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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (07): 1264-1276.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.01264

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship of Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics and Root Physiological Traits with Grain Yield in Super Rice

FU Jing, CHEN Lu,HUANG Zuan-Hua,WANG Zhi-Qin,YANG Jian-Chang*   

  1. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province / Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
  • Received:2011-12-14 Revised:2012-04-16 Online:2012-07-12 Published:2012-05-11
  • Contact: 杨建昌, E-mail: jcyang@yzu.edu.cn

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Abstract: The success in super rice breeding has been considered as a great progress in rice production in China. This study aimed to understand the mechanism underlying the yield formation of super rice. Four super rice cultivars, Liangyoupeijiu and IIyou 084 (indica hybrids), Huaidao 9 and Wujing 15 (japonica), and two elite check cultivars, Shanyou 63 (indica hybrids) and Yangfujing 8 (japonica), were grown in field. Leaf photosynthetic characteristics and root physiological traits were investigated at different growth stages. The results showed that average total spikelet number and grain yield of the four super rice cultivars were 43.5% and 16.1%, respectively, more than those of two elite check cultivars, but the seed-setting rate of the four super rice cultivars was low 15.3% than that of the two elite check cultivars. The contents of chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll (a+b) and carotenoid, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of leaves, and specific root oxidation activity, root oxidation activity per plant, total root absorption area per plant, root active absorption area, specific surface area were higher in super rice than in elite check cultivars at earlier growth stages, while those traits decreased more quickly in super rice cultivars than in check cultivars at latter growth stages, and lower in super rice than in check cultivars up to 20 days after full heading. The results suggest that stronger leaf photosynthetic capacity and root activity during the early and mid-growth periods contribute to greater yield sink capacity of super rice, while the rapid decline of leaf photosynthetic capacity and root physiological activity at the late growth stage results in poor grain filling, and consequently, limits yield potential of super rice. Enhancing root physiological activity at late growth stage, especially during the grain filling period would be an important approach for super rice to further increase grain yield.

Key words: Super rice, Leaf photosynthetic characteristics, Root physiological traits, Grain filling, Grain yield

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