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作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (6): 1301-1311.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13031
所属专题： 玉米：遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学
• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 下一篇
肖颖妮**(
), 于永涛**, 谢利华, 祁喜涛, 李春艳, 文天祥, 李高科*(), 胡建广*()
XIAO Ying-Ni**(), YU Yong-Tao**, XIE Li-Hua, QI Xi-Tao, LI Chun-Yan, WEN Tian-Xiang, LI Gao-Ke*(), HU Jian-Guang*()
摘要：
中国已经成为全球鲜食玉米最主要生产和消费国家之一, 解析我国鲜食玉米品种之间的遗传多样性和亲缘关系, 对品种鉴定和品种培育具有重要的指导意义。本研究利用Illumina Maize 6K芯片对全国范围内的385个鲜食玉米品种进行全基因组扫描, 了解群体结构, 划分种质类群, 估算品种间的遗传距离, 揭示其遗传多样性。结果表明, 5067个SNP标记在385个鲜食玉米品种中基因多样性平均0.406, 变幅为0.097~0.500; 多态信息含量(polymorphism information content, PIC)平均0.319, 变幅为0.092~0.375。通过PCA分析和群体遗传结构分析一致表明, 本研究所收集的品种主要划分为3个类群, 分别为糯玉米类群(糯玉米和甜糯玉米, 共185个品种)、温带甜玉米类群(123个品种)和热带甜玉米类群(77个品种)。两两品种间的遗传距离在0.132~0.472之间, 平均值为0.37。通过FST分析检测到不同类群间有160个区域受到强烈选择, 其中包括4个玉米籽粒淀粉合成途径的关键基因(sh2、su1、su2和wx1), 进一步利用分子标记验证了sh2和DGAT1-2两个位点在鲜食玉米群体不同选择模式。本研究为我国鲜食玉米品种选育和改良提供了重要的理论指导。
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