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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 159-168.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.03016

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Application study of crop yield prediction based on AquaCrop model in black soil region of Northeast China

CUI Ying(), LIN Hong-Hong, XIE Yun*(), LIU Su-Hong   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
  • Received:2020-03-13 Accepted:2020-08-19 Online:2021-01-12 Published:2020-09-15
  • Contact: XIE Yun E-mail:cuiying@mail.bnu.edu.cn;xieyun@bnu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFE0118100)

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Abstract:

Northeast black soil area is the production area of maize and soybean in China. In order to optimize the agricultural management and forecast crop yield with AquaCrop model, we use OAT (one factor at a time) method to analyze the sensitivity of the model parameters based on the experiment and field observation data, and to validate the model after calibrated the high sensitivity parameters. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the yields of maize and soybean were both extremely sensitive to the reference harvest index (HI0) and the parameters of canopy growth and root growth. The difference was that maize was more sensitive to the canopy decline coefficient (CDC), while soybean was more sensitive to the shape factor for water stress coefficient for canopy expansion (Pexshp). Maize was more sensitive to the maximum effective rooting depth (Zx) because of its deep root, while soybean was more sensitive to the shape factor describing root zone expansion (Rexshp) because of its short roots. Maize was extremely sensitive to the crop coefficient before canopy formation and senescence (KcTr,x) and the normalized water productivity (WP*) due to the large water demand, while soybean was only generally sensitive. After calibrated the high sensitivity parameters with experiment data, the regression coefficient of simulated yield and measured yield of maize increased from 0.34 to 0.89, and the regression coefficient of simulated yield and measured yield of soybean increased from 0.80 to 0.88. Furthermore, the validation results of field observation data indicated that the determination coefficients (R2), the root mean square error (RMSE), the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) and the model efficiency (ME) of the AquaCrop model of maize and soybean were 0.775 and 0.779, 1.076 t hm-2 and 0.299 t hm-2, 0.097 and 0.178, 0.747 and 0.730, respectively. The calibrated AquaCrop model can accurately simulate the yield of corn and soybean in the black soil area of Northeast China, and is useful for yield prediction and optimal management.

Key words: AquaCrop model, Northeastern China, sensitivity analysis, parameter calibration, maize, soybean

Table 1

Soil physical parameters of the experimental locations"

点位Location 容重
Bulk
density
(g cm-3)		 田间持水量
Field
capacity (%)		 凋萎湿度
Wilting point (%)		 有机质含量
Organic
content (%)		 氢离子浓度指数
Hydrogen ion concentration (pH)		 碱解氮含量
Available
nitrogen content
(mg kg-1)		 速效磷含量
Available
phosphorus content
(mg kg-1)		 速效钾含量
Available
potassium content
(mg kg-1)
1 1.48 30.45 15.40 3.65 6.21 142.42 6.69 44.23
2 1.43 26.85 14.48 2.46 5.86 103.13 4.19 36.19
3 1.43 28.24 16.35 2.01 5.77 69.59 3.02 46.24
4 1.54 29.39 16.12 1.38 5.91 71.98 2.24 44.23
5 1.25 45.19 18.16 2.73 5.79 117.88 2.64 36.37
6 1.36 33.86 16.94 2.15 5.79 115.15 2.82 39.36
7 1.24 38.70 17.61 2.63 5.79 88.38 3.35 44.36
8 1.37 33.53 15.78 2.53 5.67 65.65 1.47 35.37
9 1.43 28.41 11.48 0.92 5.90 38.66 2.84 25.38
10 1.45 28.10 11.11 1.40 5.68 53.83 4.67 47.35
11 1.63 18.36 10.00 0.68 6.10 30.03 1.56 14.08
12 1.51 24.75 11.89 2.36 6.19 74.65 7.60 55.35
13 1.64 17.52 8.15 1.25 6.13 46.99 12.27 34.18
14 1.37 27.65 10.94 2.39 6.38 75.56 24.97 441.73

Table 2

Introduction of parameters to be sensitive analysis in AquaCrop model"

符号
Symbol		 含义
Description
Pexp-up 限制冠层伸展的土壤水分消耗上限阈值。Soil water depletion threshold for canopy expansion-upper threshold.
Pexp-lw 限制冠层伸展的土壤水分消耗下限阈值。Soil water depletion threshold for canopy expansion-lower threshold.
Pexshp 限制冠层伸展的水分胁迫系数曲线的形状因子。Shape factor for Water stress coefficient for canopy expansion.
DeKcTr,x 因衰老、氮元素亏缺导致的作物系数下降速率。Decline of crop coefficient as a result of ageing, nitrogen deficiency.
KcTr,x 冠层形成和枯萎前的作物系数。Crop coefficient before canopy formation and senescence.
Rexshp 根区根系伸展曲线的形状因子。Shape factor describing root zone expansion.
Zmin 根系初始深度。Minimum effective rooting depth.
Zx 最大有效根深。Maximum effective rooting depth.
WP*yf 产量形成期的归一化水分生产力。
Water productivity normalized for ET0 and CO2 during yield formation (as percent WP* before yield formation).
WP* 归一化水分生产力。Water productivity normalized for ET0 and CO2.
CCx 最大冠层覆盖度。Maximum canopy cover.
CGC 冠层生长系数。Canopy growth coefficient.
CDC 冠层衰减系数。Canopy decline coefficient.
HI0 参考收获指数。Reference harvest index.

Table 3

Relative sensitivity of parameters in AquaCrop model"

模型参数
Parameter		 玉米Maize 大豆Soybean
相对敏感度RS 敏感程度Sensitivity 相对敏感度RS 敏感程度Sensitivity
Pexp-up 0.0023 低敏感Low sensitive 0.0223 低敏感Low sensitive
DeKcTr,x 0.0138 低敏感Low sensitive 0.0871 低敏感Low sensitive
Pexp-lw 0.0369 低敏感Low sensitive 0.1480 一般敏感General sensitive
Pexshp 0.0192 低敏感Low sensitive 0.9561 极敏感Extremely sensitive
Rexshp 0.0374 低敏感Low sensitive 1.9893 极敏感Extremely sensitive
Zmin 0.2321 一般敏感General sensitive 0.0871 低敏感Low sensitive
WP*yf 0.4407 一般敏感General sensitive 0.3450 一般敏感General sensitive
CCx 0.5556 一般敏感General sensitive 0.4995 一般敏感General sensitive
CGC 0.2011 一般敏感General sensitive 0.3961 一般敏感General sensitive
CDC 0.7901 极敏感Extremely sensitive 0.3745 一般敏感General sensitive
HI0 1.0185 极敏感Extremely sensitive 0.3897 一般敏感General sensitive
Zx 0.8585 极敏感Extremely sensitive 0.1197 一般敏感General sensitive
WP* 0.8509 极敏感Extremely sensitive 0.4295 一般敏感General sensitive
KcTr,x 0.7657 极敏感Extremely sensitive 0.6034 极敏感Extremely sensitive

Table 4

Calibrated parameters for simulating black soil area in Northeast China"

符号Notation 含义
Description		 单位
Unit		 默认值
Default value		 率定值Calibration value
玉米Maize 大豆Soybean
Pexp-up 限制冠层伸展的土壤水分消耗上限阈值。
Soil water depletion threshold for canopy expansion-upper
threshold.		 % of TAW 0.60 0.60 0.35
Pexp-lw 限制冠层伸展的土壤水分消耗下限阈值。
Soil water depletion threshold for canopy expansion-lower
threshold.		 % of TAW 0.25 0.14 0
Pexshp 限制冠层伸展的水分胁迫系数曲线的形状因子。
Shape factor for water stress coefficient for canopy expansion.		 — 3.0 2.9 4.0
DeKcTr,x 因衰老、氮元素亏缺导致的作物系数下降速率。
Decline of crop coefficient as a result of ageing, nitrogen
deficiency.		 % d-1 0.150 0.300 0.300
KcTr,x 冠层形成和枯萎前的作物系数。
Crop coefficient before canopy formation and senescence.		 — 1.10 1.05 1.10
Rexshp 根区根系伸展曲线的形状因子。
Shape factor describing root zone expansion.		 — 1.5 1.3 1.5
Zx 最大有效根深。
Maximum effective rooting depth.		 m 1.0 2.3 1.6
WP*yf 产量形成期的归一化水分生产力。
Water productivity normalized for ET0 and CO2 during yield
formation.		 % 100 100 51
WP* 归一化水分生产力。
Water productivity normalized for ET0 and CO2.		 g m-2 17.0 33.7 15.0
CCx 最大冠层覆盖度。Maximum canopy cover. % 80 96 98
CGC 冠层生长系数。Canopy growth coefficient. % d-1 15.0 15.8 10.0
CDC 冠层衰减系数。Canopy decline coefficient. % d-1 12.8 11.7 21.3
HI0 参考收获指数。Reference harvest index. % 50 58 43

Fig. 1

Comparison between simulated and measured yields of maize (a) and soybeans (b)"

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