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作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (12): 3204-3214.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24268
崔芳芳1, 孟林峰1, 刘苗苗2, 张建强2, 王建革2,*(
), 刘齐元1,*()
CUI Fang-Fang1, MENG Lin-Feng1, LIU Miao-Miao2, ZHANG Jian-Qiang2, WANG Jian-Ge2,*(), LIU Qi-Yuan1,*()
摘要：
细胞质雄性不育是杂种生产的重要工具, 也是研究细胞核与细胞质互作的良好系统, 但其机制仍不清楚。本研究以细胞质雄性不育系K326为材料, 研究了烟草细胞质不育系雄蕊异常与花发育基因表达的关系。细胞质雄性不育系K326源于普通烟草天然不育株, 用烤烟品种K326连续回交培育而成, 不仅具有心皮化雄蕊现象, 同时也有花瓣化雄蕊现象, 异常雄蕊基部融合为一体。本研究首先用生信手段对控制普通烟草花发育的MADS-box基因和边界基因SUPERMAN进行了全基因组鉴定, 分析了它们染色体定位和共线性, 预测了B类基因和SUPEMAN基因的顺式作用元件, 并研究了它们在不育系和保持系不同时期花蕾中的表达特征。结果表明, 烟草共鉴定出160个MADS-box基因和5个SUPERMAN基因。这些MADS-box基因中有7个B类基因(4个PI基因, 3个AP3基因), 79个MADS-box基因定位于22条染色体上, 3个SUPERMAN基因定位于3条染色体上。共线性分析表明, 串联和片段DNA重复、倍加作用是MADS-box基因家族扩张的驱动力。观察发现, 细胞质雄性不育系K326异常雄蕊在小蕾期就已出现, 暗示细胞质雄性不育K326中雄蕊异常是早期分生组织发育缺陷的结果。qPCR检测表明, 细胞质雄性不育系及保持系中可以检测到7个B类基因和1个SUPERMAN基因表达。PI基因表达水平NitMADS115在保持系各个时期均高于不育系; AP3基因NitMADS72、NitMADS100表达水平在保持系各个时期均低于不育系; 其他基因呈现小蕾期和大蕾期下调, 中蕾期上调。SUPERMAN基因只在保持系小蕾和中蕾期可以检测到, 而不育系各个时期中均无法检测到; 顺式作用元件分析表明, NitMADS115具有生长素响应元件AuxRR。因此, 生长素可能在烟草细胞质逆行调控细胞核起重要作用。
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