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作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 1111-1121.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.22001

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

多样性混合间栽对水稻根际细菌群落结构与功能的影响

唐文强1,**(), 张文龙1,**, 朱晓乔1, 董必正1, 李勇成2, 杨楠1, 张耀2, 王云月1,*(), 韩光煜1,*()   

  1. 1云南农业大学农业生物多样性与病虫害控制教育部重点实验室/云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 云南昆明 650201
    2红河州农业科学院, 云南蒙自 661100
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-02 接受日期:2022-09-05 出版日期:2023-04-12 网络出版日期:2022-09-22
  • 通讯作者: *韩光煜, E-mail: hanguangyu9745@163.com;王云月, E-mail: 1371209436@qq.com
  • 作者简介:唐文强, E-mail: 1092297272@qq.com
    **同等贡献
  • 基金资助:
    云南省基础研究计划项目(202201AT070265);国家自然科学基金项目(31800451);云南省“高层次人才培养支持计划”青年拔尖人才专项(YNWRQNBJ2020296)

Effects of diverse mixture intercropping on the structure and function of bacterial communities in rice rhizosphere

TANG Wen-Qiang1,**(), ZHANG Wen-Long1,**, ZHU Xiao-Qiao1, DONG Bi-Zheng1, LI Yong-Cheng2, YANG Nan1, ZHANG Yao2, WANG Yun-Yue1,*(), HAN Guang-Yu1,*()   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Agricultural Biodiversity and Pest Management, Yunnan Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory for Bio-resource Protection and Utilization in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
    2Honghe Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mengzi 661100, Yunnan, China
  • Received:2022-01-02 Accepted:2022-09-05 Published:2023-04-12 Published online:2022-09-22
  • Contact: *E-mail: hanguangyu9745@163.com;E-mail: 1371209436@qq.com
  • About author:**Contributed equally to this work
  • Supported by:
    Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202201AT070265);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31800451);“High-level Talent Training Support Program” Specialized Project for Young Top Talents in Yunnan(YNWRQNBJ2020296)

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摘要：

为了明确水稻多样性混合间栽对稻瘟病防治及根际细菌群落结构和功能的影响, 利用Illumina Hiseq测序技术, 对筛选的高防治效果(E=54.48%)组合(汕优63||黄壳糯)和低防治效果(E=14.12%)组合(合系39||黄壳糯)分别在间栽和净栽下进行水稻根际土壤细菌16S rRNA测序分析。结果表明, 多样性间栽系统中水稻根际共检测到土壤细菌37门116纲244目384科689属, 绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)为主要细菌优势类群, 相对丰度均在15%以上。Alpha多样性分析显示, 高防效组合在间栽条件下可显著提高水稻根际细菌群落香农指数和Chao1指数(P<0.05), 而低防效组合无差异(P>0.05)。ANOSIM及PCoA分析发现, 净栽条件下各品种根际细菌群落结构差异显著(r = 0.48, P<0.01), 间栽后高防效组合和低防效组合根际细菌群落结构无显著差异(P>0.05), 即间栽增加了组配品种间细菌群落结构的相似性。细菌优势类群组成结果表明, 与净栽相比高防效组合中汕优63根际中酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)相对丰度显著降低, 放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)显著上升, 黄壳糯各优势菌门无显著差异; 低防效组合中合系39根际中Patescilbacteria显著下降, 黄壳糯芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)显著上升。PICRUSt2功能预测表明, 间栽系统中主栽品种次生代谢产物的合成相对丰度显著下降, 间栽品种转录、辅酶和维生素的代谢相对丰度显著上升。综上, 高防效组合通过混合间栽, 能改善水稻根际菌群多样性、细菌群落结构及功能, 从而有效降低稻瘟病病害发生, 为利用改良土壤微生物提高植物抗病性提供应用途径和多样性间栽防治病害理论提供数据支撑。

关键词: 水稻, 多样性混合间栽, 高通量测序, 细菌群落, 细菌多样性, 功能预测

Abstract:

In order to clarify the effects of mixture intercropping on the control of rice blast and the structure and function of the rhizosphere bacterial community, the 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of bacteria in rhizosphere soil of the selected high control efficiency (E=54.48%) (Shanyou 63/Huangkenuo) and low control efficiency (E=14.12%) combinations (Hexi 39/Huangkenuo) under the intercropping and monoculture treatments were performed with Illumina Hiseq sequencing technology. The results showed that soil bacteria, from 37 phyla, 116 classes, 244 orders, 384 families, 689 genera, were obtained in the intercropping system. Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteriota were the dominant bacterial groups. The relative abundance was higher than 15%. Alpha diversity analysis discovered that high-efficacy combination significantly increased the Shannon index and Chao1 index of rice rhizosphere bacterial community in intercropping conditions (P<0.05), whereas there was no difference at P>0.05 in low-efficiency combination. ANOSIM and PCoA analyses revealed that there was significant difference in the structure of the species in the rhizosphere bacterial community in monoculture (r = 0.48, P<0.01), but no significant difference in the rhizosphere bacterial community structure between the high- and low-efficiency combinations following intercropping (P>0.05), which indicating that intercropping increased the similarity of bacterial community structure between both combinations. Comparison to monoculture, the dominant bacterial group composition proved that the relative abundance of Shanyou63 Acidobacteriota decreased significantly, while the relative abundance of Shanyou 63 Actinobacteriota and Firmicutes increased significantly, but there was no significant difference among the dominant bacteria in Huangkenuo. Hexi 39 rhizosphere Patescilbacteria exhibited the significant decrease in low-efficiency combinations, whereas Gemmatimonadota showed the significant increase. PICRUSt2 function prediction discovered that the relative abundance of biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites in the main cultivars decreased significantly in the intercropping system, while the relative abundance of transcription, metabolism of cofactors and vitamins in intercropping cultivars increased significantly. In conclusion, to increase plant disease resistance and to provide data support for the theory of diverse intercropping for disease control, the high-efficacy combination had the ability to improve the diversity of rice rhizosphere bacteria and the structure and function of bacterial community by mixture intercropping, which effectively reduced the occurrence of rice blast and provided an application pathway for the improvement of soil microorganisms.

Key words: rice (Oryza sativa), mixture intercropping, high-throughput sequencing, bacterial community, bacterial diversity, functional prediction

图1

水稻种植模式及取样点示意图 a: 水稻混合间栽示意图; b: 水稻净栽示意图; c: 水稻种植小区示意图。空心圆为主栽品种, 实心圆为间栽品种, 方框为根际土壤取样点; SY63: 汕优63; HX39: 合系39; HKN: 黄壳糯。"

图2

不同间栽组合稻瘟病病情指数 a: 叶瘟病情指数; b: 穗颈瘟病情指数。Mono: 净栽处理; Mix1: 黄壳糯||汕优63; Mix2: 黄壳糯||合系39; “_”后为品种名称; 缩写同图1。*: P < 0.05; ns: 差异不显著。"

表1

各样品优化序列及Alpha多样性指数"

样品
Sample name		 优化序列数
Number of optimized sequences		 香农指数
Shannon index		 Chao1指数
Chao1 index		 覆盖率
Coverage (%)
Mono_SY63 50,410.75±2228.10 6.85±0.05 b 5209.20±57.35 b 0.98±0.00
Mix1_SY63 49,091.00±2289.82 6.79±0.04 ab 5180.00±172.30 ab 0.97±0.00
Mono_HKN 44,599.00±1617.19 6.75±0.11 a 4879.60±242.87 a 0.97±0.00
Mix1_HKN 55,623.25±3698.34 6.90±0.05 b 5465.00±216.12 b 0.98±0.00
Mono_HX39 49,397.00±1588.52 6.85±0.07 ab 5140.80±194.01 ab 0.97±0.00
Mix2_HX39 50,410.75±2228.10 6.94±0.08 ab 5455.20±235.42 ab 0.97±0.00
Mix2_HKN 47,421.25±1516.07 6.75±0.18 ab 5004.60±274.35 ab 0.97±0.00

图3

根际细菌群落结构PCoA及ANOSIM分析 a: 3个品种水稻净栽处理; b: 汕优63与黄壳糯净栽处理; c: 汕优63与黄壳糯间栽处理; d: 合系39与黄壳糯净栽处理; e: 合系39与黄壳糯间栽处理; 缩写同图1。"

图4

优势菌门及其差异 a: 3个品种水稻净栽处理; b: 汕优63间栽处理; c: 与汕优63间栽的黄壳糯; d: 合系39间栽处理; e: 与合系39间栽的黄壳糯; 缩写同图1。*: P < 0.05。"

图5

优势菌目及其变化 a: 3个品种水稻净栽处理; b: 汕优63间栽处理; c: 与汕优63间栽的黄壳糯; d: 合系39间栽处理; e: 与合系39间栽的黄壳糯; 缩写同图1。*: P < 0.05。"

图6

KEEG预测功能基因在不同处理水稻根际细菌群落之间的差异 a: 汕优63; b: 与汕优63间栽的黄壳糯; c: 合系39; d: 与合系39间栽的黄壳糯; BOSM: 其他次生代谢产物的生物合成; EM : 能量代谢; MCV : 辅酶和维生素的代谢; LM : 脂质代谢; XBM : 生物降解和代谢; FSD : 折叠, 分类和降解; MTP : 萜类和多同类代谢; T : 转录; CAM : 碳水化合物代谢; CEM : 细胞活性; NM : 核苷酸代谢; *: P < 0.05。"

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