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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12): 2490-2500.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04246

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源茉莉酸对菊芋镉胁迫下光合特性及镉积累的影响

张云1(), 王丹媚1, 王孝源1, 任晴雯1, 唐可1, 张丽宇1, 吴玉环2,3, 刘鹏1,*()   

  1. 1浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院, 浙江金华 321004
    2杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院, 浙江杭州 310036
    3中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 辽宁沈阳 110016
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-13 接受日期:2021-03-19 出版日期:2021-12-12 网络出版日期:2021-09-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘鹏
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 1139083486@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32001224);国家自然科学基金项目(41571049)

Effects of exogenous jasmonic acid on photosynthetic characteristics and cadmium accumulation of Helianthus tuberosus L. under cadmium stress

ZHANG Yun1(), WANG Dan-Mei1, WANG Xiao-Yuan1, REN Qing-Wen1, TANG Ke1, ZHANG Li-Yu1, WU Yu-Huan2,3, LIU Peng1,*()   

  1. 1College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University / Botany Laboratory, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China
    2College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, Zhejiang, China
    3Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2020-11-13 Accepted:2021-03-19 Published:2021-12-12 Published online:2021-09-29
  • Contact: LIU Peng
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001224);National Natural Science Foundation of China(41571049)

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摘要：

镉(Cadmium, Cd)是一种有毒污染物, 揭示外源茉莉酸(jasmonic acid, JA)对菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus L.)镉胁迫下光合特性及镉积累的影响, 为解决土壤重金属问题提供实践依据。以耐镉性强的榆林菊芋和耐镉性弱的成都菊芋为材料, 采用土培盆栽, 设置低、中、高3个镉浓度(75、150、300 mg kg-1), 叶面喷施25 μmol L-1 JA, 探究其对不同程度镉污染的缓解效果。结果表明, JA缓解后, 成都菊芋株高在低镉组出现最大值, 为CK组的1.26倍, 榆林菊芋株高变化较小, 二者的叶面积、根长和干重均呈上升趋势。此外, 榆林菊芋的叶绿素含量在低镉组第7天最大, 为胁迫组的1.27倍, 成都菊芋第21天才达到峰值。二者的初始荧光(F0)恢复正常, PSII最大光能转化效率(Fv/Fm)大幅提升, 光化学淬灭系数(qP)和电子传递速率(ETR)增加, 非光化学淬灭系数(qN)下降至对照水平。并且净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)及蒸腾速率(Tr)均呈上升曲线, 胞间CO2浓度(Ci)减小。各器官镉含量大小为根>叶>茎, 除茎部外其余组织生物富集系数都大于1, 转移系数小于1, 通过激光共聚焦显微观察发现气孔周围镉离子大量减少。综上, 施加外源JA能够提高菊芋的叶绿素含量, 保护叶绿体结构免遭破坏, 净光合速率及光合碳同化效率提升, 增加了干物质的积累, 增强植株抗镉性。JA信号减少了镉的吸收和转移, 减轻了镉毒胁迫, 这为种植菊芋修复土壤镉污染提供理论指导。

关键词: 菊芋, 茉莉酸, 镉胁迫, 光合特性, 镉积累

Abstract:

Revealing the effects of exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) on the photosynthetic characteristics and Cadmium (Cd), a toxic pollutant, accumulation in Helianthus tuberosus L. under Cd stress can provide a practical basis for remedying soil heavy metal contamination. In this study, seedlings from Yulin (with strong Cd-tolerance) and Chengdu Helianthus tuberosus cultivars (with weak Cd-tolerance) were selected for pot culture experiments. These seedlings were treated with 25 μmol L-1 JA by foliar application to explore the alleviation effects of exogenous jasmonic acid under different degrees of Cd stress, with concentrations of low, medium, and high levels (75, 150, and 300 mg kg-1). The results showed that compared with other groups, JA had improved the height of Chengdu seedlings under the low Cd stress group, which was 1.26 times higher than that in CK group and reached to its maximum. But the height of Yulin seedlings did not change to a great extent. In addition, the leaf area, root length, and dry weight of both groups allexhibited an upward trend. The chlorophyll content (SPAD value) of Yulin seedlings had reached the maximum value on the 7th day in JA relieved low Cd group, which was 1.27 times of Cd stress group, and Chengdu seedlings had cost 21 days to reach its peak value under the same conditions. Beyond that, the initial fluorescence (F0) of each Cd group almost reduced to normal level, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) rised up significantly, the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and the electron transfer rate (ETR) increased obviously, but the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) decreased to CK group level. At the same time, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), and transpiration rate (Tr) had maintained upward trends, but the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) had decreased. The concentrations of Cd in each organ of these Helianthus tuberosus cultivars under the stress groups were in the order of root > leaf > stem. Except stem, the bioconcentration factors (BCF) of other tissues were all more than one, and the translocation factors (TF) were less than one. Through the laser confocal microscope, the fluorescence signal of Cd ions around the stomata was significantly faded. In conclusion, exogenous JA could increase the content of chlorophyll and prevent the structure of chloroplast from being damaged. The net photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic carbon assimilation efficiency were enhanced, which had increased the accumulation of dry matter and had improved the resistance of seedlings to Cd stress. JA signal had reduced the absorption and transportation of cadmium, which alleviated the Cd toxicity to the plants. This study provides the theoretical basis for planting Helianthus tuberosus to repair cadmium contaminated soil.

Key words: Helianthus tuberosus L., jasmonic acid, cadmium stress, photosynthetic characteristics, cadmium accumulation

表1

外源JA对镉胁迫下菊芋生长特性的影响"

品种
Cultivar		 处理组
Treatment		 株高
Plant height (cm)		 叶面积
Leaf area (cm2)		 根长
Root length (cm)		 干重
Dry weight (g)
成都菊芋
Chengdu
artichoke		 CK 17.40±0.38 bc 13.40±0.28 c 24.23±0.24 c 5.98±0.84 b
JA 19.63±0.34 ab 15.39±0.69 b 28.33±0.67 b 7.37±1.41 a
75Cd 18.63±0.33 b 15.87±0.97 b 33.50±0.95 ab 6.00±0.32 b
150Cd 15.59±0.71 c 15.17±0.99 bc 24.06±0.73 c 5.84±0.67 b
300Cd 13.13±0.35 d 14.14±0.69 c 23.60±1.04 c 4.98±0.15 b
75Cd+JA 21.86±0.13 a 16.45±0.54 ab 35.16±0.78 a 7.24±0.02 ab
150Cd+JA 19.93±0.93 ab 17.48±0.64 a 30.13±0.87 b 6.81±0.95 ab
300Cd+JA 16.23±0.81 bc 15.65±0.53 b 28.26±0.46 b 6.27±0.13 ab
榆林菊芋
Yulin
artichoke		 CK 19.40±0.69 a 18.50±0.62 b 28.00±0.62 bc 8.91±0.77 ab
JA 21.20±0.85 a 18.69±0.63 b 29.70±0.35 abc 9.66±1.51 a
75Cd 19.30±1.02 a 17.07±0.29 c 30.40±0.18 abc 8.64±1.47 ab
150Cd 18.23±0.42 ab 18.93±1.49 a 27.83±0.57 cd 7.33±0.44 bc
300Cd 16.40±0.60 b 17.65±0.91 bc 26.80±0.46 cd 6.94±0.09 bc
75Cd+JA 20.96±0.95 a 18.80±0.51 ab 38.36±0.06 ab 9.98±0.33 a
150Cd+JA 18.46±0.33 ab 20.11±0.35 a 35.46±0.46 ab 8.47±0.58 ab
300Cd+JA 16.70±0.30 ab 17.88±0.58 b 30.90±0.58 abc 8.01±0.79 b

图1

外源JA对成都菊芋和榆林菊芋SPAD值的影响 误差线表示标准差。不同小写字母表示同一生育期内处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。处理同表1。"

表2

外源JA对菊芋镉胁迫下叶绿素荧光参数的影响"

品种
Cultivar		 处理组
Treatment		 初始荧光
Fo		 PSII最大光化学量子产量Fv/Fm 光化学淬灭
系数qP		 非光化学淬灭
系数qN		 电子传递
速率ETR
成都菊芋
Chengdu
artichoke		 CK 0.177±0.016 b 0.813±0.0073 bc 0.697±0.971 ab 0.417±0.010 de 15.867±0.330 a
JA 0.180±0.004 b 0.828±0.005 a 0.738±0.059 a 0.404±0.020 de 15.784±0.498 a
75Cd 0.217±0.201 ab 0.806±0.003 c 0.529±0.036 c 0.484±0.027 c 11.400±0.252 c
150Cd 0.271±0.007 ab 0.765±0.006 d 0.481±0.013 c 0.525±0.005 b 13.333±1.506 b
300Cd 0.339±0.021 a 0.683±0.009 e 0.442±0.010 d 0.647±0.020 a 10.900±0.500 c
75Cd+JA 0.190±0.024 b 0.825±0.003 ab 0.626±0.031 b 0.432±0.012 d 13.260±0.460 b
150Cd+JA 0.199±0.010 b 0.817±0.002 b 0.534±0.055 c 0.414±0.026 de 14.067±0.811 b
300Cd+JA 0.201±0.038 b 0.814±0.006 bc 0.532±0.036 c 0.396±0.030 e 13.006±0.575 b
榆林菊芋
Yulin
artichoke		 CK 0.229±0.042 b 0.816±0.004 b 0.661±0.059 a 0.509±0.028 d 22.400±1.400 a
JA 0.210±0.201 b 0.826±0.001 a 0.647±0.008 ab 0.587±0.011 c 20.733±0.607 ab
75Cd 0.261±0.015 ab 0.815±0.004 b 0.605±0.021 b 0.619±0.028 bc 19.140±0.748 b
150Cd 0.309±0.010 ab 0.802±0.006 c 0.563±0.049 b 0.687±0.011 ab 20.530±1.809 ab
300Cd 0.383±0.004 a 0.738±0.009 d 0.502±0.023 c 0.714±0.020 a 18.611±0.966 b
75Cd+JA 0.191±0.095 b 0.824±0.005 a 0.646±0.010 ab 0.544±0.026 cd 20.630±1.213 ab
150Cd+JA 0.224±0.024 b 0.820±0.004 ab 0.638±0.022 ab 0.581±0.038 c 22.180±1.139 a
300Cd+JA 0.282±0.014 ab 0.815±0.005 b 0.631±0.020 ab 0.656±0.058 b 21.460±0.650 a

图2

外源JA对成都菊芋和榆林菊芋镉胁迫下气体交换参数的影响 误差线表示标准差。不同小写字母表示同一生育期内处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。处理同表1。"

表3

外源JA对菊芋根茎叶中镉含量的影响"

品种
Cultivar		 处理组
Treatment		 器官镉含量
Organ cadmium content (mg kg-1)		 生物富集系数
Biological concentration factor		 转移系数
Translocation factor (%)
根
Root		 茎
Stem		 叶
Leaf		 根
Root		 茎
Stem		 叶
Leaf
成都菊芋
Chengdu
artichoke		 75Cd 263.53±35.42 e 92.17±3.01 d 112.06±13.01 e 3.51±0.47 b 1.23±0.04 b 1.49±0.17 c 0.43±0.15 ab
150Cd 516.58±26.61 c 184.77±5.16 b 317.83±5.03 b 3.44±0.18 b 1.96±0.03 b 2.12±0.03 b 0.62±0.23 a
300Cd 1343.41±42.54 a 413.73±8.34 a 725.16±3.05 a 4.48±0.14 a 1.38±0.03 a 2.42±0.01 a 0.54±0.03 ab
75Cd+JA 182.96±11.33 f 41.45±2.04 e 62.38±2.04 f 2.44±0.15 d 0.55±0.03 c 0.83±0.03 e 0.34±0.21 b
150Cd+JA 356.66±21.53 d 83.87±2.05 d 156.48±7.35 d 2.38±0.14 d 0.56±0.01 c 1.04±0.05 d 0.44±0.07 ab
300Cd+JA 867.79±30.18 b 124.94±6.47 c 438.56±14.10 c 2.89±0.10 c 0.42±0.02 d 1.46±0.05 c 0.51±0.14 ab
榆林菊芋
Yulin
artichoke		 75Cd 947.25±22.45 c 201.83±4.03 d 312.69±3.01 c 12.63±0.30 b 2.69±0.05 a 4.17±0.19 c 0.33±0.02 b
150Cd 1786.47±41.71 b 378.20±7.13 b 720.99±5.45 b 11.91±0.28 c 2.52±0.05 b 4.81±0.04 a 0.40±0.24 ab
300Cd 5213.37±53.19 a 413.97±5.04 a 1328.56±2.45 a 17.38±0.18 a 1.38±0.02 c 4.43±0.01 b 0.25±0.02 b
75Cd+JA 320.31±24.41 e 57.94±3.02 f 82.92±4.26 f 4.27±0.33 d 0.77±0.04 d 1.11±0.06 f 0.26±0.05 b
150Cd+JA 560.99±20.71 d 104.03±6.27 e 325.77±11.19 d 3.74±0.14 e 0.69±0.04 e 2.17±0.07 d 0.58±0.11 a
300Cd+JA 895.69±21.09 c 235.48±2.02 c 410.48±3.47 c 2.99±0.07 f 0.78±0.01 d 1.37±0.01 e 0.46±0.06 ab

图3

外源JA对菊芋叶片中镉离子分布的影响 处理同表1。"

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