作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 1782-1792.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01782
薛军1,王群2,李璐璐1,张万旭2,谢瑞芝1,王克如1,明博1,侯鹏1,李少昆1,*(
)
Jun XUE1,Qun WANG2,Lu-Lu LI1,Wan-Xu ZHANG2,Rui-Zhi XIE1,Ke-Ru WANG1,Bo MING1,Peng HOU1,Shao-Kun LI1,*(
)
摘要:
针对机械粒收玉米生理成熟后田间站秆脱水期间的倒伏问题, 本研究通过多点试验调查夏玉米和春玉米生理成熟后倒伏发生类型和规律, 分析影响玉米生理成熟后倒伏发生的关键因素。结果表明, 玉米生理成熟后, 茎折率升高是倒伏增加的主要原因; 茎折率随抗折力降低而升高, 抗折断力降低至14.3 N时, 茎折率超过5%; 植株重心高度逐渐降低, 茎秆基部第3节间穿刺强度(RPS)、第4节间压碎强度(CS)、第5节间弯曲强度(BS)均逐渐降低, 基部节间单位长度干重(DWUL)和含水率也逐渐降低; 茎秆抗折断力与RPS、CS、BS、DWUL和含水率均呈极显著正相关, RPS、CS和BS均与DWUL和含水率呈极显著正相关。本研究表明, 玉米生理成熟后植株自然衰老导致的茎秆干物质降低和水分含量下降, 是茎秆机械强度降低、茎折率增加的主要原因。因此应适期收获, 避免田间站秆时间过长引起倒伏率增加导致的收获产量损失。
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