62 GTTTAGAGAGCAGGAGGCG AGCCCTGTCCACCCTAATC 5′6-FAM 56.4
RYW67 GAAGGAAACGCACCAGAGT TTGGGTTTGTGCTTGGAGT 5′6-FAM 54.9
RYW99 CGGAGTTCTTGGTGGCTT GCGTTCGCCAAAGAGCAT 5′6-FAM 56.1
RYW125 TTGACGACGACTGTGTGC TGTTGGTGGAGTTGAGGAC 5′6-FAM 55.1
RYW145 CTTTTTCTGCTGCTCCCT TGATGCCATACCCAACTG 5′6-FAM 52.2
RYW146 TGATGCTTCTTGGGTTCG CGCCGTCCACTTCTGTAT 5′HEX 53.6
RYW149 CAGGACTTGGGTGATTGC GAGCGGAGGAGGAAACTA 5′HEX 53.7
RYW156 TTTACAACCCTTCCCGCC AGGACTTTCCGCCTCTACCC 5′HEX 57.5
RYW158 GGTAGGGTTCAAGGTGGTT CAGGCAATCTCTTCAGGC 5′6-FAM 54.0
RYW164 AGACAGCCATTCAACCACG CCATCTCCTCATCCACCA 5′6-FAM 54.6

Table 1

Discrimination of proso millet accessions by three SSR markers and their combinations"

引物/组合
Primer/combination		 区分种质数
Number of distinguished germplasms		 区分率
Discrimination
rate (%)
RYW3 60 31.58
RYW6 122 64.21
RYW28 95 50.00
RYW3+RYW6 182 95.79
RYW3+RYW6+RYW28 190 100.00

Table 2

Comparison of genetic diversity parameters between three fluorescent and conventional SSR markers"

Na Ne I Ho He Nei PIC
荧光RYW3 19 5.4728 2.0851 0.9524 0.8194 0.8173 0.8656
荧光RYW6 27 15.8922 2.9457 0.7529 0.9398 0.9371 0.9722
荧光RYW28 27 7.5756 2.4382 0.9574 0.8703 0.8680 0.9216
合计Total 73 — — — — — —
平均 Mean 24.3333 9.6469 2.4896 0.8876 0.8765 0.8741 0.9198
RYW3 3 2.8443 1.0705 0.6505 0.6484 0.6484 0.7658
RYW6 3 2.9044 1.0824 0.6579 0.6557 0.6557 0.8200
RYW28 3 2.9056 1.0815 0.658 0.6558 0.6558 0.8221
合计Total 9 — — — — — —
平均 Mean 3 2.8848 1.0782 0.6554 0.6533 0.6533 0.8026

Fig. 1

Cluster analysis of 190 proso millet accessions based on UPGMA HLJ: Heilongjiang; JL: Jilin; LN: Liaoning; IM: Inner Mongolia."

Fig. 2

Population modeling of 190 proso millet accessions based on Structure"

Fig. 3

Population genetic structure graph of proso millet accessions based on Structure"

Fig. 4

Principal component analysis of 190 proso millet core germplasms HLJ: Heilongjiang; JL: Jilin; LN: Liaoning; IM: Inner Mongolia."

Table 3

Amplification results and code typing of three pairs of primers detected with capillary electrophoresis"

引物
Primer		 电泳条带数目
Polymorphism bands		 电泳片段长度及编码
Length and code of electrophoresis fragments (bp)
RYW3 133 101 (001), 101/107/133/154 (002), 101/112 (003), 101/112/123 (004), 101/112/123/195 (005), 101/112/128/133 (006), 101/112/154 (007), 101/118/133/154 (008), 101/118/138/164 (009), 101/118/169 (010), 101/118/175/231 (011), 101/118/195 (012), 101/133 (013), 101/133/175 (014), 101/138/143/164 (015), 101/143/154/195 (016), 101/154 (017), 101/169/242 (018), 101/195 (019), 101/242 (020), 107 (021), 107/112/148/175 (022), 107/112/175/195 (023), 107/118/123/175 (024), 107/118/143/195 (025), 107/118/154 (026), 107/118/154/175 (027), 107/118/164/175 (028), 107/123/133/195 (029), 107/123/195/242 (030), 107/128/138/242 (031), 107/128/154/175 (032), 107/128/154/200 (033), 107/128/195/207 (034), 107/148/175/215/321 (035), 107/154/207 (036), 107/164/195/242 (037), 107/175/195 (038), 107/181/195/242 (039), 107/189 (040), 107/195 (041), 112 (042), 112/118 (043), 112/118/123/154 (044), 112/118/133/164 (045), 112/118/154/195 (046), 112/118/189/195 (047), 112/118/195 (048), 112/123/148/175 (049), 112/123/164/242 (050), 112/128/148/207 (051), 112/133/143/175 (052), 112/133/189/283 (053), 112/138/154/195 (054), 112/138/231 (055), 112/148/164 (056), 112/148/175/195 (057), 112/175/195 (058), 112/175/242/262 (059), 112/195/207/231 (060), 112/200/321 (061), 118 (062), 118/123 (063), 118/123/138/181 (064), 118/123/154/175 (065), 118/123/154/195 (066), 118/128/138/143 (067), 118/128/154/207/242 (068), 118/128/207/242 (069), 118/133/143/207 (070), 118/133/154/169 (071), 118/133/164/175 (072), 118/133/164/207 (073), 118/133/195/242 (074), 118/138/154/169 (075), 118/138/154/200 (076), 118/138/154/207 (077), 118/138/207 (078), 118/154/164 (079), 118/154/195/242 (080), 118/175/189/242 (081), 118/189/215/242 (082), 118/207/236 (083), 118/207/267/321 (084), 123 (085), 123/128/154/175 (086), 123/128/159/169 (087), 123/133 (088), 123/133/159/189 (089), 123/138/148/164 (090), 123/148 (091), 123/148/175/195 (092), 123/148/195/242 (093), 123/154/181/242 (094), 123/175/181/207 (095), 123/175/195 (096), 123/195 (097), 123/195/262 (098), 128 (099), 128/133/148/189 (100), 128/133/175/195 (101), 128/138/181 (102), 128/175 (103), 128/175/207 (104), 128/195/242 (105), 128/321 (106), 133 (107), 133/138/175 (108), 133/143/169/175 (109), 133/148/195/242 (110), 133/154 (111), 133/159/181/195 (112), 133/175 (113), 133/195 (114), 138/148 (115), 138/242 (116), 143 (117), 143/154/195/242 (118), 143/164/195/242 (119), 148/189/321 (120), 154/175/189/242 (121), 154/175/195/242 (122), 154/195 (123), 175/189 (124), 175/195 (125), 175/195/242 (126), 175/207 (127), 181/195 (128), 181/195/242/296 (129), 189/195/242 (130), 195 (131), 207 (132), 242 (133)
RYW6 80 93/99/113/125/150 (001), 93/99/150 (002), 99 (003), 99/106/113/125/150 (004), 99/106/113/131 (005), 99/106/113/150 (006), 99/106/113/203/217 (007), 99/106/118/131/138/150/196 (008), 99/106/119/125/150 (009), 99/106/119/150 (010), 99/106/125 (011), 99/106/125/138/150 (012), 99/106/125/150 (013), 99/106/125/150/156 (014), 99/106/131/150/178 (015), 99/106/150 (016), 99/106/150/160 (017), 99/106/150/184 (018), 99/106/156 (019), 99/113 (020), 99/113/119/150 (021), 99/113/125/150 (022), 99/113/138/150 (023), 99/113/144 (024), 99/113/150 (025), 99/113/150/156 (026), 99/113/150/217 (027), 99/113/160 (028), 99/119 (029), 99/119/125 (030), 99/119/125/150 (031), 99/119/125/150/178 (032), 99/119/138 (033), 99/119/138/150 (034), 99/119/138/160 (035), 99/119/150 (036), 99/119/150/156 (037), 99/119/150/160 (038), 99/119/156 (039), 99/125 (040), 99/125/150 (041), 99/125/150/160 (042), 99/125/150/217 (043), 99/131/150 (044), 99/144/150 (045), 99/150 (046), 99/150/156 (047), 99/150/217 (048), 99/156 (049), 99/165 (050), 106 (051), 106/113/125/150/217 (052), 106/113/144/150 (053), 106/113/150 (054), 106/113/150/156/178 (055), 106/119 (056), 106/119/138/160 (057), 106/119/150 (058), 106/125/150 (059), 106/125/150/156 (060), 106/125/156 (061), 106/138/150 (062), 106/144 (063), 106/144/150 (064), 106/144/156 (065), 106/150 (066), 106/150/160 (067), 106/150/171 (068), 106/150/211/217 (069), 106/156 (070), 113/125/150 (071), 113/150 (072), 113/150/156 (073), 113/150/217 (074), 119/150 (075), 125/150 (076), 125/203 (077), 138/150 (078), 150 (079), 150/155 (080)
RYW28 119 100 (001), 100/105/110 (002), 100/105/110/131 (003), 100/105/110/131/264 (004), 100/105/115/131/274/308 (005), 100/105/120/131/161 (006), 100/105/126/305 (007), 100/105/131/156 (008), 100/105/131/188 (009), 100/110 (010), 100/110/115 (011), 100/110/115/131 (012), 100/110/115/131/135/264/308 (013), 100/110/115/274/308 (014), 100/110/120/126 (015), 100/110/120/126/308 (016), 100/110/120/140/274 (017), 100/110/120/166 (018), 100/110/120/274/308 (019), 100/110/126/131 (020), 100/110/126/131/308 (021), 100/110/126/140 (022), 100/110/126/156 (023), 100/110/126/156/308 (024), 100/110/126/274/308 (025), 100/110/131 (026), 100/110/131/135/308 (027), 100/110/131/139 (028), 100/110/131/140 (029), 100/110/131/151 (030), 100/110/131/156 (031), 100/110/131/161/308 (032), 100/110/131/222/308 (033), 100/110/131/308 (034), 100/110/135/308 (035), 100/110/140 (036), 100/110/140/156 (037), 100/110/140/156/308 (038), 100/110/140/241/308 (039), 100/110/140/264/274 (040), 100/110/140/274 (041), 100/110/140/308 (042), 100/110/151/308 (043), 100/110/156 (044), 100/110/156/161 (045), 100/110/156/264/274 (046), 100/110/156/274 (047), 100/110/156/274/308 (048), 100/110/161/274 (049), 100/110/161/308 (050), 100/110/171/274 (051), 100/110/181/235 (052), 100/110/185/251/290 (053), 100/110/222/308 (054), 100/110/235/264/308 (055), 100/110/308 (056), 100/115/140/161/308 (057), 100/115/151/274/308 (058), 100/115/161/308 (059), 100/120/131/161/308 (060), 100/120/140/274/308 (061), 100/120/156/274/308 (062), 100/126 (063), 100/126/140 (064), 100/126/140/308 (065), 100/126/156 (066), 100/131/135/140/264 (067), 100/131/140/156/264/308 (068), 100/131/140/274/308 (069), 100/131/151/308 (070), 100/131/156 (071), 100/131/156/222/308 (072), 100/131/161 (073), 100/131/161/308 (074), 100/131/264/308 (075), 100/131/274/308 (076), 100/140 (077), 100/140/274/308 (078), 100/140/308 (079), 100/156/308 (080), 100/308 (081), 105/110/115/156/274 (082), 105/110/120/274/308 (083), 105/110/131/264/308 (084), 105/110/135/308 (085), 105/110/140/274/308 (086), 105/110/161/235 (087), 105/110/274/308 (088), 105/110/308 (089), 105/115/135 (090), 105/115/140 (091), 105/120/131/227/308 (092), 105/156/161/264/308 (093), 110 (094), 110/115/140 (095), 110/120/156 (096), 110/126/151/156 (097), 110/126/151/161 (098), 110/126/156/308 (099), 110/131 (100), 110/131/140 (101), 110/131/140/161 (102), 110/131/151/156/279 (103), 110/131/156/179 (104), 110/131/308 (105), 110/135/140/196/308 (106), 110/140/274/308 (107), 110/140/308 (108), 110/156/308 (109), 110/161/274/308 (110), 115/131/274/308 (111), 115/222/274/308 (112), 115/251/274/308 (113), 120/131/140/274/308 (114), 120/217/308 (115), 126/140/151/308 (116), 131/140/156 (117), 274/308 (118), 308 (119)

Fig. 5

Electrophoregrams of capillary polymorphism in some accessions amplyfied by RYW3"

Fig. 6

Two-dimensional code DNA molecular identification of No. 5 in proso millet accessions"

Fig. S1

190 DNA molecular identification cards of proso millet"

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