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作物学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 798-806.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.92046

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻栽后植株氮素积累模型与特征

孟天瑶1,葛佳琳2,张徐彬2,韦还和2,陆钰2,李心月2,陶源2,丁恩浩2,周桂生1,*(),戴其根2,*()   

  1. 1扬州大学教育部农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室 / 扬州大学农业科技发展研究院 / 扬州大学, 江苏扬州225009
    2江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室 / 江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室 / 江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心 / 扬州大学农学院, 江苏扬州225009
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-29 接受日期:2020-01-15 出版日期:2020-05-12 网络出版日期:2020-01-24
  • 通讯作者: 周桂生,戴其根
  • 作者简介:E-mail:516060030@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31901448);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(19KJB210004);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目资助

A dynamic model and its characteristics for nitrogen accumulation after transplanting in medium-maturity types of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrids

Tian-Yao MENG1,Jia-Lin GE2,Xu-Bin ZHANG2,Huan-He WEI2,Yu LU2,Xin-Yue LI2,Yuan TAO2,En-Hao DING2,Gui-Sheng ZHOU1,*(),Qi-Gen DAI2,*()   

  1. 1Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agro-product Safety, Ministry of Education / Institute of Agricultural Science and Technological Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
    2Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology / Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops / Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2019-08-29 Accepted:2020-01-15 Published:2020-05-12 Published online:2020-01-24
  • Contact: Gui-Sheng ZHOU,Qi-Gen DAI
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901448);the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(19KJB210004);the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.

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摘要：

旨在定量描述甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻栽后植株氮素养分积累动态变化, 基于模型分析方法从氮素营养层面阐明甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻高产形成机制。2015—2016年, 以甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻甬优2640和甬优1640、常规粳稻扬粳4038和扬粳4227、杂交籼稻新两优6380和扬两优6号为试材, 比较研究其栽后植株氮素积累特征差异。籼粳杂交稻两年平均产量达11.65 t hm -2, 显著高于常规粳稻(10.74 t hm -2)和杂交籼稻(10.01 t hm -2)。成熟期植株氮素吸收量和百千克籽粒吸氮量亦高于常规粳稻和杂交籼稻。成熟期植株各器官氮素吸收量及其所占比例, 籼粳杂交稻以穗部最多, 叶片其次, 茎鞘最少; 常规粳稻和杂交籼稻则均以穗部最多, 茎鞘其次, 叶片最少。与常规粳稻和杂交籼稻相比, 籼粳杂交稻成熟期叶片氮素吸收量占植株总吸氮量的比例较高, 穗部氮素吸收量所占比例则较低。不同类型品种栽后植株氮素积累动态均以Gompertz方程拟合效果较好, 拟合系数一般在0.995左右。与常规粳稻和杂交籼稻相比, 甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻在各阶段氮素积累量均具优势, 在快增期是由于其较高的持续天数和氮素积累速率, 渐增期和缓增期是由于其较高的氮素积累速率。本文提出了符合不同类型水稻栽后植株群体氮素积累动态变化特征的Gompertz模型, 并采用该模型分析了甬优中熟籼粳杂交稻栽后植株氮素积累优势。

关键词: 甬优籼粳杂交稻, 中熟系列, 氮素积累, Gompertz方程

Abstract:

In order to quantitatively describe the dynamics of nitrogen accumulation after transplanting of medium-maturity types of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrids (MJIH), and to elucidate the mechanism of high yield based on modelling methods, MJIH Yongyou 2640 and Yongyou 1640, japonica conventional rice (JC) Yangjing 4038 and Yangjing 4227, and indica hybrid rice (IH) Xinliangyou 6380 and Yangliangyou 6 were used to compare the differences in nitrogen uptake characteristics after transplanting in 2015 and 2016. Grain yield of MJIH averaged 11.65 t hm -2 across two years, significantly higher than JC (10.74 t hm -2) and IH (10.01 t hm -2). Similar trends were also observed in nitrogen accumulation amount at maturity and nitrogen accumulation per 100 kg grain. For MJIH, the nitrogen accumulation and its ratio to total nitrogen accumulation at maturity was the highest in panicle, the medium in leaf, and lower in stem. For JC and IH, the nitrogen accumulation and its ratio to total nitrogen accumulation at maturity was the highest in panicle, the medium in stem, and lower in leaf. Compared with JC and IH, MJIH had higher ratio of leaf nitrogen accumulation, while lower ratio of panicle nitrogen accumulation to total nitrogen accumulation at maturity. There was a good fitness between Gompertz equation and dynamics of nitrogen accumulation of rice varieties in our study. Compared with JC and IH, MJIH had higher nitrogen accumulation amount in the early, middle and late nitrogen accumulation stages, which was due to long time of accumulation and higher accumulation rate in the middle stage, and higher nitrogen accumulation rate in the early and late stages. This study applied Gompertz equation to simulate the dynamics in nitrogen accumulation after transplanting of different rice varietal groups, and analyze the superiority of nitrogen accumulation of MJIH based on Gompertz equation.

Key words: Yongyou japonica/indica hybrids, medium-maturity types, nitrogen accumulation, Gompertz equation

表1

各品种主要生育期及生育阶段天数"

品种类型
Variety type		 品种
Variety		 主要生育期
Dates of main growth stages (month/day)		 主要生育阶段天数
Duration of main growth periods (d)
播种期
Sowing
date		 拔节期
Jointing
date		 抽穗期
Heading
date		 成熟期
Maturity
date		 播种-拔节期
Sowing- Jointing		 拔节-抽穗期
Jointing- Heading		 抽穗-成熟期
Heading-
Maturity
2015
中熟籼粳杂交稻MJIH 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 5/23 7/20 8/21 10/20 58 32 60
甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 5/23 7/20 8/22 10/21 58 33 60
常规粳稻JC 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 5/23 7/26 8/25 10/18 64 30 54
扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 5/23 7/26 8/25 10/19 64 30 55
杂交籼稻IH 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 5/23 7/30 8/27 10/17 68 28 51
新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 5/23 7/30 8/26 10/17 68 27 52
2016
中熟籼粳杂交稻MJIH 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 5/23 7/19 8/21 10/20 57 33 60
甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 5/23 7/20 8/21 10/20 58 32 60
常规粳稻JC 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 5/23 7/27 8/26 10/19 65 30 54
扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 5/23 7/27 8/25 10/18 65 29 54
杂交籼稻IH 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 5/23 7/30 8/26 10/17 68 27 52
新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 5/23 7/30 8/27 10/17 68 28 51

表2

各品种产量、成熟期氮素吸收量及氮素利用率"

品种类型
Variety type		 品种
Variety		 产量
Grain yield
(t hm-2)		 总吸氮量
Total nitrogen
accumulation
(kg hm-2)		 氮素籽粒生产率
NUEg
(kg grain kg-1)		 百千克籽粒吸氮量
100 kg nitrogen
accumulation
(kg grain kg-1)
2015
中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 11.56 250.7 46.3 2.16
MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 11.64 251.7 46.1 2.17
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 10.68 210.7 50.8 1.97
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 10.74 213.5 50.6 1.98
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 10.08 202.5 49.9 2.00
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 9.95 199.1 49.7 2.01
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 11.60 a 251.2 a 46.2 b 2.17 a
JC平均 JC mean 10.72 b 212.1 b 50.7 a 1.97 b
IH平均 IH mean 10.02 c 200.8 c 49.8 ab 2.01 ab
2016
中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 11.65 256.5 45.7 2.19
MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 11.73 248.5 47.2 2.12
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 10.62 215.3 49.2 2.03
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 10.87 216.1 50.5 1.98
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 10.13 202.9 49.8 2.01
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 9.88 200.6 49.3 2.03
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 11.69 a 252.5 a 46.5 a 2.16 a
JC平均 JC mean 10.75 b 215.7 b 49.9 a 2.00 a
IH平均 IH mean 10.00 c 201.8 c 49.6 a 2.02 a

表3

不同类型品种成熟期各器官氮素吸收量 "

品种类型
Variety type		 品种
Variety		 总吸氮量
Total nitrogen
accumulation
(kg hm-2)		 吸氮量
Nitrogen accumulation (kg hm-2)		 吸氮量所占比例
Nitrogen allocation rate (%)
叶片
Leaf		 茎鞘
Stem		 穗部
Panicle		 叶片
Leaf		 茎鞘
Stem		 穗部
Panicle
2015
中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 250.7 53.6 32.8 164.2 21.4 13.1 65.5
MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 251.7 55.6 34.2 161.8 22.1 13.6 64.3
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 210.7 36.0 35.2 139.5 17.1 16.7 66.2
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 213.5 33.3 36.9 143.3 15.6 17.3 67.1
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 202.5 11.9 26.5 164.0 5.9 13.1 81.0
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 199.1 12.3 24.1 162.7 6.2 12.1 81.7
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 251.2 a 54.6 a 33.5 ab 163.0 a 21.8 a 13.4 b 64.9 c
JC平均 JC mean 212.1 b 34.7 b 36.1 a 141.4 b 16.4 b 17.0 a 66.7 b
IH平均 IH mean 200.8 c 12.1 c 25.3 b 163.3 a 6.1 c 12.6 b 81.4 a
2016
中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 256.5 59.8 32.6 164.1 23.3 12.7 64.0
MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 248.5 51.5 32.8 164.1 20.7 13.2 66.1
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 215.3 35.3 39.0 140.9 16.4 18.1 65.5
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 216.1 36.1 34.8 145.3 16.7 16.1 67.2
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 202.9 12.3 25.7 164.9 6.1 12.7 81.2
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 200.6 10.9 26.5 163.2 5.4 13.2 81.4
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 252.5 a 55.7 a 32.7 ab 164.1 a 22.0 a 13.0 b 65.0 c
JC平均 JC mean 215.7 b 35.7 b 36.9 a 143.1 b 16.6 b 17.1 a 66.3 b
IH平均 IH mean 201.8 c 11.6 c 26.1 b 164.0 a 5.7 c 13.0 b 81.3 a

图1

水稻生长期间各类品种氮素积累动态(2016)"

表4

甬优2640栽后群体氮素积累动态模型(2016) "

编号
Number		 模拟模型
Simulation model		 参数 Parameter 相关系数
Correlation coefficient
a b c d
1 y=$ae^{-e^{b}-cx}$ 256.26 2.10 0.0492 0.997
2 y=$\frac{ab+cx^{d}} {b+x^{d}}$ -4.10 14667.11 272.05 3.02 0.997
3 y=$\frac{a}{(1+e^{b-cx})^{\frac{1}{d}}}$ 255.69 -0.0963 0.0504 0.0436 0.997
4 y=$\frac{a}{1+be^{-cx}}$ 248.28 45.87 0.0758 0.994
5 y=$ae \frac{-(x-b)^{2}}{2c^{2}}$ 262.51 108.99 45.02 0.982
6 y=a+bx+cx2 -38.07 4.00 -0.0127 0.980

表5

各品种全生育期氮素积累的拟合方程(2016) "

品种类型
Variety type		 品种
Variety		 方程参数 Parameter 拟合方程
Simulated equation
a b c
中熟籼粳杂交稻
MJIH		 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 256.26 2.10 0.0492 W = 256.26 $e^{-exp(2.10-0.0492t)}$, R2 = 0.995
甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 255.83 2.03 0.0479 W = 255.83 $e^{-exp(2.03-0.0479t)}$, R2 = 0.994
常规粳稻
JC		 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 219.20 2.14 0.0486 W = 219.20 $e^{-exp(2.14-0.0486t)}$, R2 = 0.996
扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 219.21 2.35 0.0545 W = 219.21 $e^{-exp(2.35-0.0545t)}$, R2 = 0.994
杂交籼稻
IH		 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 203.21 2.18 0.0530 W = 203.21 $e^{-exp(2.18-0.0530t)}$, R2 = 0.998
新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 202.97 2.04 0.0487 W = 202.97 $e^{-exp(2.04-0.0487t)}$, R2 = 0.994

图2

各类品种氮素积累模拟值与实测值的关系 **表示在1%水平差异显著。"

表6

各品种栽后植株氮素积累参数(2016) "

品种类型
Variety type		 品种
Variety		 最大氮素积累速率
Maximum nitrogen
accumulation rate (kg hm-2 d-1)		 最大氮素积累速率出现时间
Time to maximum
nitrogen accumulation rate (d)
中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 4.6 42.7
MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 4.5 42.4
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 3.9 44.0
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 4.4 43.1
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 4.0 41.1
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 3.6 41.9
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 4.6 a 42.5 a
JC平均 JC mean 4.2 b 43.6 a
IH平均 IH mean 3.8 c 41.5 a

表7

各品种栽后氮素积累渐增、快增、缓增3个阶段的特征(2016) "

阶段
Stage		 品种类型
Variety type		 品种
Variety		 天数
Days
(d)		 平均积累速率
ARNA
(kg hm-2 d-1)		 氮素积累量
NAA
(kg hm-2)
渐增期 中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 23.1 0.8028 18.6
Early stage MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 22.3 0.8313 18.5
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 24.3 0.6487 15.7
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 25.5 0.6174 15.7
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 23.0 0.6391 14.7
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 22.1 0.6626 14.7
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 22.7 b 0.8171 a 18.6 a
JC平均 JC mean 24.9 a 0.6331 b 15.7 b
IH平均 IH mean 22.6 b 0.6508 b 14.7 c
快增期 中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 39.1 3.9940 156.1
Middle stage MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 40.1 3.8819 155.8
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 39.6 3.3747 133.5
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 35.3 3.7846 133.5
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 36.3 3.4118 123.8
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 39.5 3.1313 123.6
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 39.6 a 3.9380 a 156.0 a
JC平均 JC mean 37.4 b 3.5797 b 133.5 b
IH平均 IH mean 37.9 b 3.2715 b 123.7 c
缓增期 中熟籼粳杂交稻 甬优2640 Yongyou 2640 67.8 1.4808 100.4
Late stage MJIH 甬优1640 Yongyou 1640 67.5 1.3712 92.6
常规粳稻 扬粳4038 Yangjing 4038 66.2 1.2351 81.7
JC 扬粳4227 Yangjing 4227 69.2 1.1933 82.6
杂交籼稻 扬两优6号 Yangliangyou 6 70.7 1.1189 79.1
IH 新两优6380 Xinliangyou 6380 68.4 1.1261 77.0
MJIH平均 MJIH mean 67.7 a 1.4260 a 96.5 a
JC平均 JC mean 67.7 a 1.2142 b 82.2 b
IH平均 IH mean 69.5 a 1.1225 b 78.1 b
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