作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 1119-1127.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84128
贾小平1,*(),全建章2,王永芳2,董志平2,袁玺垒1,张博1,李剑峰1
JIA Xiao-Ping1,*(),QUAN Jian-Zhang2,WANG Yong-Fang2,DONG Zhi-Ping2,YUAN Xi-Lei1,ZHANG Bo1,LI Jian-Feng1
摘要:
本研究连续2年在短日照(海南)、中等日照(河南)、长日照(吉林) 3个不同光周期环境调查160份谷子资源的抽穗期、株高、叶片数、穗长、穗粗、穗码数、码粒数、穗重、穗粒重、千粒重10个主要性状, 利用SPSS 19.0软件进行多因素方差分析及多重比较, 揭示光周期对谷子各性状的影响, 评价160份谷子资源对光周期的敏感性。结果表明, 3个不同光周期环境间谷子株高、叶片数、穗长、穗码数、抽穗期、穗粗、穗重、穗粒重、码粒数9个性状均表现出极显著差异(P<0.01), 千粒重表现出显著差异(P<0.05)。株高、叶片数、穗长、穗码数、抽穗期5个性状随着日照的延长呈现出递增趋势。品种对谷子的10个性状有极显著影响(P<0.01), 年份对千粒重以外的9个性状有极显著影响(P<0.01)。光周期与品种互作效应对10个性状均有极显著影响(P<0.01), 光周期与年份互作效应对抽穗期以外的9个性状有极显著影响(P<0.01), 年份与品种互作效应对株高、叶片数、穗长、穗粗、穗重、穗粒重、穗码数、码粒数8个性状有极显著影响(P<0.01)。160份谷子资源中对光周期表现中、低敏感性的材料没有明显的地域特性, 而对光周期表现强敏感性的材料主要是来自春谷区的农家品种。筛选出光周期极不敏感材料小早谷和极端敏感材料呼和浩特大毛谷、然谷、红钙谷、茄谷、二白谷等, 为选育谷子光周期钝感品种及开展光周期敏感性形成机理研究奠定了基础。
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