作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (02): 337-345.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.00337
吴晓丽1,汤永禄1,2,*,李朝苏1,吴春1,黄钢1,马蓉3
WU Xiao-Li1,TANG Yong-Lu1,2,*,LI Chao-Su1,WU Chun1,HUANG Gang1,MA Rong3
摘要:
四川盆地小麦灌浆期长,粒重优势明显,但易受环境影响。2010—2011和2011—2012年连续2个小麦生长季,选用10个品种在3个地点进行灌浆特性研究,以揭示该区域小麦灌浆参数的基因型差异及环境效应。2年平均粒重48.25 g,灌浆分为渐增期(T1)、快增期(T2)和缓增期(T3) 3个阶段,各阶段持续时间为T3 (16.30 d)>T1 (13.41 d)>T2 (12.98 d),其灌浆速率分别为0.618、0.772和2.205 mg grain-1 d-1。3个阶段的干物质积累贡献率依次为21.21% (T1)、58.27% (T2)和20.53% (T3),可见快增期结束时可以积累80%左右的干物质量。基因型、地点和年份对除粒重以外的所有灌浆参数均有显著影响,以年份的效应最大。同一年中,粒重、最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率、缓增期灌浆速率、渐增期灌浆速率和快增期灌浆速率主要受基因型的影响,而其他参数则以地点效应大于基因型效应。粒重与平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率、快增期灌浆速率和缓增期灌浆速率呈极显著正相关。10个参试品种中,川麦42、川育23和川麦56具开花期早、灌浆速率高、灌浆时间长、粒重大等特征。
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