小麦芽期和苗期耐盐鉴定方法的适用性评价

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31049

作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 1193-1206.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.31049

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

小麦芽期和苗期耐盐鉴定方法的适用性评价

陈家婷(), 白欣, 谷雨杰, 张潇文, 郭慧娟, 常利芳, 陈芳, 张树伟, 张晓军, 李欣, 冯瑞云, 畅志坚, 乔麟轶^*()

山西农业大学农学院 / 作物遗传与分子改良山西省重点实验室 / 农业农村部有机旱作农业重点实验室(部省共建), 山西太原 030031

收稿日期:2023-08-31 接受日期:2024-01-12 出版日期:2024-05-12 网络出版日期:2024-01-29
通讯作者: *乔麟轶, E-mail: linyi.qiao@sxau.edu.cn
作者简介:E-mail: chenjiating111@126.com
基金资助:
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX2022A046);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2021-070);山西农业大学博士科研启动项目(2021BQ39)

Applicability evaluation of screen methods to identify salt tolerance in wheat at germination and seedling stages

CHEN Jia-Ting(), BAI Xin, GU Yu-Jie, ZHANG Xiao-Wen, GUO Hui-Juan, CHANG Li-Fang, CHEN Fang, ZHANG Shu-Wei, ZHANG Xiao-Jun, LI Xin, FENG Rui-Yun, CHANG Zhi-Jian, QIAO Lin-Yi^*()

College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University / Shanxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Molecular Improvement / Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, Shanxi, China

Received:2023-08-31 Accepted:2024-01-12 Published:2024-05-12 Published online:2024-01-29
Contact: *E-mail: linyi.qiao@sxau.edu.cn
Supported by:
Science and Technology Development Foundation of Central Guides Local Government Project(YDZJSX2022A046);Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2021-070);Shanxi Agricultural University Research Project for Doctor(2021BQ39)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

耐盐鉴定是筛选种质和选育耐盐小麦品种的前提。小麦室内耐盐鉴定方法较多, 涉及不同生育时期和组织器官。为了评估这些方法在生产上的适用性, 本研究选用北方冬麦区5个耐盐品种和5个盐敏感品种为试验材料, 对基于芽期和苗期的7种耐盐鉴定方法(涉及27个测试指标)进行实用性评价。结果显示, 利用小麦种子的发芽相对盐害率不能区分参试耐盐品种和盐敏感品种, 而小麦苗期的叶部盐害指数、根部Na⁺和K⁺流速以及根尖数、根径、叶片K⁺含量的相对盐害率在耐盐和盐敏感品种之间差异显著。综合回归分析结果和可操作性, 明确叶部盐害指数是北方冬麦区适用性较高的耐盐鉴定方法, 可结合根尖数相对盐害率、叶片K⁺含量相对盐害率或根部Na⁺和K⁺流速用于种质筛选或品种选育。本研究从适用程度方面解析和评价了耐盐鉴定方法, 为小麦耐盐育种工作提供参考信息。

关键词: 小麦, 耐盐鉴定, 方法评价, 芽期, 苗期

Abstract:

Salt tolerance identification is the premise of screening germplasm and breeding salt-tolerant wheat varieties. There are many methods for testing salt tolerance of wheat indoor, involving different growth stages and tissues or organs. In order to evaluate the applicability of these methods in production, we selected five salt-tolerant varieties and five salt-sensitive varieties from the Northern Winter Wheat Production Area of China to compare seven identification methods (involving 27 parameters) for the responses to salt stress of wheat at germination and seedling stages. The results showed that the relative salt-injury rate for germination of grains could not distinguish the tolerant- and sensitive-varieties, while the salt-injury index of leaf, the Na⁺ and K⁺ fluxes of root, and the relative salt-injury rates for root tip number, root diameter as well as leaf K⁺ content of seedlings were significantly different between the tolerant- and sensitive-varieties. Based on the results of regressive analysis and operability, the salt-injury index of leaf was considered to be an appropriate method for identifying salt tolerance that with high applicability in the Northern Winter Wheat Production Area, which can be used for germplasm screening or variety breeding by integrating the relative salt-injury rate for root tip number or leaf K⁺ content, and the Na⁺ or K⁺ flux of root. This study analyzed and evaluated

the salt tolerance identification methods from the aspect of application, and provide reference information for salt tolerance breeding in wheat.

Key words: wheat, salt-tolerance identification, method evaluation, germination stage, seedling stage

陈家婷, 白欣, 谷雨杰, 张潇文, 郭慧娟, 常利芳, 陈芳, 张树伟, 张晓军, 李欣, 冯瑞云, 畅志坚, 乔麟轶. 小麦芽期和苗期耐盐鉴定方法的适用性评价[J]. 作物学报, 2024, 50(5): 1193-1206.

CHEN Jia-Ting, BAI Xin, GU Yu-Jie, ZHANG Xiao-Wen, GUO Hui-Juan, CHANG Li-Fang, CHEN Fang, ZHANG Shu-Wei, ZHANG Xiao-Jun, LI Xin, FENG Rui-Yun, CHANG Zhi-Jian, QIAO Lin-Yi. Applicability evaluation of screen methods to identify salt tolerance in wheat at germination and seedling stages[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2024, 50(5): 1193-1206.

图/表 10

表1

图1

图2

图3

附表1

10个参试品种的耐盐表型数据"

表型 Phenotype		耐盐品种 Salt-tolerant varieties					盐敏感品种 Salt-sensitive varieties
表型 Phenotype		小偃 60 XY60	青麦 6号 QM6	沧麦6005 CM6005	山融 3号 SR3	德抗 961 DK961	中麦 175 ZM175	鲁原502 LY502	京 411 J411	河农6425 HN6425	济麦 20 JM20
发芽率	CK (%)	97.00	98.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	83.75	100.00
Germination rate	NaCl (%)	53.61	41.31	74.42	62.31	61.77	62.62	38.36	41.06	19.14	83.75
	RSIR (%)	44.73	57.85	25.58	37.69	38.23	37.38	61.64	58.94	77.15	16.25
总根长	CK (cm)	73.64	34.26	45.23	65.84	62.44	33.15	35.23	34.26	52.67	78.66
Root total length	NaCl (cm)	37.76	22.62	30.91	32.56	43.20	22.30	16.67	26.27	31.57	33.99
	RSIR (%)	48.72	33.98	31.65	50.54	30.81	32.75	52.68	23.31	40.07	56.79
根表面积	CK (cm²)	7.53	5.14	6.45	10.25	4.13	4.33	4.90	4.59	7.77	11.00
Root surface area	NaCl (cm²)	3.05	2.95	4.08	4.92	3.25	3.82	2.30	3.60	4.60	4.83
	RSIR (%)	59.52	42.68	36.71	51.97	21.44	11.82	53.06	21.65	40.89	56.03
根体积	CK (cm³)	0.08	0.06	0.07	0.13	0.07	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.09	0.12
Root volume	NaCl (cm³)	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.06	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.05	0.06
	RSIR (%)	62.44	50.05	41.85	53.75	42.02	30.10	53.33	19.59	41.92	55.43
根径	CK (mm)	0.42	0.48	0.46	0.50	0.42	0.42	0.45	0.43	0.47	0.45
Root diameter	NaCl (mm)	0.42	0.41	0.42	0.48	0.31	0.42	0.43	0.44	0.46	0.45
	RSIR (%)	7.73	14.05	8.33	2.35	25.99	-1.11	3.73	-1.05	1.57	-0.40
根尖数	CK	91.50	56.00	45.60	89.20	82.30	43.20	53.00	79.60	109.60	114.40
Root tips number	NaCl	53.32	30.60	23.66	44.00	50.35	21.24	16.20	44.62	45.60	41.40
	RSIR (%)	41.73	45.36	48.11	50.67	38.82	50.84	69.43	43.95	58.39	63.81
根分叉数	CK	63.52	45.33	35.80	72.80	55.31	49.20	35.67	53.00	51.00	80.00
Root forks number	NaCl	9.01	24.40	18.95	39.00	32.19	14.90	15.00	39.40	41.20	23.40
	RSIR (%)	95.81	46.18	-21.23	46.43	41.80	-37.68	57.94	25.66	19.22	70.75
离子流速 Ions-flux	K⁺-flux (pmol cm^-2 s^-1)	-215.06	-240.00	-67.11	-120.38	-166.78	-46.65	-67.03	-176.05	-181.43	-195.29
	Na⁺-flux (pmol cm^-2 s^-1)	607.06	448.07	792.54	1589.41	385.65	523.28	347.25	1922.13	-89.79	102.16
叶部盐害指数 Salt-injury index of leaves (%)		51.61	42.09	22.50	40.54	39.19	58.79	43.75	57.61	58.22	55.00
根鲜重	CK (mg)	76.98	61.44	142.57	90.93	92.98	39.94	96.33	85.70	111.04	196.58
Fresh weight of root	NaCl (mg)	43.62	39.22	43.47	48.56	47.51	31.73	49.90	43.06	61.28	66.26
	RSIR (%)	43.34	36.17	69.51	46.60	48.90	20.56	48.20	49.75	44.81	66.29
地上部鲜重	CK (mg)	251.52	194.36	512.82	422.36	345.26	171.30	230.67	338.74	315.58	621.13
Fresh weight of shoot	NaCl (mg)	120.98	108.78	190.32	151.66	152.86	90.73	69.60	153.30	159.23	183.51
	RSIR (%)	51.90	44.03	62.89	64.09	55.73	47.04	69.83	54.74	49.54	70.46
鲜重根冠比	CK (%)	30.61	31.77	25.46	21.51	27.34	23.19	30.92	24.31	35.21	31.47
Ratio of FW-R/FW-S	NaCl (%)	36.05	36.32	22.81	32.03	32.16	31.96	34.48	28.09	39.27	38.48
	RSIR (%)	-17.79	-14.33	10.41	-48.90	-17.65	-37.83	-11.50	-15.54	-11.51	-22.28
根干重	CK (mg)	28.80	34.58	16.85	21.67	25.48	4.61	23.93	20.12	21.80	64.66
Dry weight of root	NaCl (mg)	12.33	4.45	7.37	19.16	11.96	5.51	5.00	9.08	7.60	10.43
	RSIR (%)	57.18	87.13	56.26	11.58	53.04	-19.51	79.11	54.87	65.14	83.87
地上部干重	CK (mg)	71.40	42.71	66.48	51.37	57.99	10.71	92.67	142.55	78.05	182.83
Dry weight of shoot	NaCl (mg)	24.93	17.22	25.31	35.56	26.46	10.21	17.80	106.40	24.52	33.96
	RSIR (%)	65.08	59.68	61.93	30.78	54.37	4.67	80.79	25.36	68.58	81.43
干重根冠比	CK (%)	40.34	42.47	25.39	44.79	55.33	43.71	25.83	66.08	27.76	28.19
Ratio of DW-R/DW-S	NaCl (%)	49.47	25.68	29.18	52.51	52.29	54.08	28.09	15.25	30.86	30.88
	RSIR (%)	-22.63	39.53	-14.92	-17.23	5.51	-23.73	-8.76	76.93	-11.16	-9.54
根中K⁺含量	CK (mg g^-1)	7.65	8.26	8.17	7.60	7.14	7.60	7.86	7.14	7.76	6.69
K⁺ contents in root	NaCl (mg g^-1)	8.04	8.04	7.86	8.56	7.74	7.05	8.84	7.19	8.74	6.42
	RSIR (%)	-5.02	2.68	3.74	-12.72	-8.39	7.23	-12.46	-0.74	-12.63	3.99
茎中K⁺含量	CK (mg g^-1)	25.24	23.25	26.38	24.48	24.25	26.25	24.59	24.87	25.77	26.07
K⁺ contents in stem	NaCl (mg g^-1)	25.87	24.87	25.45	26.69	27.82	25.19	25.13	26.38	25.05	26.92
	RSIR (%)	-2.50	-6.98	3.52	-9.05	-14.76	4.05	-2.19	-6.09	2.81	-3.23
叶中K⁺含量	CK (mg g^-1)	27.33	26.64	29.47	28.43	27.63	30.48	27.67	29.44	30.66	31.99
K⁺ contents in leaf	NaCl (mg g^-1)	29.98	29.35	30.75	31.99	31.24	30.03	30.35	29.47	30.15	31.01
	RSIR (%)	-9.67	-10.18	-4.32	-12.53	-13.07	1.46	-9.69	-0.11	1.65	3.06
根中Na⁺含量	CK (mg g^-1)	4.64	5.24	5.17	4.03	4.33	4.51	5.63	5.12	4.39	4.07
Na⁺ contents in root	NaCl (mg g^-1)	4.91	5.01	5.07	4.71	4.84	4.71	5.81	4.37	4.96	4.31
	RSIR (%)	-6.00	4.24	2.05	-17.09	-11.98	-4.59	-3.34	14.67	-12.92	-5.98
茎中Na⁺含量	CK (mg g^-1)	2.80	3.20	3.26	2.59	2.60	2.43	3.34	3.42	2.90	2.68
Na⁺ contents in stem	NaCl (mg g^-1)	2.85	3.25	2.68	2.35	2.78	3.16	3.48	3.09	2.93	2.42
	RSIR (%)	-1.97	-1.72	17.82	9.29	-6.85	-29.84	-4.16	9.48	-1.00	9.50
叶中Na⁺含量	CK (mg g^-1)	2.28	2.44	2.26	1.88	2.13	1.72	2.65	2.35	2.04	2.28
Na⁺ contents in leaf	NaCl (mg g^-1)	2.56	2.66	1.72	1.56	2.36	2.53	2.75	2.18	2.03	1.72
	RSIR (%)	-12.11	-8.94	24.06	17.24	-10.55	-47.12	-4.00	7.31	0.54	24.82
根中K⁺与Na⁺的含量比	CK	1.65	1.58	1.58	1.89	1.65	1.69	1.40	1.39	1.77	1.65
Ratio of K⁺ and Na⁺ contents in root	NaCl	1.64	1.60	1.55	1.82	1.60	1.50	1.52	1.65	1.76	1.49
Ratio of K⁺ and Na⁺ contents in root	RSIR (%)	0.92	-1.63	1.72	3.74	3.20	11.30	-8.82	-18.07	0.26	9.41
茎中K⁺与Na⁺的含量比	CK	9.02	7.27	8.10	9.44	9.33	10.79	7.36	7.28	8.88	9.75
Ratio of K⁺ and Na⁺ contents in stem	NaCl	9.07	7.65	9.52	11.34	10.02	7.97	7.22	8.53	8.54	11.12
Ratio of K⁺ and Na⁺ contents in stem	RSIR (%)	-0.52	-5.17	-17.40	-20.22	-7.40	26.10	1.89	-17.20	3.77	-14.06
叶中K⁺与Na⁺的含量比	CK	11.99	10.92	13.04	15.13	12.96	17.75	10.45	12.51	15.02	14.01
Ratio of K⁺ and Na⁺ contents in leaf	NaCl	11.73	11.04	17.91	20.57	13.26	11.89	11.02	13.51	14.85	18.06
Ratio of K⁺ and Na⁺ contents in leaf	RSIR (%)	2.18	-1.14	-37.37	-35.98	-2.27	33.02	-5.47	-8.00	1.12	-28.95
根中脯氨酸含量	CK (μg g^-1)	25.20	30.66	18.28	16.58	24.93	20.33	36.91	10.31	24.18	22.15
Proline contents in root	NaCl (μg g^-1)	964.23	570.92	521.75	338.13	251.10	625.37	708.36	436.70	347.56	184.11
	RSIR (%)	97.39	94.63	96.50	95.10	90.07	96.75	94.79	97.64	93.04	87.97
叶中脯氨酸含量	CK (μg g^-1)	11.46	14.68	2.78	14.79	45.07	29.62	32.25	28.80	3.63	1.05
Proline contents in leaf	NaCl (μg g^-1)	1555.03	1457.10	297.47	437.31	534.29	363.77	381.59	669.70	934.29	1821.49
	RSIR (%)	99.26	98.99	99.06	96.62	91.56	91.86	91.55	95.70	99.61	99.94

附表1

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图5

图6

图7

图8

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育成品种 Variety	耐盐性 Salt tolerance	参考文献 Reference	审定编号 Approval number
小偃60 Xiaoyan 60	耐盐 Tolerant	[18]	国审麦20220069 Guoshenmai 20220069
青麦6号 Qingmai 6	耐盐 Tolerant	[19]	国审麦2016027 Guoshenmai 2016027
沧麦6005 Cangmai 6005	耐盐 Tolerant	[20]	冀审麦2012007 Jishenmai 2012007
山融3号 Shanrong 3	耐盐 Tolerant	[21]	鲁农审字[2004] 030 Lunongshenzi [2004] 030
德抗961 Dekang 961	耐盐 Tolerant	[22,23]	鲁农审字[2004] 031 Lunongshenzi [2004] 031
中麦175 Zhongmai 175	盐敏感 Sensitive	[18]	国审麦2011018 Guoshenmai 2011018
鲁原502 Luyuan 502	盐敏感 Sensitive	[24]	国审麦2011016 Guoshenmai 2011016
京411 Jing 411	盐敏感 Sensitive	[22,25]	1991年通过北京市品种审定 Passed variety approval in Beijing in 1991
河农6425 Henong 6425	盐敏感 Sensitive	[17]	冀审麦200901 Jishenmai 200901
济麦20 Jimai 20	盐敏感 Sensitive	[26]	鲁农审字[2003] 029 Lunongshenzi [2003] 029

小麦芽期和苗期耐盐鉴定方法的适用性评价

Applicability evaluation of screen methods to identify salt tolerance in wheat at germination and seedling stages

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