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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 3179-3191.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13073

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• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Distribution and matching characteristics of light and nitrogen in maize canopy of high-density tolerance varieties

WANG Meng(), ZHOU Guang-Yuan(), GAO Ju-Lin(), YU Xiao-Fang, SUN Ji-Ying, HU Shu-Ping, QING Ge-Er, QU Jia-Wei, MA Da-Ling, WANG Zhi-Gang()   

  1. College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, Inner Mongolia, China
  • Received:2021-12-09 Accepted:2022-05-05 Online:2022-12-12 Published:2022-05-10
  • Contact: GAO Ju-Lin,WANG Zhi-Gang E-mail:imauwangmeng@163.com;imauzgy960125@163.com;imauwzg@163.com;nmgaojulin@163.com
  • About author:First author contact:

    **Contributed equally to this work

  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160507);Major Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2021SZD0012)

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Abstract:

To increase maize yield and efficiency through high-density planting with limited nitrogen input, it is necessary to further explore the potential of light-nitrogen matching utilization of dense-tolerant varieties. Revealing the spatial distribution and matching characteristics of light and nitrogen in canopy in canopy of different density-tolerant varieties, and their relationship with maize yield formation and nitrogen efficiency, is of guiding significance for exploring the reduction of maize yield and efficiency hierarchy differences. In this experiment, the conventional variety KH8 and the high-density tolerant variety MC670 were used as the experimental materials. The planting density was set at 82,500 plants hm-2 and the nitrogen application rate was 150 kg hm-2, systematic analysis of the different varieties of dense canopy light resistant nitrogen differences in spatial distribution and matching characteristics. The results showed that the transmittance of MC670 was 20.6% significantly higher than that of KH8. SLN (specific leaf nitrogen) of upper and middle leaves was significantly higher than that of lower leaves in both cultivars. The SLN of upper and middle leaves of MC670 was significantly higher than that of KH8, but the difference of lower leaves was not significant. The matching coefficients of light and nitrogen for KH8 and MC670 were 1.28 and 0.86, respectively. The difference between the matching coefficients of light and nitrogen for MC670 and the ideal value was small, indicating that the matching degree of light and nitrogen for MC670 was better than KH8. In conclusion, compared with the conventional varieties KH8, the canopy of high-density resistant varieties MC670 had lower extinction coefficient and higher nitrogen reduction coefficient, which made the canopy of high-density resistant varieties had a better light nitrogen matching degree. Meanwhile, the middle and upper canopy had higher ratio of light and nitrogen, photosynthetic productivity, and photosynthetic nitrogen ratio. This is an important physiological factor to achieve higher nitrogen physiological efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and high yield.

Key words: maize, canopy, photo-nitrogen matching, nitrogen use efficiency

Fig. 1

Canopy stratification during biomass sampling and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) measure"

Fig. 2

Canopy photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) distribution between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05. Arrow indicates the height of ear leaf."

Fig. 3

Light transmittance (I/I0) of maize cultivars between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05. Arrow indicates the height of ear leaf."

Fig. 4

Comparison of leaf areas in different canopy strata of maize cultivars between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 5

Dynamics of canopy photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) along with cumulative LAI with conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 6

Distribution of specific leaf nitrogen (SLN) in maize canopy between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 7

Dynamic of specific leaf nitrogen (SLN) along with cumulative LAI in maize canopy with conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 8

Relationship of specific leaf nitrogen (SLN) with cumulative LAI in maize canopy with conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 9

Variation of canopy specific leaf nitrogen (SLN) with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Table 1

Comparison of matching coefficient of light and nitrogen between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties"

年份
Year		 品种
Cultivar		 光分布模型
Light distribution model		 R2 KL 氮分布模型
Nitrogen distribution model		 R2 Kb KL/Kb
2018 KH8 Y=1614.64×e-0.4380X 0.9727 0.438 Y=2.58×e-0.3304X 0.9938 0.3304 1.326
MC670 Y=1728.80×e-0.4180X 0.9714 0.418 Y=3.26×e-0.5049X 0.9908 0.5049 0.828
2019 KH8 Y=1638.65×e-0.4820X 0.9954 0.482 Y=2.61×e-0.3897X 0.9703 0.3897 1.237
MC670 Y=1731.95×e-0.4480X 0.9801 0.448 Y=3.24×e-0.5054X 0.9678 0.5054 0.886

Fig. 10

Comparison of leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn) between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 11

Comparison of leaf photosynthetic nitrogen efficiency (PNUE) between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties tolerance Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 12

Comparison of canopy photosynthetic productivity between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Fig. 13

Comparison of leaf dry matter accumulation between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Table 2

Nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen component analysis of leaves of conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties (kg hm-2)"

叶片层位
Leaf level		 氮积累量
Nitrogen accumulation		 光合氮积累量
Photosynthetic nitrogen
accumulation		 基质氮积累量
Substrate nitrogen
accumulation		 结构氮积累量
Structural nitrogen
accumulation
KH8 MC670 KH8 MC670 KH8 MC670 KH8 MC670
上层叶片
Upper leaf		 39.2 Aa
38.2 Aa
13.4 Aa
14.5 Aa
12.7 Aa
13.1 Aa
12.9 Aa
10.8 Ba
中层叶片
Middle leaf		 33.8 Bb
40.3 Aa
11.3 Bb
14.9 Aa
10.6 Bb
12.9 Aa
11.8 Aa
12.5 Aa
下层叶片
Lower leaf		 20.7 Bc
29.9 Ab
6.1 Bc
9.6 Ab
6.2 Bc
8.9 Ab
8.4 Bc
11.3 Aa

Fig. 14

Percentage of nitrogen components in leaf nitrogen accumulation of conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties Different lowercase letters indicate that there is significant difference at P < 0.05."

Table 3

Comparison of yield and nitrogen efficiency between conventional and density-tolerant maize varieties"

年份
Year		 品种
Cultivar		 产量
Grain yield
(t hm-2)		 氮肥利用效率
N use efficiency
(kg kg-1)		 氮肥生理效率
N internal efficiency
(kg kg-1)		 氮肥吸收效率
N recovery efficiency
(kg kg-1)
2018 KH8 14.30 b 8.27 b 39.36 b 0.21 a
MC670 15.90 a 13.33 a 51.28 a 0.26 a
2019 KH8 13.24 b 8.67 b 31.73 b 0.27 a
MC670 14.90 a 12.93 a 45.19 a 0.29 a
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