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作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 1128-1135.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84117

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

甜菜碱对盐碱胁迫下海岛棉幼苗光合作用及生物量积累的影响

严青青,张巨松(),代健敏,窦巧巧   

  1. 新疆农业大学农学院 / 教育部棉花工程研究中心, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-26 接受日期:2019-01-19 出版日期:2019-07-12 网络出版日期:2019-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 张巨松
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 1359055572@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101605-05);新疆研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2017070)

Effects of glycinebetain on photosynthesis and biomass accumulation of island cotton seedlings under saline alkali stress

YAN Qing-Qing,ZHANG Ju-Song(),DAI Jian-Min,DOU Qiao-Qiao   

  1. Agriculture College, Xinjiang Agricultural University / Research Center of Cotton Engineering, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2018-08-26 Accepted:2019-01-19 Published:2019-07-12 Published online:2019-03-26
  • Contact: Ju-Song ZHANG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0101605-05);Xinjiang Graduate Research and Innovation Project(XJGRI2017070)

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摘要：

研究盐碱胁迫下甜菜碱对海岛棉幼苗光合作用和生物量积累的影响, 及在生长发育中的作用, 为其在海岛棉抗盐碱栽培生产中的应用提供参考。本研究采用三因素随机区组试验设计, 以新海35号和新海48号为试材, 盐碱浓度为0、120、180、240 mmol L -1, 甜菜碱浓度为0、30、60 mmol L -1。随着盐碱浓度升高, 2种海岛棉幼苗株高、叶片净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、植株鲜重及干重积累均呈显著下降趋势, 喷施甜菜碱后海岛棉幼苗生长发育、光合特性及生物量积累均有不同程度的提高; 同一盐碱浓度下, 随着甜菜碱浓度升高, 海岛棉幼苗各项指标均先升高后降低, 且30 mmol L -1>60 mmol L -1>0 mmol L -1, 30 mmol L -1与60 mmol L -1甜菜碱浓度之间无显著差异; 同一甜菜碱浓度下, 随着盐碱浓度的升高, 对海岛棉幼苗各项指标的促进作用均表现为持续下降趋势, 在盐碱浓度120 mmol L -1下, 喷施30 mmol L -1甜菜碱对提高海岛棉光合气体参数具有显著效果, 进而提高了海岛棉幼苗株高及增加了生物量积累; 新海35号较新海48号的促进作用更为明显。因此, 在盐碱地(0~120 mmol L -1)栽培中, 叶面喷施甜菜碱(30 mmol L -1)对海岛棉生长发育及光合作用具有显著改善作用。

关键词: 海岛棉, 盐碱胁迫, 甜菜碱, 光合特性, 生物量

Abstract:

Xinhai 35 and Xinhai 48 varieties were used to study the effects of glycinebetain on photosynthesis, biomass accumulation and the role in the growth and development of sea island cotton seedlings under salt alkali stress, which will provide a reference for the application of glycinebetain in the salt alkali cultivation of island cotton. The concentration of saline alkali was 0, 120, 180, 240 mmol L -1, and the concentration of glycinebetain was 0, 30, 60 mmol L -1. With the increase of saline alkali concentration, island cotton seedling plant height, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), plant fresh and dry weight accumulation showed a significant downward trend, but after glycinebetain spraying, the growth, photosynthesis and biomass accumulation of sea island cotton seedlings were improved in different degrees. Under the same saline alkali concentration, the above indices of island cotton seedlings increased first and then decreased with the increase of glycinebetain concentration. Under the same glycinebetain concentration, the promotion degree of each index of island cotton seedlings showed a continuous downward trend with the increase of salinity and alkali concentration. Under 120 mmol L -1 saline-alkali concentration, spraying 30 mmol L -1 glycinebetain had a significant effect on improving the photosynthetic performance, thereby increasing the plant height and biomass accumulation of island cotton seedlings, which was more effective in Xinhai 35 than in Xinhai 48. Therefore, in the cultivation of saline alkali soil (0-120 mmol L -1), foliar application of glycinebetain (30 mmol L -1) can significantly improve the growth and photosynthesis of island cotton.

Key words: island cotton, saline alkali stress, glycinebetain, photosynthesis, biomass accumulation

图1

不同处理对海岛棉幼苗株高的影响 标以不同字母的柱值在P < 0.05水平下差异显著。"

图2

不同处理对海岛棉幼苗光合气体参数的影响 标以不同字母的柱值在P < 0.05水平下差异显著。"

表1

不同处理对海岛棉幼苗植株鲜重积累的影响"

品种
Variety		 盐碱浓度
Salt and alkali concentration (mmol L-1)		 甜菜碱浓度
Betaine concentration
(mmol L-1)		 茎叶鲜重
Stem and leaf fresh weight (mg)		 根鲜重
Root fresh weight
(mg)		 总鲜重
Total fresh weight
(mg)
新海35号 0 0 7.89±0.17 a 1.98±0.12 a 9.87±0.28 a
Xinhai 35 120 0 6.96±0.17 de 1.73±0.01 cd 8.70±0.18 c
30 7.57±0.12 abc 1.86±0.03 ab 9.43±0.14 ab
60 7.38±0.03 bcd 1.82±0.04 bc 9.21±0.06 bc
180 0 5.73±0.24 hi 1.42±0.01 h 7.16±0.24 e
30 6.22±0.18 fg 1.52±0.01 fgh 7.74±0.20 d
60 6.01±0.19 gh 1.47±0.05 gh 7.48±0.22 de
240 0 3.44±0.22 k 1.10±0.05 i 4.54±0.27 g
30 3.65±0.19 k 1.18±0.03 i 4.83±0.16 g
60 3.49±0.02 k 1.12±0.01 i 4.61±0.01 g
品种
Variety		 盐碱浓度
Salt and alkali concentration (mmol L-1)		 甜菜碱浓度
Betaine concentration
(mmol L-1)		 茎叶鲜重
Stem and leaf fresh weight (mg)		 根鲜重
Root fresh weight
(mg)		 总鲜重
Total fresh weight
(mg)
新海48号 0 0 7.75±0.14 ab 1.67±0.06 de 9.42±0.20 ab
Xinhai 48 120 0 6.54±0.10 ef 1.45±0.06 gh 7.99±0.07 d
30 7.35±0.08 bcd 1.64±0.02 def 8.99±0.06 bc
60 7.11±0.18 cd 1.57±0.05 efg 8.68±0.21 c
180 0 5.10±0.19 j 1.04±0.01 i 6.14±0.19 f
30 5.50±0.07 ij 1.12±0.03 i 6.62±0.07 f
60 5.24±0.10 j 1.06±0.02 i 6.30±0.10 f
240 0 2.59±0.18 l 0.59±0.01 j 3.19±0.18 h
30 2.63±0.17 l 0.62±0.02 j 3.24±0.18 h
60 2.46±0.20 l 0.52±0.06 j 2.98±0.24 h

表2

不同处理对海岛棉干物质积累的影响"

品种
Variety		 盐碱浓度
Salt and alkali concentration (mmol L-1)		 甜菜碱浓度
Betaine concentration (mmol L-1)		 茎叶干重
Stem and leaf dry weight (mg)		 根干重
Root dry weight
(mg)		 总干重
Total dry weight
(mg)
新海35号 0 0 0.97±0.01 a 0.19±0.01 a 1.16±0.02 a
Xinhai 35 120 0 0.74±0.03 d 0.14±0.00 cde 0.88±0.03 e
30 0.88±0.01 b 0.17±0.01 b 1.05±0.01 b
60 0.83±0.01 bc 0.15±0.00 cd 0.98±0.01 c
180 0 0.54±0.01 g 0.11±0.00 f 0.66±0.01 h
30 0.68±0.01 e 0.13±0.00 de 0.81±0.01 f
60 0.61±0.01 f 0.12±0.01 ef 0.74±0.01 g
240 0 0.33±0.04 i 0.08±0.01 gh 0.41±0.04 k
30 0.41±0.01 h 0.09±0.00 g 0.51±0.01 i
60 0.37±0.01 hi 0.06±0.00 i 0.43±0.01 jk
新海48号 0 0 0.86±0.01 b 0.15±0.00 c 1.01±0.01 bc
Xinhai 48 120 0 0.79±0.02 c 0.12±0.00 ef 0.92±0.02 de
30 0.85±0.04 b 0.14±0.00 cde 0.99±0.04 c
60 0.84±0.02 bc 0.13±0.01 de 0.97±0.01 cd
180 0 0.39±0.02 h 0.08±0.00 gh 0.46±0.02 ijk
30 0.43±0.00 h 0.09±0.00 g 0.52±0.00 i
60 0.42±0.00 h 0.07±0.00 hi 0.49±0.00 ij
240 0 0.15±0.00 j 0.02±0.00 jk 0.17±0.00 l
30 0.19±0.01 j 0.03±0.00 j 0.21±0.01 l
60 0.15±0.01 j 0.01±0.00 k 0.16±0.01 l
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