不同氮肥水平下丛枝菌根真菌对玉米籽粒灌浆期磷和钾吸收的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13078

Abstract

Abstract:

Understanding the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on maize grain phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) absorption at grain filling stage with nitrogen (N) fertilizer input could provide a theoretical basis for the rational application of biological fertilizers in farmland and the improvement of nutrient uptake and utilization in farmland. Two factorial pot experiments were established during maize growth periods in Zhengzhou and Shangqiu. The two factors were N fertilizer rates (N1: 180 kg N hm^-2; N2: 270 kg N hm^-2), and mycorrhizae treatments (M0: no AMF inoculation; M1: AMF inoculation). Maize grain weight, plant biomass, root characteristics, plant P and K content and their accumulation were measured. Both N fertilizer rates and mycorrhizae significantly affected maize 100-kernel weight, grain-filling rate, root characteristics, plant P and K content, and their accumulation in Zhengzhou and Shangqiu, respectively. Grain P accumulation increased gradually at grain filling stage, while grain K accumulation increased first and then decreased. Compared with N1, 100-kernel weight and grain-filling rates for N2 treatment increased by 8.4% and 7.8%, and 58% and 79% for grain P and K accumulation in maize, respectively. Compared with M0 in maize, the presence of M1 in Zhengzhou and Shangqiu significantly increased 100-kernel weight, grain filling rates, grain P accumulation, and K accumulation under two N fertilizer conditions and the increases were higher in Shangqiu than Zhengzhou. Compared with M0, the presence of AMF for M1 treatment increased root length, root surface area, root volume, root diameter, and the number of root tips under the conditions of N1 or N2 input in both Zhengzhou and Shangqiu, respectively. In conclusion, the study showed that the presence of AMF could increase gain P and K accumulation and improve root absorption capacity, and increase the accumulation of P and K at maize grain filling stage, especially in lower nutrient area and lower nitrogen condition.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, grain filling stage, nitrogen fertilizer rate, nutrient absorption, root characteristics

TIAN Ming-Hui, YANG Shuo, DU Jia-Qi, ZHANG Chen-Xi, HE Tang-Qing, ZHANG Xue-Lin. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on phosphorus and potassium absorption at grain filling stage under different nitrogen fertilizer input in maize[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(12): 3166-3178.

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植株性状 Plant trait	氮肥用量 N fertilizer rate (N)		丛枝菌根真菌 Mycorrhizae (M)		氮肥用量×丛枝菌根真菌 N × M
植株性状 Plant trait	郑州Zhengzhou	商丘Shangqiu	郑州Zhengzhou	商丘 Shangqiu	郑州Zhengzhou	商丘Shangqiu
生物量Biomass (g plant^-1)
籽粒 Grain	93.3^***	1500.9^***	27.6^***	227.5^***	1.8	6.1^*
叶 Leaf	249.1^***	131.3^***	26.1^***	69.2^***	0	8.4^*
茎 Stem	403.8^***	0.9	98.6^***	190.8^***	1.1	30.9^***
根 Root	181.7^***	85.7^***	25.7^***	47.7^***	4.4	0.4
磷累积量P accumulation (mg plant^-1)
籽粒 Grain	66.4^***	145.4^***	41.0^**	26.3^***	3.8	0
叶 Leaf	11.0^**	3.9	8.2^*	20.8^**	0.2	1.4
茎 Stem	2.8	5.6^*	8.1^*	3.6	0.2	0.3
根 Root	7.3^*	4.3	2.9	19.3^**	0	3.9
钾累积量K accumulation (mg plant^-1)
籽粒 Grain	179.1^***	234.7^***	68.3^***	47.4^***	1.6	0.7
叶 Leaf	116.0^***	81.8^***	26.5^***	44.7^***	4.6	0
茎 Stem	52.5^***	71.7^***	10.3^**	19.0^**	0.1	0.2
根 Root	70.5^***	272.0^***	9.1^*	67.0^***	1.4	2.9
根系侵染率 Root colonization (%)	0.1	83.8^***	542.5^***	84,067.1^***	0	44.3^***

地点 Location	取样时间 Sampling time	处理 Treatment	根系侵染率 Root colonization (%)	根长 Root length (cm plant^-1)	根表面 Root surface area (cm² plant^-1)	根体积 Root volume (cm³ plant^-1)	根直径 Root diameter (mm plant^-1)	根尖数 Root tips
郑州 Zhengzhou	R1	N1M0	—	32,512±73 b	7920±14 c	113.6±0.5 a	0.70±0.001 a	138,719±400 c
		N1M1	—	31,131±191 c	8750±11 a	106.6±0.1 b	0.67±0.002 b	145,387±319 b
		N2M0	—	29,230±192 d	7976±26 c	101.3±0.2 c	0.68±0.002 b	135,043±204 d
		N2M1	—	34,560±229 a	8644±29 b	106.8±0.1 b	0.71±0.003 a	156,511±113 a
	R5	N1M0	5.1±2.5 c	54,224±311 c	7973±18 d	95.7±0.1 d	0.51±0.003 c	137,150±152 c
		N1M1	95.3±2.1 a	57,440±228 b	8508±34 c	99.2±0.3 c	0.55±0.005 b	139,509±679 c
		N2M0	14.3±2.3 b	58,024±434 b	10,795±50 b	131.8±0.4 b	0.54±0.002 b	201,404±2982 a
		N2M1	91.0±2.8 a	60,563±64 a	11,649±15 a	140.3±0.3 a	0.58±0.005 a	184,768±1664 b

商丘 Shangqiu	R1	N1M0	—	37,610±71 b	7075±8 c	93.6±0.3 a	0.57±0.004 a	100,900±426 c
		N1M1	—	37,983±101 c	7248±11 a	91.4±0.2 b	0.56±0.002 b	117,597±596 b
		N2M0	—	32,810±295 d	5906±22 c	87.8±0.4 c	0.59±0.001 b	87,988±292 d
		N2M1	—	34,006±299 a	6348±28 b	98.6±0.1 b	0.61±0.003 a	100,642±26 a
	R5	N1M0	12.1±4 b	26,072±165 c	5021±21 d	79.8±0.2 d	0.63±0.001 c	80,854±757 c
		N1M1	85.0±4.6 a	32,894±138 b	6278±10 c	99.1±0.2 c	0.63±0.007 b	106,007±690 c
		N2M0	22.3±3.6 b	32,037±144 b	6081±29 b	96.3±0.7 b	0.63±0.003 b	103,627±796 a
		N2M1	79.1±3.9 a	33,328±185 a	6241±21 a	103.5±1.0 a	0.66±0.007 a	92,706±148 b

器官 Plant organ	参数 Parameter	粒重 Grain weight (g plant^-1)		籽粒磷累积量 Grain P accumulation (mg plant^-1)		籽粒钾累积量 Grain K accumulation (mg plant^-1)
器官 Plant organ	参数 Parameter	郑州 Zhengzhou	商丘 Shangqiu	郑州 Zhengzhou	商丘 Shangqiu	郑州 Zhengzhou	商丘 Shangqiu
籽粒Grain	百粒重 100-grain weight (g)	0.946^**	0.637^**	0.917^**	0.638^**	0.965^**	0.661^**
籽粒Grain	灌浆速率 Grain-filling rate (g d^-1 100-kernel^-1)	0.808^**	0.683^**	0.727^**	0.685^**	0.811^**	0.695^**
根系Root	侵染率 Root colonization (%)	0.445	0.388	0.586^*	0.406	0.513^*	0.428
	根长Length (cm plant^-1)	0.797^**	0.096	0.877^**	0.137	0.825^**	0.143
	根表面积Surface area (cm² plant^-1)	0.977^**	-0.115	0.938^**	-0.074	0.962^**	-0.066
	根直径Diameter (mm plant^-1)	0.909^**	0.794^**	0.832^**	0.792^**	0.894^**	0.811^**
	根体积 Volume (cm³ plant^-1)	0.895^**	0.815^**	0.927^**	0.825^**	0.854^**	0.845^**
	根尖数Tips	0.876^**	-0.126	0.792^**	-0.055	0.880^**	-0.073

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on phosphorus and potassium absorption at grain filling stage under different nitrogen fertilizer input in maize

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