作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 1690-1698.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.22027
摘要:
颖花开放由浆片膨大所启动, 对水稻授粉受精具有直接影响。生长素是调节花药开裂、花粉育性和种子起始等生殖发育过程的重要激素。为阐明生长素在水稻颖花开放中的调控作用, 本研究以粳稻品种中花11为试验材料, 调查了外源生长素及其抑制剂对颖花开放的影响, 以及内源生长素水平和生长素信号通路基因表达的动态变化。结果表明, IAA (10~20 mmol L-1)、NAA (0.05~0.50 mmol L-1)浸穗处理将推迟水稻颖花开放, 其中高浓度(0.5 mmol L-1) NAA能使颖花开放推迟3 d, 并表现出颖花张开时间延长和结实率下降的现象。IAA极性运输抑制剂TIBA及其作用抑制剂PCIB也抑制颖花开放。NAA预处理后, 增施茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)能有效恢复颖花开放。水稻颖花中IAA含量在自然开放前2 h迅速下降, 比开颖前1 d、2 d分别降低了65.85%、74.27%。与IAA水平变化相对应, 颖花开放时浆片IAA生物合成基因(OsTAR2、OsYUCCA3/4/8)表达下调, 而催化IAA结合失活的酶基因(OsGH3.2、OsGH3.8)、IAA输出载体基因(OsPIN1、OsPIN1a)以及IAA极性运输正向调节因子BG1基因均显著上调表达。此外, 我们也鉴定到13个差异表达的IAA早期响应基因(OsAUX/IAAs、OsARF15、OsSAURs), 其中10个上调表达, 3个下调表达。综上表明, 水稻颖花开放受内源生长素调控, 但提高浆片生长素水平则抑制其开放。
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