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作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (06): 803-812.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00803

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川近十年小麦主栽品种的品质状况

李朝苏1,**,吴晓丽1,**,汤永禄1,*,杨武云1,吴元奇2,吴春1,马孝玲1,李式昭1   

  1. 1四川省农业科学院作物研究所，四川成都610066；2四川农业大学，四川温江611130
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-21 修回日期:2016-03-14 出版日期:2016-06-12 网络出版日期:2016-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 汤永禄, E-mail: ttyycc88@163.com, Tel: 028-84504601
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-3-1-23)资助。

Quality of Major WheatCultivars Grown in Sichuan Province in Recent Decade

LI Chao-Su1,**,WU Xiao-Li1,**,TANG Yong-Lu1,*,YANG Wu-Yun1,WU Yuan-Qi1,WU Chun1,MA Xiao-Ling1,LI Shizhao1   

  1. 1Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China; 2Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang611130, China
  • Received:2015-09-21 Revised:2016-03-14 Published:2016-06-12 Published online:2016-03-28
  • Contact: 汤永禄, E-mail: ttyycc88@163.com, Tel: 028-84504601
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the grant from China Agriculture Research System (CARS-3-1-23).

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摘要：

近20年来，品质改良是西南冬麦区小麦育种的主要目标之一。本研究目的是了解四川省小麦主栽品种的品质现状，尤其是评价近年新育成的人工合成小麦(SHW)衍生品种的品质表现和育种价值。2011—2013连续3年，选择近10年审定并广泛应用于生产的10个代表性品种进行多环境试验，测定籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、沉淀值、降落值、出粉率、籽粒发芽指数，以及粉质仪和快速黏度分析仪(RVA)参数。所测品质参数均存在显著的基因型、环境和二者互作效应，其中反映蛋白质数量和质量的多数性状环境效应大于基因型效应，而反映淀粉质量的降落值和RVA参数则基因型效应更大。参试品种蛋白质含量11.7%~14.0%，湿面筋含量22.0%~29.3%，沉淀值21.4~35.1mL，降落值147~363s，面团稳定时间1.7~12.1min，峰值黏度1056~2670 cP。SHW衍生品种中川麦104总体表现优异，其平均沉淀值30.3 mL，降落值325 s，面团稳定时间9.8 min，最终黏度2796 cP；而绵麦367品质较差，上述指标分别为24.6 mL、147 s、2.2 min和827 cP。参试品种的平均生理成熟期籽粒发芽指数为0.31，变幅0.06~0.76，品种之间差异显著，其中以川麦104最低。本研究表明，西南冬麦区小麦品种品质改良潜力较大，川麦104可作为协同改良产量和品质的育种亲本。

关键词: 人工合成小麦, 商业品种, 品质潜力

Abstract:

Quality improvement is one of the major targets in winter wheat breedingin Southwest China in the past two decades.This study aimed at understanding the quality of the main varietiesreleased in Sichuan province, especially evaluatingthe quality and the breeding value ofsynthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW).In multi-environment trial from 2011 to 2013 (location × year), we evaluated the grain protein content (GPC), grain germination index (GI), falling number (FN), wet gluten content (WGC), sedimentation value (SDS), flour yield (FY), farinograph parameters, and Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) parameters of 10wheatcommercial cultivars. Theresults showed thatgenotype, environment, and genotype × environment interaction had significant effect on all quality parameters tested. The effect of environment was greater than that of genotype in most traits related to protein quantity and quality; whereas, the genotypic effect was greater than environmental effect in starch quality traits including FN and RVA parameters.In the 10 cultivars tested, the ranges of quality parameters were GPC 11.7–14.0%, WGC 22.0–29.3%, SDS 21.4–35.1 mL, FN 147–363 s, dough stability time1.7–12.1 min,andpeak viscosity1056–2670 cP. Chuanmai 104, a SHW cultivar with yield level of 9000 kg ha-1,showed the best quality with SDS of 30.3mL, FN of 325s, dough stability time of 9.8min, and final viscosity of 2796cP. In contrast, Mianmai 367 showed the worst quality with SDSof 24.6 mL, FN of 147 s, dough stability time of 2.2 min, and final viscosity of 827 cP.Besides, germination index (GI) also varied significantly among cultivars. The mean GI of cultivars at physiological maturity stage was 0.31, ranging from 0.06 to 0.76. Chuanmai 104 had the lowest GI value. Our results suggest great potential for quality improvement of Southwest winter wheat, and Chuanmai 104 can be used as a promising parent in breeding programs.

Key words: Synthetic wheat, Commercial cultivar, Quality potential

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