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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (8): 1531-1539.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04203

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蔗新品种(系)苗期白条病人工接种抗性鉴定与评价

傅华英1(), 张婷1(), 彭文静2, 段瑶瑶1, 许哲昕1, 林艺华1, 高三基1,*()   

  1. 1福建农林大学国家甘蔗工程技术研究中心, 福建福州 350002
    2福建农林大学农学院, 福建福州 350002
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-04 接受日期:2020-12-01 出版日期:2021-08-12 网络出版日期:2020-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 高三基
  • 作者简介:傅华英, E-mail: mddzyfhy@163.com;|张婷, E-mail: Zhang_970907@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设专项(CARS-170302);国家甘蔗工程技术研究中心开放课题(2017.3.2)

Identification of resistance to leaf scald in newly released sugarcane varieties at seedling stage by artificial inoculation

FU Hua-Ying1(), ZHANG Ting1(), PENG Wen-Jing2, DUAN Yao-Yao1, XU Zhe-Xin1, LIN Yi-Hua1, GAO San-Ji1,*()   

  1. 1National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
    2College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
  • Received:2020-09-04 Accepted:2020-12-01 Published:2021-08-12 Published online:2020-12-29
  • Contact: GAO San-Ji
  • Supported by:
    Earmarked Fund for the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-170302);Open Project Fund of National Sugarcane Engineering Technology Research Center(2017.3.2)

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摘要：

由白条黄单胞杆菌(Xanthomonas albilineans)引起的甘蔗白条病是甘蔗生产中的重要细菌性病害之一,选用抗病品种是甘蔗白条病防控最经济、最有效的措施。为明确国内甘蔗新品种(系)对白条病菌的抗性水平, 本研究选用抗白条病品种LCP 85-384和感白条病品种新台糖20号为对照种, 对我国各育种单位新选育的49个甘蔗新品种(系)进行苗期人工接种抗白条病鉴定。研究结果显示, 从白条病菌Xa-FJ1菌液接种后第7天开始, 随着时间的推移, 甘蔗品种白条病病情指数不断提高, 到接种后21~28 d时, 各品系的病情指数进入平稳增长时期。对接种后的病叶进行病原菌分离和叶片总DNA的提取, 利用甘蔗白条病菌特异性引物XAF1/XAR1进行PCR检测和鉴定, 结果证实白条病菌Xa-FJ1通过人工接种方式成功侵染供试材料。基于病情指数评价甘蔗抗病性水平, 将51份供试材料划分为抗、中抗、感、高感4个不同抗病等级。抗病至中抗水平的品种(系)有19份, 占37.3%, 其中抗病等级只有3份, 分别为粤甘50、福农09-7111和中蔗10号; 感病至高感水平的品种(系)有32份, 占62.7%。上述抗性鉴定结果表明, 本研究参试国内新选育的甘蔗品种(系)苗期对白条病的抗性水平没有达到高抗的品种(系), 建议加强甘蔗白条病抗病基因资源的挖掘和利用。

关键词: 甘蔗, 新品种(系), 白条病, 白条黄单胞杆菌, 抗病性鉴定

Abstract:

Sugarcane leaf scald caused by the pathogen of Xanthomonas albilineans is one of important bacterial diseases. The utilization of sugarcane resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure for control of this disease. In this study, to identify the level of resistance to leaf scald for domestic sugarcane varieties, a total of 49 newly-released sugarcane varieties from different sugarcane breeding institutions in China were identified upon 3-5 fully expanding leaf stage by artificial inoculation with Xa-FJ1 strain. The leaf scald resistant variety LCP 85-384 and the leaf scald susceptible variety ROC20 were used as controls. Our results indicated that the disease indexes of these varieties were continually increased from the 7th day post-inoculation (dpi), while the disease indexes reached a steady plateau at 21-28 dpi. These re-isolated pathogenic bacteria in leaf tissues of the inoculated plants were detected by PCR assay with the XAF1/XAR1 primers specific to X. albilineans. PCR results confirmed that the pathogen Xa-FJ1 was successfully infected with all the tested varieties after inoculation. Based on the disease indexes, 51 sugarcane varieties were divided into four different groups, resistant, medium resistant, susceptible, and high susceptible grades. Of all the tested varieties, 37.3% (19/51) varieties were resistant or medium resistant to leaf scald, among which only three varieties (Yuegan 50, Funong 09-7111, and Zhongzhe 10) reached resistant levels. Meanwhile, 62.7% (32/51) varieties were susceptible or highly susceptible to leaf scald. Our results revealed the lack of high resistance germplasms in the newly released varieties in China, and it is urgent to create more germplasm resources resistant to leaf scald.

Key words: Saccharum spp. hybrid, newly-released varieties, leaf scald, Xanthomonas albilineans, disease resistance identification

表1

甘蔗植株白条病发病严重度评判标准"

分级Grade 症状描述Symptom
0级 Score 0 无症状Asymptomatic
1级 Score 1 1-2条铅笔状白色条纹One or two white pencil lines
2级 Score 2 超过2条铅笔状白色条纹More than two white pencil lines
3级 Score 3 叶片变白或者黄化Chlorotic or yellowing leaf
4级 Score 4 叶片坏死Leaf necrosis
5级 Score 5 植株死亡Plant death

表2

基于病情指数评价白条病抗性标准"

抗性评价Resistance evaluation 病情指数分级Disease index (%)
高抗High resistant 病情指数 ≤ 5.0 Disease index ≤ 5.0
抗病Resistant 5.0 < 病情指数 ≤ 15.0 5.0 < Disease index ≤ 15.0
中抗Medium resistant 15.0 < 病情指数 ≤ 30.0 15.0 < Disease index ≤ 30.0
感病Susceptible 30.0 < 病情指数 ≤ 50.0 30.0 < Disease index ≤ 50.0
高感High susceptible 病情指数 > 50.0 Disease index > 50.0

图1

甘蔗白条病不同发病严重度 Score 0: 严重度0级; Score 1: 严重度1级; Score 2: 严重度2级; Score 3: 严重度3级; Score 4: 严重度4级; Score 5: 严重度5级。"

图2

接种后的病叶白条病菌分离和PCR检测 A: 白色褪绿条纹样品(新台糖22号)分离出来的菌落; B: 白色褪绿条纹样品(闽糖11-610)分离出来的菌落; C: 白化叶片(柳城09-15)出来的菌落; D: 黄化叶片(粤甘49)分离出来的菌落; E: 黄化叶片(福农11-2907)分离出来的菌落; F: 从不同品种分离出来的白条病菌单菌落PCR检测。1: D15000+2000 DNA marker; 2: 空白对照, 无菌水; 3: 阴性对照, 健康植株叶片DNA; 4: 阳性对照, Xa-FJ1菌株; 5~9: 上述分离出来的5个菌株的DNA样品。"

图3

接种后不同时间点的51个甘蔗品种病情指数"

表3

甘蔗新品种人工接种白条病抗性等级"

抗病等级
Grade of resistance		 品种(系)名称
Variety (line) name		 品种(系)数量
Number of variety		 病情指数
Disease index (%)		 平均值多重比较
Mean multiple comparison
抗
Resistant		 粤甘50, 福农09-7111, 中蔗10号
Yuegan 50 , Funong 09-7111, Zhongzhe 10		 3 10.6-14.7 12.2 A
中抗
Medium resistant		 中蔗13号, 海蔗28号, 桂糖40号, LCP85-384, 桂糖08-120, 柳城07-150, 云蔗11-3898, 粤甘53, 新台糖22号, 闽糖11-610, 粤甘51, 德蔗12-88, 福农11-2907, 粤甘49, 云蔗09-1601, 粤甘43
Zhongzhe 13, Haizhe 28, Guitang 40, LCP85-384, Guitang 08-120, Liucheng 07-150, Yunzhe 11-3898, Yuegan 53, ROC22, Mintang 11-610, Yuegan 51, Dezhe 12-88, Funong 11-2907, Yuegan 49, Yunzhe 09-1601, Yuegan 43		 16 15.4-28.7 23.9 B
感病
Susceptible		 云蔗11-1204, 云瑞11-450, 粤甘52, 中糖1201, 福农10-0574, 福农38, 中蔗1号, 云蔗11-1074, 福农09-6201, 云蔗08-1609, 福农09-4095, 云瑞12-263, 桂糖46号, 桂糖44号, 粤甘48, 福农07-3206, 福农10-14405, 粤甘46, 福农08-3214, 新台糖20号, 桂糖08-1589, 中蔗6号, 中糖1202, 桂糖11-1076, 桂糖13-386, 柳城09-15, 柳城09-19, 云蔗08-1095
Yunzhe 11-1204, Yunrui 11-450, Yuegan 52, Zhongtang 1201, Funong 10-0574, Funong 38, Zhongzhe 1, Yunzhe 11-1074, Funong 09-6201, Yunzhe 08-1609, Funong 09-4095, Yunrui 12-263, Guitang 46, Guitang 44, Yuegan 48, Funong 07-3206, Funong 10-14405, Yuegan 46, Funong 08-3214, ROC20, Guitang 08-1589, Zhongzhe 6, Zhongtang 1202, Guitang 11-1076, Guitang 13-386, Liucheng 09-15, Liucheng 09-19, Yunzhe 08-1095		 28 30.3-48.4 38.7 C
高感
High susceptible		 云蔗11-3208, 中糖1301, 云瑞10-187, 福农09-12206
Yunzhe 11-3208, Zhongtang 1301, Yunrui 10-187, Funong 09-12206		 4 51.6-58.2 54.6 D

图4

供试甘蔗品种白条病抗性的聚类分析树状图"

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