关键词: 小麦, K型不育系, 育性恢复, 易恢性, 稳定性

Abstract:

Male sterility of Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm is considered better than that of T. tomopheevi, but there are some problems restricting its application in field production, such as inductive haploid and fertility restoration. K-type hybrids with two sterile lines (A) and certain restoring lines (R) were used to study the easy restoration of fertility (ERF) in two A-lines, stability of fertility restoration in different years, and effects of sowing time and rate on restoring degree. The results showed that there was obvious difference in ERF of A-lines and that the sterile line Yumai 3 was easier to be restored than S43 (Fig.1 and Fig.2). Genetic analysis of three-way cross combination indicated that ERF were controlled by two main genes and some other quantitative genes (Fig.3 and Table 1). The mechanism of ERF for A-lines and of restoring ability for R-lines were the same. The restoring degree of most K-type hybrids differed greatly in different years, but the hybrids with higher restoring degree had good fertility restoring stability(Fig.4 and Fig.5), so it was the most effective to identify restoring ability of R-lines under abnormal climates. Sowing time had a great effect and sowing norm had a small effect on restoring degree of K-type hybrid (Table 2). Abnormal high temperature during the period from ear emergence to anthesis were the main environmental reason affecting stability of restoring degree.

Key words: Wheat, Male sterile line with Ae. kotschyi cytoplasm, Fertility restoration, Ease of restoration, Stability