作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 920-929.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14065
张霞(), 于卓, 金兴红, 于肖夏*(), 李景伟, 李佳奇
ZHANG Xia(), YU Zhuo, JIN Xing-Hong, YU Xiao-Xia*(), LI Jing-Wei, LI Jia-Qi
摘要:
彩色马铃薯较普通栽培马铃薯具有更丰富的营养物质, 特别是富含抗氧化物质花青素, 是近年来育种家研究的焦点。迄今为止开发的马铃薯SSR引物数量有限, 特别是彩薯相关的SSR引物。本研究基于马铃薯全基因组序列利用MISA软件对SSR位点进行了分析。研究发现, 在马铃薯全基因组序列中共获得218,997个SSR位点, 平均3.39 kb出现一个SSR位点。单核苷酸是主要重复类型, 占总SSR的62.05%, 其次是二核苷酸和三核苷酸, 所占比例为22.39%和13.11%。6种核苷酸类型的重复次数分布在5~746次, 以5~10次为主, 占总SSR的60.9%。在检测到的全部SSR中, 共获得215种基元类型, 除六核苷酸重复类型外, 其他5种核苷酸重复类型的优势基元均以含有A/T-的基序为主。SSR基序长度主要分布在12~20 bp之间, 占全部SSR的43.19%。通过Primer 5共设计出100对SSR引物, 利用彩薯双亲的DNA初步筛选出48对可以扩增出条带的引物, 有效扩增率达48%。进一步验证引物的有效性, 随机选择F2群体的6个单株进行PCR扩增, 筛选出条带清晰稳定, 多态性较高的引物26对, 平均多态性比率为72.52%。本研究结果表明马铃薯全基因组SSR位点数量丰富、类型多样, 具有中等的多态性。开发的引物多态性较高, 可用于彩色马铃薯SSR标记的开发, 遗传多样性分析和指纹图谱构建等方面的研究, 为进一步挖掘花青素含量相关基因提供科学依据。
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