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作物学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (02): 333-343.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00333

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦/玉米/大豆和小麦/玉米/甘薯套作对根际土壤细菌群落多样性及植株氮素吸收的影响

雍太文,杨文钰*,向达兵,朱贞颖   

  1. 四川农业大学农学院, 四川温江 611130
  • 收稿日期:2011-04-08 修回日期:2011-09-11 出版日期:2012-02-12 网络出版日期:2011-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 杨文钰, E-mail: wenyu.yang@263.net
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB100400)和大豆产业技术体系专项(CARS-04-PS19)资助。

Effect of Wheat/Maize/Soybean and Wheat/Maize/Sweet Potato Relay Strip Intercropping on Bacterial Community Diversity of Rhizosphere Soil and Nitrogen Uptake of Crops

YONG Tai-Wen,YANG Wen-Yu*,XIANG Da-Bing,ZHU Zhen-Ying   

  1. Agronomy College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China
  • Received:2011-04-08 Revised:2011-09-11 Published:2012-02-12 Published online:2011-12-01
  • Contact: 杨文钰, E-mail: wenyu.yang@263.net

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摘要： 为探讨小麦/玉米/大豆和小麦/玉米/甘薯套作体系中根际细菌群落多样性与作物氮素高效吸收的差异特性及二者间的关系，应用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术研究了小麦–大豆(A1)、小麦–甘薯(A2)、玉米(A3)、小麦/玉米/大豆(A4)和小麦/玉米/甘薯(A5)5种种植模式的根际细菌群落多样性。结果表明，与A1、A2、A3及A5相比，A4套作提高了各作物在开花期(或吐丝期)与成熟期的籽粒吸氮量、地上部总吸氮量和Shannon-Weiner index多样性指数(H′)。处理间的吸氮量与H′的变化规律为套作>单作、大豆茬口>甘薯茬口，以A4处理最高。不同种植模式下DGGE图谱条带的数量及亮度有较大区别，且有几条特征性条带发生了明显变化。不同种植模式间的细菌群落结构相似性较低，群落相似度系数(Cs)表现为套作与套作间>套作与单作间；A4与A5间的Cs相对较小，二者间的细菌群落结构差异较大。A4模式有利于提高根际细菌群落多样性，增强植株对氮素的吸收能力。

关键词: 小麦/玉米/大豆套作, 氮素吸收, 细菌群落多样性, PCR-DGGE

Abstract: The aim of this study was to understand the relationship between diversity of rhizosphere bacterial community and nitrogen uptake of crops in two relay strip intercropping systems: wheat/maize/soybean and wheat/maize/sweet potato. We analyzed the diversities of rhizosphere bacterial community in five cropping systems using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) based on 16S rDNA. The cropping systems included wheat-soybean (A1), wheat-sweet potato (A2), maize single cropping (A3), wheat/maize/soybean (A4), and wheat/maize/sweet potato (A5). Compared to the sole cropping systems (A1, A2, and A3 treatments), the A4 treatment showed increases in grain nitrogen uptake and total nitrogen uptake amounts of aboveground of crops at both flowering (or silking) and maturity stages, and the Shannon-Weiner indices for rhizosphere bacterial community diversity was also increased significantly. The values of nitrogen uptake and the Shannon-weiner index in the relay strip intercropping systems were greater than those in sole cropping systems, and the values in the treatment with soybean stubble were greater than those in the treatment with sweet potato stubble. The number and strength of the DNA bands from DGGE profiles varied with the cropping systems, especially for the distinguished bands. The comparability of rhizosphere bacterial community composition was low among different cropping systems. The similarity coefficient (Cs) was higher between two relay strip intercropping systems than between relay strip intercropping system and sole cropping system, but the Cs value was low between A4 and A5 treatments. However, there was obvious difference of rhizosphere bacterial community composition between A4 and A5 treatments, and the A4 treatment was propitious to enhancing rhizosphere bacterial community diversity and increasing nitrogen uptakes of crops.

Key words: Wheat/maize/soybean relay strip intercropping, Nitrogen uptake, Bacterial community diversity, PCR-DGGE

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