作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 1468-1477.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.91012
白彦明1,2,李龙2,王绘艳1,2,柳玉平2,王景一2,毛新国2,昌小平2,孙黛珍1,*(),景蕊莲2,*()
BAI Yan-Ming1,2,LI Long2,WANG Hui-Yan1,2,LIU Yu-Ping2,WANG Jing-Yi2,MAO Xin-Guo2,CHANG Xiao-Ping2,SUN Dai-Zhen1,*(),JING Rui-Lian2,*()
摘要:
陕西关中蚂蚱麦和山西平遥小白麦是我国北方小麦品种的原始骨干亲本, 解析蚂蚱麦和小白麦及其衍生系的遗传多样性对于小麦品种改良具有重要的参考意义。本研究利用小麦660K SNP芯片对蚂蚱麦、小白麦及其衍生品种(系)进行全基因组扫描, 分析其遗传多样性。结果表明, 小麦3个基因组的多态性SNP标记数为B>A>D, 第4同源群的多态性标记数最少, 149份供试材料基因多样性(H)范围为0.095~0.500, 平均值为0.336; 核苷酸多样性指数(π)范围为0.272~0.435, 平均值为0.340; 而遗传相似系数(GS)变幅为0.335~0.997, 平均值达0.619, 表明蚂蚱麦和小白麦衍生系的遗传多样性较低。聚类分析表明蚂蚱麦和小白麦紧密地聚在亚群I, 其衍生品种(系)分为5个亚群, 其中2000年以前以蚂蚱麦或小白麦的单一衍生系为主, 分在亚群I、II、III, 2000年以后多数品种同时拥有蚂蚱麦和小白麦血缘, 分在亚群IV、V, 遗传多样性较高, 且与大面积推广品种聚为一类。因此, 应加强优异基因资源导入, 拓宽小麦品种的遗传基础, 最终提高育种水平。
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