甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐旱候选基因的挖掘鉴定

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.65034

作物学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (11): 3264-3278.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.65034

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐旱候选基因的挖掘鉴定

袁荣^1,**，杜媛媛^1,**，洪美艳¹，高界¹，黄镇²，李可琪^2,*，曾新华^1,*

1 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 / 农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430062; 2 西北农林科技大学农学院 / 干旱地区作物胁迫生物学国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2026-05-08 修回日期:2026-08-21 接受日期:2026-08-21 出版日期:2026-11-12 网络出版日期:2026-08-31
通讯作者: 曾新华, E-mail: zengxinhua@caas.cn; 李可琪, E-mail: likeqi1218@sina.com
基金资助:
本研究由中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI)和财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)资助。

Identification and characterization of candidate genes for drought tolerance during the germination stage in Brassica napus L.

Yuan Rong^1,**,Du Yuan-Yuan^1,**,Hong Mei-Yan¹,Gao Jie¹,Huang Zhen²,Li Ke-Qi^2,*,Zeng Xin-Hua^1,*

1 Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China; 2 College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

Received:2026-05-08 Revised:2026-08-21 Accepted:2026-08-21 Published:2026-11-12 Published online:2026-08-31
Supported by:
This study was supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS (CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI) and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-12).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 甘蓝型油菜是我国重要的油料作物，干旱胁迫严重影响其发芽率和幼苗建成，进而导致减产。为深入挖掘甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐旱基因，本研究以PEG-6000溶液模拟干旱胁迫处理，对183份甘蓝型油菜种质进行萌发期耐旱性鉴定和筛选，测定发芽率(GR)、发芽势(GP)、发芽指数(GI)、成苗率(SP)、活力指数(VI)、芽鲜重(SFW)、根鲜重(RFW)、根长(RL)等指标。通过全基因组关联分析(GWAS)，共检测到9个显著关联的SNP位点，鉴定出213个显著性关联基因。为进一步探究这些遗传位点背后的分子机制，选取6个种子萌发期耐旱性存在显著差异的种质进行转录组分析，在0%和15%质量分数PEG-6000溶液处理下，6个种质分别检测出13,251、10,250、10,455、8968、9990、16,706个差异表达基因(DEGs)。这些DEGs主要富集于“植物激素信号转导”、“植物-病原体相互作用”、“MAPK信号通路-植物”、“苯丙素的生物合成”和“淀粉和蔗糖代谢”等与干旱响应密切相关的KEGG通路。通过整合GWAS和RNA-seq数据，最终筛选出7个与种子萌发期耐旱相关的候选基因。其中，ZS11A03G038720、ZS11A09G011050、ZS11C02G013040和ZS11C02G013790在PEG处理后均下调，ZS11A03G039060、ZS11C02G013640和ZS11C02G013660在PEG处理后均上调。研究结果不仅揭示了甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐旱性的关键遗传位点，还筛选出7个具有重要育种应用价值的核心候选基因，为研究油菜萌发期耐旱机理和通过分子辅助选育耐旱油菜品种提供了基因资源和理论参考。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 萌发期, 耐旱, 全基因组关联分析, 转录组分析

Abstract: Brassica napus is an important oilseed crop in China. Drought stress significantly inhibits its germination rate and seedling establishment, thereby causing yield loss. To comprehensively identify the genes underlying drought tolerance at the seed germination stage, we simulated drought stress using the PEG-6000 solution and evaluated 183 B. napus accessions for germination-stage drought tolerance. Phenotypic traits including germination rate (GR), germination potential (GP), germination index (GI), seedling percentage (SP), vigor index (VI), shoot fresh weight (SFW), root fresh weight (RFW), and root length (RL) were measured. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified nine significant SNP loci and 213 potential candidate genes. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of six accessions with contrasting drought tolerance revealed 13,251, 10,250, 10,455, 8968, 9990, and 16,706 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under 0% and 15% PEG-6000 treatments, respectively. These DEGs were primarily enriched in drought-responsive KEGG pathways such as “plant hormone signal transduction”, “plant-pathogen interaction”, “MAPK signaling pathway-plant”, “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, and “starch and sucrose metabolism”. Among them, ZS11A03G038720, ZS11A09G011050, ZS11C02G013040, and ZS11C02G013790 were downregulated following PEG treatment, whereas ZS11A03G039060, ZS11C02G013640, and ZS11C02G013660 were upregulated. By integrating GWAS and RNA-seq data, we identified seven candidate genes associated with drought tolerance during seed germination. This study not only reveals key genetic loci underlying drought tolerance at the germination stage in B. napus, but also provides seven core candidate genes with potential value for molecular breeding of drought-tolerant rapeseed varieties, thereby offering genetic resources and theoretical insights for future improvement strategies.

Key words: Brassica napus, germination stage, drought tolerance, genome-wide association study, transcriptome analysis

袁荣, 杜媛媛, 洪美艳, 高界, 黄镇, 李可琪, 曾新华. 甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐旱候选基因的挖掘鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(11): 3264-3278.

Yuan Rong, Du Yuan-Yuan, Hong Mei-Yan, Gao Jie, Huang Zhen, Li Ke-Qi, Zeng Xin-Hua. Identification and characterization of candidate genes for drought tolerance during the germination stage in Brassica napus L.[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2026, 52(11): 3264-3278.

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链接本文: https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.65034

https://zwxb.chinacrops.org/CN/Y2026/V52/I11/3264

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甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐旱候选基因的挖掘鉴定

Identification and characterization of candidate genes for drought tolerance during the germination stage in Brassica napus L.

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