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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (9): 2315-2324.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.12054

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Application of weeding bast fiber film in rice seedling field and its effect on rice

WU La-Mei1(), YANG Hao-Na1, WANG Li-Feng1, LI Zu-Ren2, DENG Xi-Le2, BAI Lian-Yang1,*()   

  1. 1. Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Hunan Weed Science Key Laboratory, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
    2. Hunan Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
  • Received:2021-08-05 Accepted:2022-01-05 Online:2022-09-12 Published:2022-07-15
  • Contact: BAI Lian-Yang E-mail:wlmlamei@hunaas.cn.;lybai@hunaas.cn
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System (Bast Fiber Crops) “Weeds and Integrated Control”(CARS-16-E19);Central Government Directs Local Science and Technology Development Projects(2019CT5009);Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2020NK2046);Scientific-Innovative of Hunan Agricultural Sciences and Technology(2020CX58);Scientific-Innovative of Hunan Agricultural Sciences and Technology(2020CX60)

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Abstract:

The objective of this study is to clarify the weed control effect and safety for rice weeding of herbicides mulching on bast fiber film, and to provide effective weed control measures for mechanized-transplanting cultivation. To study the effect of herbicides mulching on bast fiber film on the emergence and seedling growth of barnyard grass and rice, petri dish, plot experiment, weed control, and rice yield were conducted. Bioassay showed that the seed germination of barnyard grass and rice were inhibited by penoxsulam, bensulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, and pretilachlor within 96 hours, and the germination inhibition rate of barnyard grass was higher than that in rice. Seedlings of barnyard grass and rice were poisoned to varying degrees by high doses of penoxsulam, bensulfuron-methyl, and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl treated in 96 hours, it was mainly manifested in inhibition of root and bud growth and reduction of fresh weight. Barnyard grass and rice all died at high doses of pretilachlor. On this basis, to study the weed control effect and rice safety of penoxsulam (15 g a.i. hm-2), bensulfuron-methyl (30 g a.i. hm-2), and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (15 g a.i. hm-2) mulched on bast fiber film, field experiments were carried out in 2018 and 2019. The results revealed that the control effect of herbicide mulching on weeds in seedling field was 80%-90%, which was equivalent to pretilachlor. On the safety of rice, three herbicides mulching on bast fiber film could promote the height and fresh weight of rice seedlings. Compared with the control group, the 100-grain weight and the yield per hectare were increased. The rate of yield increase was 0.57%-2.13%, 0.55%-1.70%, and 2.87%-6.21% in 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively, which were equivalent to pretilachlor treatment. Three herbicides mulching on bast fiber film effectively control weeds in rice seedling field, which is safety for seedlings in a reasonable dose range and does not reduce rice yield. It has a broad application prospect in centralized seeding cultivation.

Key words: herbicide, bast fiber mulch film, rice seedling cultural, weed control effect, rice safety

Fig. 1

Effects of penoxsulam on seed germination in barnyard grass and rice Seed germination of barnyard grass and rice treated with penoxsulam film mulching under 24 hours (a), 48 hours (b), and 72 hours (c). Different lowercase letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 2

Effects of pretilachlor on seed germination in barnyard grass and rice Seed germination of barnyard grass and rice treated with pretilachlor film mulching under 24 hours (a), 48 hours (b), and 72 hours (c). Different lowercase letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 3

Effects of bensulfuron methyl on seed germination in barnyard grass and rice Seed germination of barnyard grass and rice treated with bensulfuron methyl film mulching under 24 hours (a), 48 hours (b), and 72 hours (c). Different lowercase letter means significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 4

Effects of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl on seed germination for barnyard grass and rice Seed germination of barnyard grass and rice treated with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl film mulching under 24 hours (a), 48 hours (b), and 72 hours (c). Different lowercase letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 5

Root length inhibitionof herbidides mulching on bast fiber film in barnyard grass and rice Barnyard grass and rice root length inhibition of penoxsulam (a), bensulfuron methyl (b), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (c), and pretilachlor (d). Different lowercase letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 6

Shoot length inhibitionof herbidides mulching on bast fiber film in barnyard grass and rice Barnyard grass and rice shoot length inhibition of penoxsulam (a), bensulfuron methyl (b), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (c), and pretilachlor (d). Different lowercase letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Fig. 7

Fresh weight inhibitionof herbidides mulching on bast fiber film in barnyard grass and rice Barnyard grass and rice fresh weight inhibition of penoxsulam (a), bensulfuron methyl (b), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (c), and pretilachlor (d). Different lowercase letters mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level."

Table 1

Control effect of herbidides mulching on bast fiber film on seedling field (%)"

药剂处理
Treatment (g a.i. hm-2)		 2018 2019 2020
株防效
Plant control effect		 鲜重防效
Fresh weight control effect		 株防效
Plant control effect		 鲜重防效
Fresh weight control effect		 株防效
Plant control effect		 鲜重防效
Fresh weight control effect
五氟磺草胺
Penoxsulam		 15 84.62 a 85.97 a 78.79 a 80.03 a 87.50 a 86.91 a
苄嘧磺隆
Bensulfuron methyl		 30 92.31 a 89.55 a 87.88 a 85.74 a 90.00 a 88.24 a
吡嘧磺隆
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl		 15 92.31 a 93.95 a 90.91 a 90.33 a 92.50 a 95.20 a
对照药剂: 丙草胺
Control: Pretilachlor		 480 84.62 a 85.56 a 75.76 a 79.08 a 80.00 a 87.39 a
清水附膜
Water mulching on film		 — 23.08 b 29.30 b 30.30 b 24.09 b 47.50 b 46.82 b

Table 2

Effects of herbidides mulching on bast fiber film on rice seedling"

药剂处理
Treatment (g a.i. hm-2)		 2018 2019 2020
根长
Root length (cm)		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 鲜重
Fresh weight
(g)		 根长
Root length (cm)		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 鲜重
Fresh weight
(g)		 根长
Root length (cm)		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 鲜重
Fresh weight
(g)
五氟磺草胺
Penoxsulam		 15 4.69 b 26.62 bc 6.21 abc 4.19 c 26.48 b 6.44 bc 4.34 a 24.07 ab 6.54 a
苄嘧磺隆
Bensulfuron methyl		 30 4.79 ab 26.87 b 6.68 ab 4.27 ab 26.34 bc 6.94 a 4.41 a 24.26 ab 6.50 a
吡嘧磺隆
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl		 15 4.80 ab 27.73 a 6.84 a 4.29 ab 27.09 a 7.02 a 4.45 a 24.68 a 6.41 a
对照药剂: 丙草胺
Control: Pretilachlor		 480 3.89 c 25.15 e 5.81 bc 3.96 d 25.95 d 6.14 d 3.95 a 23.81 b 6.23 a
清水附膜
Water mulching on film		 — 4.86 a 26.47 c 6.30 abc 4.36 a 26.17 cd 6.47 b 4.40 a 23.94 b 6.46 a
空白对照(不覆膜不附药)
Blank control		 — 4.79 ab 25.83 d 5.52 c 4.24 bc 25.55 e 6.20 cd 4.38 a 23.72 b 6.41 a

Table 3

Effects of herbidides mulching on bast fiber film on rice yield"

药剂处理
Treatment (g a.i. hm-2)		 2018 2019 2020
千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield
(kg hm-2)		 增产率
Growth rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield
(kg hm-2)		 增产率
Growth rate (%)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight (g)		 产量
Yield
(kg hm-2)		 增产率
Growth rate (%)
五氟磺草胺
Penoxsulam		 15 21.65 b 5596.50 a 0.57 ab 21.38 c 5568.45 ab 0.55 a 21.77 b 5724.20 bc 2.87 ab
苄嘧磺隆
Bensulfuron methyl		 30 21.90 a 5633.25 a 1.23 ab 21.90 a 5607.25 ab 1.25 a 22.01 a 5909.80 a 6.21 a
吡嘧磺隆
Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl		 15 21.60 b 5683.70 a 2.13 a 21.59 b 5632.50 a 1.70 a 21.69 bc 5852.50 ab 5.18 a
对照药剂: 丙草胺
Control: Pretilachlor		 480 21.21 c 5445.50 a -2.15 b 21.21 d 5565.40 ab 0.49 a 21.34 d 5779.00 ab 3.86 a
清水附膜
Water mulching on film		 — 21.54 b 5613.75 a 0.88 b 21.51 b 5555.80 ab 0.32 a 21.53 c 5581.45 c 0.31 b
空白对照(不覆膜不附药)
Blank control		 — 20.52 d 5565.05 a 21.28 d 5538.20 b 20.46 e 5564.30 c
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