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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 72-84.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.54076

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Identification of drought-resistant resources and preliminary screening of drought resistant genes in diploid potatoes

Wang Ya-Zhi(), Yang Biao, Ji Xiang-Lin, Shi Ying*(), Zhang Li-Li*()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
  • Received:2025-06-19 Accepted:2025-09-10 Online:2026-01-12 Published:2025-09-24
  • Contact: *E-mail: yshi@neau.edu.cn; E-mail: zhanglilizw@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31601355);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-09)

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Abstract:

In this study, drought-shelter controlled irrigation experiments were conducted on 75 tissue-cultured seedling clones derived from hybrid progeny of the diploid cultivated species PHU-STN. Seven traits, measurements including biomass, root-related indicators, and physiological indices under drought stress, were measured for each potato accession. Drought stress indices were calculated for each trait, and a comprehensive evaluation was performed using membership function analysis combined with principal component and cluster analyses. Based on the results, the materials were classified into four levels of drought resistance, and two highly drought-resistant clones (A90 and A204) were identified. Subsequently, A90 (high drought resistance) and A163 (low drought resistance) were subjected to PEG-6000-induced drought stress for sampling and analysis. Transcriptome sequencing was employed to explore the regulatory mechanisms underlying drought response and to identify drought-resistance- related genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed in A90 and A163 under PEG-6000 stress. GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed key regulatory genes involved in ethylene and auxin signaling pathways. Based on differential expression patterns and qRT-PCR validation, six candidate drought-resistance genes were identified, all associated with auxin and ethylene signaling pathways.

Key words: potato, diploid, drought stress, comprehensive evaluation, drought resistant candidate genes

Table 1

Primer sequences used for qRT-PCR"

基因名称
Gene name		 正向引物
Forward primer (5′-3′)		 反向引物
Reverse primer (5′-3′)
Elfα GGTTGGTAATGTGTTGCCGC GCTCTGGTGGCAGAGTTTCT
StIAA20-like TTGGGGCTTGCTCTATGTGG GGCTTGTATCTTCTTCAGGCTT
StIAA17-like AAACAGAGCTCACTCTCGGC GATCCCCCTGGTGTTCTTGG
StSAUR71-like CCAGAGGAAGAGCCAAAGAGG TTCAGTGTGTAAGGCGGACG
StERF2-like TGTATTCGAATTGTGAACT TTATTGCTCTCTGTTCC
StABR1-like AGGATCATGGGCTGGACAGA GGCTTGTATCTTCTTCAGGCTT
StERF7-like AGGGAACAGAGCAATAA GCATGTCTCGATGCCTC
StERF37-like ATGATAATAATGTCTA TTTTCGAATTGATTTGCGG
StERF8-like ACTGAAAATGGCGCCC ACGTACCTAACCAAACACGG
StIAA13-like GCAGTCAGGTTGTGGGAT TCACCTTTACAATCTACATCAT

Fig. 1

Frequency distribution of physiological index changes across 75 potato accessions n: changes in physiological index of each accession; J: changes in physiological index of Jizhangshu 8; F: changes in physiological index of Favorita; Pro: proline; MDA: malondialdehyde; SOD: superoxide dismutase; POD: peroxidase; CAT: catalase."

Fig. S1

Frequency distribution of variation in single plant yield across 75 potato accessions Abbreviation are the same as those given in Fig. 1."

Table 2

Effects of drought stress on various indicators of potato"

水分含量
Moisture content		 丙二醛含量
MDA content
(nmol g-1)		 超氧化物歧化酶活性
SOD activity
(U g-1 min-1)		 过氧化物
酶活性
POD activity
(U g-1 min-1)		 过氧化氢
酶活性
CAT activity
(U g-1 min-1)		 叶绿素含量Clorophyll content
(mg g-1)		 脯氨酸含量
Pro content
(µg g-1)		 单株产量
yield per plant
(g)
正常水分
Normal moisture content		 均值 Mean 53.59 14.98 1150.30 19.40 3.65 26.13 51.01
标准偏差SD 35.70 6.17 310.37 3.99 0.86 19.48 12.17
变异系数
CV (%)		 66.62 41.17 26.98 20.57 23.42 74.58 23.86
干旱胁迫
Drought stress		 均值 Mean 72.84 18.41 2066.06 25.45 4.42 976.86 23.45
标准偏差 SD 42.95 7.01 479.66 5.03 0.93 648.54 7.07
变异系数CV(%) 58.96 38.06 23.22 19.76 21.01 66.39 30.15
方差分析
ANOVA		 M ** ** ** ** ** ** **
T ** ** ** ** ** ** **
M×T ** ** ** * ** ** **

Table 3

Correlation analysis of potato physiological indices under normal and drought conditions"

性状
Trait		 Pro MDA SOD POD CAT 叶绿素含量
Chlorophyll content		 单株产量
Yield per plant
Pro 0.11 -0.27* 0.21 0.36** 0.01 0.17 0.47**
MDA -0.08 0.85** -0.11 -0.10 -0.25* -0.15 0.34**
SOD 0.26* -0.09 0.89** 0.10 -0.21 0.01 0.16
POD 0.02 -0.01 0.11 0.69** 0.06 -0.04 0.22
CAT -0.01 -0.11 -0.23* 0.14 0.90** 0.18 0.34**
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content 0.07 0.01 -0.03 -0.15 0.09 0.80** 0.33**
单株产量Yield per plant 0.31** -0.02 -0.06 0.11 0.15 0.05 0.83**

Fig. 2

Correlation analysis (A) and cluster analysis (B) of drought resistance coefficients and comprehensive evaluation value (D) across potato traits Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 2. *、** indicate significant correlations at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively."

Table 4

Summary statistics of sequencing data quality"

样品名称
Sample name		 有效数据
Clean reads		 总碱基数
Clean bases (G)		 Q30
(%)		 GC含量
GC content (%)		 映射读数
Mapped reads		 映射率
Mapping rate (%)
T0A90a 21,717,792 6.5 93.98 42.80 40,013,630 92.12
T0A90b 23,271,762 7.0 93.95 42.69 42,716,607 91.78
T0A90c 20,766,821 6.2 94.80 42.78 38,276,615 92.16
T0A163a 22,087,763 6.6 94.19 42.66 36,569,218 82.78
T0A163b 22,191,182 6.6 93.85 42.44 37,408,864 84.29
T0A163c 21,340,959 6.4 94.75 42.57 35,602,740 83.41
T24A90a 21,331,288 6.4 94.70 42.50 38,618,685 90.52
T24A90b 21,578,809 6.5 94.14 43.88 37,343,483 86.53
T24A90c 23,657,586 7.1 94.73 42.58 43,117,670 91.13
T24A163a 21,150,182 6.3 94.66 42.57 35,024,331 82.80
T24A163b 21,298,612 6.4 94.89 42.47 34,429,343 80.83
T24A163c 23,781,477 7.1 94.20 42.45 38,534,448 81.02

Fig. 3

Transcriptome results of potato accessions with differing drought resistance CK: transcriptome data at 0 h of drought stress; DT: transcriptome data after drought stress."

Fig. 4

GO (A) and KEGG (B) enrichment statistical results"

Fig. 5

Heatmap of differentially expressed genes involved in IAA and ethylene signaling pathways in A90 and A163 CK: plants under drought stress for 0 h; DT: plants under drought stress for 24 h. Description is a comment for the gene ID."

Fig. 6

qRT-PCR validation of transcriptome data"

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