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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (12): 1837-1843.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01837

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

增效缩节安化学封顶对棉花主茎生长的影响及其相关机制

安静1,黎芳1,周春江2,田晓莉1,*(),李召虎1   

  1. 1中国农业大学农学院 / 植物生长调节剂教育部工程研究中心, 北京 100193
    2北京市植物保护站, 北京 100029
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-06 接受日期:2018-08-20 出版日期:2018-12-12 网络出版日期:2018-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 田晓莉
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18-18);国家自然科学基金项目资助(31571588)

Morpho-physiological Responses of Cotton Shoot Apex to the Chemical Topping with Fortified Mepiquat Chloride

Jing AN1,Fang LI1,Chun-Jiang ZHOU2,Xiao-Li TIAN1,*(),Zhao-Hu LI1   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University / Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
    2 Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2018-05-06 Accepted:2018-08-20 Published:2018-12-12 Published online:2018-09-19
  • Contact: Xiao-Li TIAN
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-18-18);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571588)

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摘要：

缩节安(1,1-dimethyl piperidinium chloride, DPC)是棉花生产中广泛应用的植物生长延缓剂。增效DPC (DPC +, 25%水剂)助剂中的成分能对植物幼嫩组织表面形成轻微伤害, 实践证明其可实现棉花化学封顶、起到替代人工打顶的作用。为探究DPC +作用机制, 本试验于2015年在田间条件下研究了棉花盛花期后(7月24日)应用DPC + (1125 mL hm -2)对棉花主茎生长和顶芽解剖结构、氧化还原状态及相关基因表达的影响。结果表明, 与对照(同期喷施清水)相比, DPC +处理后棉花株高降低, 白花以上节位(nodes above the last white flower, NAWF)更早降到5; 处理后3 d即可观察到主茎生长点较对照扁平, 生长点的纵横比显著低于对照; 处理后6 h棉花顶芽的O2 -、H2O2和MDA含量高于对照, 而开花相关基因GhSPL3和GhV1及顶端分生组织相关基因GhREV3的表达量则低于对照。化学封顶剂DPC +可引起棉株顶芽的短期氧化应激反应, 降低与主茎生长点发育和花芽分化相关基因的表达水平, 从而延缓棉株生长和花芽的产生, 实现化学封顶。

关键词: 棉花, 增效缩节安, 化学封顶, 顶芽解剖结构, 氧化还原, 基因表达

Abstract:

The plant growth regulator mepiquat chloride (1,1-dimethyl piperidinium chloride, DPC) has been successfully and worldwide used in cotton production. Fortified mepiquat chloride is a type of aqueous formulation containing 25% DPC (referred to DPC + hereafter), which can slightly damage young tissues of epidermis. DPC + has shown potential in cotton chemical topping in China, and may replace the conventional manual topping in future. In order to investigate the mechanism of cotton chemical topping with DPC +, this field study was conducted in 2015. DPC + (1125 mL ha -1) was applied after peak blooming stage on 24 July, with water as a control (CK). DPC + application significantly decreased plant height and reduced the nodes above the last white flower (NAWF) as compared with CK. After three days of DPC + treatment, cotton shoot apical meristem (SAM) became flatter than CK, and the ratio of height/length of SAM was significantly less than that of CK. With respect to redox status at shoot apex, O2 -production rate, H2O2 generation and MDA content were significantly increased at six hours after DPC + application. In addition, the expression of GhSPL3 (a SPL transcription factor, which might play an important role in bud differentiation, the transition of growth phase and flower formation), GhV1 (a B3-domain containing transcription factor, which potentially involved in floral initiation), and GhREV3 (a class III homeodomain-leucine zipper transcription factors, which has key roles in meristem and organ development) were down-regulated by DPC + also at six hours after application. In conclusion, DPC + application during later flowering period can implement cotton chemical topping by inducing short-time oxidative stress at cotton apex, down-regulating genes involved in SAM development, flower bud differentiation, and reducing cotton shoot growth.

Key words: cotton, fortified mepiquat chloride, chemical topping, anatomy of shoot apical meristem, redox status, gene expression

表1

qRT-PCR引物序列"

基因名称
Gene name		 引物序列
Primer Sequences (5'-3')		 基因序列来源
Gene source
GhSPL3 F: AAGGAGGGTCCAGTACGGTG; R: CAGCCTTGGCATGGAACTCA GenBank: KJ622311.1
GhV1 F: TGGGTGAGGGAGATGTCTGT; R: GGGCGGCATTTCATTGAGAC GenBank: GU929695
GhREV3 F: TATTCCGGCGCTGCGCTATG; R: TGTTGCTCAAGCTCTTGCCG Cottongen: CotAD_04603
GhACT9 F: GCCTTGGACTATGAGCAGGA; R: AAGAGATGGCTGGAAGAGGA GenBank: AY305737.1

图1

化学封顶剂DPC+对棉花株高的影响 比例尺: 10 cm。"

图2

化学封顶剂DPC+对棉花株高(A)及白花以上节位(B)的影响 误差线表示3次重复的标准误, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001。"

图3

化学封顶剂DPC+对棉花顶芽生长点解剖结构的影响 误差线表示3次重复的标准误, *P<0.05。比例尺: 100 μm。"

图4

化学封顶剂DPC+对棉花顶芽氧化还原状态的影响 误差线表示3次重复的标准误, *P < 0.05。"

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