作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (02): 159-168.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00159
• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 下一篇
李玉刚1,**, 任民2,**, 孙绿1,3, 王圣健1, 韩梅1,3, 李振清1, 翟晓灵1, 代小雁4, 侯元江4,*(), 盖红梅1,*()
Yu-Gang LI1,**, Min REN2,**, Lv SUN1,3, Sheng-Jian WANG1, Mei HAN1,3, Zhen-Qing LI1, Xiao-Ling ZHAI1, Xiao-Yan DAI4, Yuan-Jiang HOU4,*(), Hong-Mei GE1,*()
摘要:
鲁麦14既是大面积推广品种, 又是育种骨干亲本, 衍生了40多个品种, 其中青农2号(鲁麦14/烟农15//矮秆麦)是近年审定的小麦品种。本研究利用350个SSR标记和小麦90k芯片检测的26 026个SNP标记, 解析了鲁麦14对青农2号的遗传贡献。鲁麦14和烟农15分别含有1/4和1/2蚰包麦血统, 基因组分子标记分析结果显示, 这两个品种有55.42%的SSR位点一致, 而SNP位点一致性高达71.53%。选择亲本间差异位点, 分析鲁麦14和烟农15对青农2号的遗传贡献, 结果表明鲁麦14对青农2号的贡献大于烟农15, 青农2号与亲本鲁麦14、烟农15分子标记的一致性, SSR标记分别为54.11%和36.30%, SNP标记分别为72.55%和26.98%。依据高通量SNP标记结果, 从染色体水平看, 烟农15贡献率超过50%的染色体有2B、3B和6A; 而鲁麦14在除此之外的18条染色体的遗传贡献率大于50%。青农2号遗传组成图谱揭示了遗传物质多以较大染色体片段形式从亲本传递至子代。对亲本和子代进行多年多点的农艺性状调查, 发现青农2号的旗叶长、旗叶宽、穗下节间长、穗叶距、抽穗度等株型相关性状及千粒重、粒长等产量相关性状与鲁麦14相近, 株高、生育期等性状与烟农15相近。本文从分子层面解析育种亲本对子代的遗传贡献, 为分子标记辅助育种提供了依据和理论基础。
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