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作物学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 932-942.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.41042

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

彩色青稞和彩色小麦籽粒的代谢组学比较分析

程红娜1,2(), 秦丹丹2(), 许甫超2, 徐晴2, 彭严春2, 孙龙清2, 徐乐1, 郭英2, 杨新泉3, 徐得泽2,*(), 董静2,*()   

  1. 1长江大学农学院, 湖北荆州 434023
    2农业农村部作物分子育种重点实验室 / 粮食作物遗传改良与种质创新湖北重点实验室 / 湖北洪山实验室 / 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所, 湖北武汉 430064
    3崖州湾种子实验室, 海南三亚 572024
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-13 接受日期:2024-12-12 出版日期:2025-04-12 网络出版日期:2024-12-23
  • 通讯作者: 徐得泽, E-mail: dezexu@163.com; 董静, E-mail: dongjingsir061@163.com
  • 作者简介:程红娜, E-mail: 2924394740@qq.com;
    秦丹丹, E-mail: hnqdd@163.com第一联系人：

    **同等贡献

  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-05);优质青贮大麦新品种选育及冬闲田应用关键技术研发(2023BBB100);功能作物新种质创制及其食品研发和功效评价(2022ZZCX006)

Comparative analysis of metabolomics of colored hulless barley and colored wheat grains

CHENG Hong-Na1,2(), QIN Dan-Dan2(), XU Fu-Chao2, XU Qing2, PENG Yan-Chun2, SUN Long-Qing2, XU Le1, GUO Ying2, YANG Xin-Quan3, XU De-Ze2,*(), DONG Jing2,*()   

  1. 1College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, China
    2Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation of Food Crops / Hubei Hongshan Laboratory / Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, Hubei, China
    3Seed Laboratory of Yazhou Bay, Sanya 572024, Hainan, China
  • Received:2024-06-13 Accepted:2024-12-12 Published:2025-04-12 Published online:2024-12-23
  • Contact: E-mail: dezexu@163.com; E-mail: dongjingsir061@163.com
  • About author:First author contact:

    **Contributed equally to this work

  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-05);Research and Development of the Key Technology for Breeding and Application of Elite Silage Barley Varieties in Winter Fallow Field(2023BBB100);Creation, Application and Evaluation of New Germplasms of Functional Crops(2022ZZCX006)

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摘要：

彩色青稞和彩色小麦是一类特殊的、珍贵的种质资源, 不同颜色籽粒中的营养物质成分和含量均不同。本研究基于LC-MS对2个彩色青稞品种鄂黑稞720135 (EH720135)、广州蓝稞(GZL)和2个彩色小麦品种中科紫麦(ZKZM)、农大4218紫(ND4218)授粉后不同天数的籽粒代谢组进行了分析和比较。 结果表明:在4个材料不同发育时期的籽粒中, 共检测到936种代谢物, 包含379种已知物质和557种未知物。聚类分析表明, 不同发育时期的籽粒中代谢物存在明显差异, 各种代谢物的动态积累模式也不尽相同。对4个材料成熟籽粒中代谢物进行比较分析, 在彩色青稞和彩色小麦之间共鉴定出687种差异代谢物, 其中, 206种在2个彩色青稞和2个彩色小麦之间均存在显著差异。此外, 还鉴定到308种和277种代谢物分别在2个彩色小麦之间和2个彩色青稞之间存在显著差异。进一步分析表明, 成熟青稞籽粒中的儿茶素、麦黄酮衍生物、金圣草黄素等黄酮类相关代谢物含量显著高于彩色小麦, 它们可能为青稞特异的功能性成分。本研究有助于全面了解彩色青稞和彩色小麦籽粒代谢物的差异, 并为彩色青稞和彩色小麦功能性食品研发提供理论依据。

关键词: LC-MS, 彩色青稞, 彩色小麦, 代谢组

Abstract:

Colored hulless barley and wheat are valuable and unique germplasm resources, with nutrient composition and content varying among grains of different colors. In this study, metabolomic analysis based on LC-MS was applied to grains from two colored hulless barley varieties and two wheat varieties at different days after pollination, including Ehei 720135 (EH720135), Guangzhou Blue Barley (GZL), Zhongke Zimai (ZKZM), and Nongda 4218 Zi (ND4218). A total of 936 metabolites were detected across the 23 samples, comprising 379 known substances and 557 unknowns. Cluster analysis and PCA revealed significant differences in the metabolite profiles of grains at different developmental stages. Most metabolites exhibited dynamic changes throughout grain development. In total, 687 metabolites showed differential abundances between the mature seeds of the four varieties, of which 206 were significantly different between the two hulless barley varieties and the two wheat varieties. Furthermore, 308 differential metabolites were identified between the two-colored wheat varieties, and 277 between the two colored hulless barley varieties. Further analysis revealed that metabolites related to flavonoids, such as catechins, flavonoid derivatives, and chrysoeriol, were significantly more abundant in mature hulless barley grains compared to colored wheat grains, suggesting that these may be specific functional components of hulless barley. This study not only enhances our understanding of the metabolic differences between hulless barley and wheat, but also provides a theoretical foundation for the development of functional foods using colored hulless barley and colored wheat.

Key words: LC-MS, colored hulless barley, colored wheat, metabolome

表1

EH720135, GZL, ZKZM和ND4218样品表"

授粉后天数
DAP		 EH720135 GZL ND4218 ZKZM
7 √ √ √ √
14 √ √ √ √
21 √ √ √ √
28 √ √ √ √
33 / / / M
35 √ √ M /
40 / M / /
42 √ / / /
47 M / / /

图1

授粉不同天数籽粒颜色变化 缩写同表1。a: 农大4218紫; b: 中科紫麦; c: 鄂黑稞720135; d: 广州蓝稞。"

图2

不同样品间相关性分析 缩写同表1。I、II、III代表同一样品的3个重复。"

图3

代谢物主成分分析 缩写同表1。"

图4

代谢物聚类分析 缩写同表1。"

图5

不同发育时期差异代谢物韦恩图 图a、b、c、d、e分别为授粉7 d、14 d、21 d、28 d和成熟后彩色青稞和彩色小麦的籽粒间差异代谢物。缩写同表1。"

图6

彩色青稞和彩色小麦成熟籽粒差异代谢物功能分类"

表2

相同物种不同品种成熟籽粒差异代谢物功能分类"

代谢物
Metabolite		 EH720135/GZL ND4218/ZKZM
上调Up 下调Down 上调Up 下调Down
氨基酸衍生物Amino acid derivative 4 6 1 20
黄酮类Flavonoid 11 36 10 24
脂质Lipid 10 3 1 7
核酸衍生物Nucleic acid derivative 16 4 6 9
有机酸Organic acid 0 1 0 2
酚胺类Phenolamide 1 8 1 17
植物激素衍生物Phytohormone derivative 1 6 0 6
总酚Ployphenol 1 2 1 7
糖类Sugar 1 0 0 0
维生素Vitamin 3 2 0 0
其他Other 6 7 5 11
未知代谢物Unknown 71 77 48 132
共计Total 125 152 73 235

图7

彩色青稞和小麦籽粒中有差异的黄酮类物质聚类分析"

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