作物学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 1866-1874.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01866
张亚洁,陈莹莹,闫国军,杜斌,周彧然,杨建昌*
ZHANG Ya-Jie,CHEN Ying-Ying,YAN Guo-Jun,DU Bin,ZHOU Yu-Ran,YANG Jian-Chang*
摘要:
以粳型陆稻中旱3号和粳型水稻扬粳9538为材料,设置裸地旱种和水种两种方式及低氮(100 kg hm-2)、常氮(200 kg hm-2)和高氮(300 kg hm-2) 3种氮素水平,比较了陆稻和水稻米质的差异。结果表明,旱种高氮处理下陆稻和水稻的产量以及水种高氮处理下水稻的产量较常氮有所下降,但水种高氮处理下陆稻的产量较常氮增加;增加施氮量使陆稻的垩白粒率和垩白度均先增加后下降,两品种稻米的直链淀粉含量下降,蛋白质含量增加,而水稻在旱种方式下垩白粒率和垩白度下降,在水种方式下增加。陆稻以常氮处理及水稻以低氮处理的崩解值最高,消减值最小。旱种使陆稻外观和营养品质有所改善;陆稻和水稻旱种的其他品质指标与水种无显著差异。与水稻相比,陆稻的营养品质较优,外观和蒸煮品质稍差,其蒸煮和营养品质指标与叶片含氮率的相关程度较低。表明陆稻和水稻的米质对种植方式和氮素的响应有明显差异。对陆稻和水稻的高产优质栽培途径进行了讨论。
| [1] Benbi D K. Efficiency of nitrogen use by dry-land wheat in a sub-humid region in relation to optimizing the amount of available water. J Agric Sci, 1989, 115: 7-10[2] Jin K(金轲), Wang D-S(汪德水), Cai D-X(蔡典雄), Zhou Y(周涌), Guo S-C(郭世昌), Huang F(黄峰), Wang C-L(王翠玲). Differences of root morphology and physiological characteristics between two rape genotypes with different P-efficiency. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 1999, 5(1): 1-7 (in Chinese with English abstract)[3] Jin Z-X(金正勋), Qiu T-Q(秋太权), Sun Y-L(孙艳丽), Zhao J-M(赵久明), Jin X-Y(金学泳). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on chalkiness ratio and cooking and eating quality properties of rice grain. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2001, 7(1): 31-35(in Chinese with English abstract)[4] Xu C-M(徐春梅), Wang D-Y(王丹英), Shao G-S(邵国胜), Zhang X-F(章秀福). Effects of transplanting density and nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield formation and grain quality of super high yielding rice Zhongzao 22. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2008, 22(5): 507-512 (in Chinese with English abstract)[5] Huang Y-C(黄元财), Wang B-L(王伯伦), Wang S(王术), Jia B-Y(贾宝艳). Effect of amount of N-applied on grain yield and quality of rice. J Shenyang Agric Univ (沈阳农业大学学报), 2006, 37(5): 688-692 (in Chinese with English abstract)[6] Zhan X-C(占新春), Zhou G-X(周桂香), Wu S(吴爽), Zhang P-J(张培江), Xu J-P(徐继萍). Effects of amount of nitrogen applied and planting density on grain quality of Fengliangyou 1. Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻), 2006, 21(6): 66-68 (in Chinese with English abstract)[7] Liu J-L(柳金来), Song J-J(宋继娟), Zhou B-M(周柏明), Cui M-Y(崔明元), Liu R-Q(刘荣清), Li C-M(李长梅). Relation of applying N quantity and rice quality. Soil Fert (土壤肥料), 2005, (1): 17-19 (in Chinese with English abstract)[8] Xu R-L(许仁良), Dai Q-G(戴其根), Huo Z-Y(霍中洋), Wang X-Q(王秀芹). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer quantity on different rice variety quality. J Yangzhou Univ (Agric & Life Sci Edn)(扬州大学学报·农业生命科学版), 2005, 26(1): 66-68, 84 (in Chinese with English abstract)[9] Zhang H-C(张洪程), Wang X-Q(王秀芹), Dai Q-G(戴其根), Huo Z-Y(霍中洋), Xu K(许轲). Effects of N-application rate on nitrogen uptake of hybrid yield, quality and characters of rice variety Liangyoupeijiu. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2003, 36(7): 800-806 (in Chinese with English abstract) [10] Jin J(金军), Xu D-Y(徐大勇), Cai Y-X(蔡一霞), Hu S-Y(胡署云), Ge M(葛敏), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森). Effect of N-fertilizer on main quality characters of rice and RVA profile parameters. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2004, 30(2): 154-158 (in Chinese with English abstract)[11] Jiang L-G(江立庚), Cao W-X(曹卫星), Gan X-Q(甘秀芹), Wei S-Q(韦善清), Xu J-Y(徐建云), Dong D-F(董登峰), Chen N-P(陈念平), Lu F-Y(陆福勇), Qin H-D(秦华东). Nitrogen uptake and utilization under different nitrogen management and influence on grain yield and quality in rice. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2004, 37(4): 490-496 (in Chinese with English abstract)[12] Wopereis-Pura M M, Watanabe H, Moreira J, Wopereis M C. Effect of late nitrogen application on rice yield, grain quality and profitability in the Senegal River valley. Eur J Agron, 2002, 17: 191-198[13] Aulakh M S, Malhi S S. Interactions of nitrogen with other nutrients and water: Effect on crop yield and quality, nutrient use efficiency, carbon sequestration, and environmental pollution. Adv Agron, 2005, 86: 341-409 [14] Sun Y-L(孙艳丽), Shen P(沈鹏), Jin Z-X(金正勋), Jin X-Y(金学泳), Ma H(马红). Effect of nitrogen on the protein fractions content and cooking and eating quality of rice grain. J North Agric Univ (东北农业大学学报), 2002, 33(2): 134-138 (in Chinese with English abstract)[15] Ye Q-B(叶全宝), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Li H(李华), Huo Z-Y(霍中洋), Wei H-Y(魏海燕), Xia K(夏科), Dai Q-G(戴其根), Xu K(许轲). Effects of amount of nitrogen applied and planting density on RVA profile characteristic of japonica rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2005, 31(1): 124-130 (in Chinese with English abstract)[16] Chen X-H(陈新红), Liu K(刘凯), Xu G-W(徐国伟), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Effect of nitrogen and soil moisture on nutrient absorption and quality of rice. J Northwest Sci-Tech Univ Agric (Nat Sci Edn)(西北农林科技大学学报·自然科学版), 2004, 32(3): 15-19 (in Chinese with English abstract)[17] You X-T(尤小涛), Jing Q(荆奇), Jiang D(姜东), Dai T-B(戴廷波), Zhou D-Q(周冬琴), Cao W-X(曹卫星). Effects of nitrogen application on nitrogen utilization and grain yield and quality in rice under water saving irrigation. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2006, 20(2): 199-204 (in Chinese with English abstract)[18] Cheng J-F(程建峰), Pan X-Y(潘晓云), Liu Y-B(刘宜柏). Effect of different Irrigation and fertilization conditions on rice quality of hybrid early rice. Acta Agric Jiangxi (江西农业学报), 2001, 13(1): 15-19 (in Chinese with English abstract) [19] Peng X-L(彭显龙), Yu C-L(于彩莲). Effects of nitrogen and irrigation on rice in cold area of northeastern China. J Northeast Agric Univ (东北农业大学学报), 2008, 39(2): 261-264 (in Chinese with English abstract)[20] Cheong J I. Effects of slow-release fertilizer application on rice grain quality at different culture methods. Korean J Crop Sci, 1996, 41: 286-294 [21] Sharma D K, Sharma D R. Sustainable use of poor quality water with proper scheduling of irrigation and nitrogen levels for a rice crop. Water Sci Tech, 1999, 40: 111-114[22] Grigg B C, Beyrouty C A, Norman R J, Gbur E E, Hanson M G, Wells B R. Rice response to changes in floodwater and N timing in southern USA. Field Crops Res, 2000, 66: 73-79[23] Belder P, Spiertz J H J, Bouman B A M, Lu G, Tuong T P. Nitrogen economy and water productivity of lowland rice under water-saving irrigation. Field Crops Res, 2005, 93: 169-185[24] Zhang Z C, Zhang S F, Yang J C, Zhang J H. Yield, grain quality and water use efficiency of rice under non-flooded mulching cultivation. Field Crops Res, 2008, 108: 71-81[25] Kozak M, Singh P K, Verma M R, Hore D K. Causal mechanism for determination of grain yield and milling quality of lowland rice. Field Crops Res, 2007, 102: 178-184[26] Cheng W D, Zhang G P, Zhao G P, Yao H G, Xu H M. Variation in rice quality of different cultivars and grain positions as affected by water management. Field Crops Res,2003, 80: 245-252[27] Bouman B A M, Peng S, Castaneda A R, Visperas R M. Yield and water use of irrigated tropical aerobic rice systems. Agric Water Manage, 2005, 74: 87-105[28] Guo Y-M(郭咏梅), Mu P(穆平), Liu J-F(刘家富), Lu Y-X(卢义宣), Li Z-C(李自超). Comparative studies on quality characters of rice under water- and dry-cultivation conditions. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2005, 31(11): 1443-1448 (in Chinese with English abstract)[29] Li X-X(李小湘). Effects of environmental conditions on ear- grain components and rice quality of Baxiludao. Crop Res (作物研究), 1999, (2): 18-19 (in Chinese)[30] Zhang Y-J(张亚洁), Zhou Y-R(周彧然), Sun B(孙斌), Diao G-H(刁广华), Lin Q-S(林强森), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Effects of cultivation methods on grain quality in upland rice cv. Zhonghan 3 and paddy rice cv. Wuxiangjing 99-8. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2007, 33(1): 31-37 (in Chinese with English abstract)[31] Yang J-C(杨建昌), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Chen Y-F(陈义芳), Cai Y-X(蔡一霞), Liu L-J(刘立军), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森). Preliminary studies on grain yield and quality of dry-cultivated rice. Jiangsu Agric Res (江苏农业研究), 2000, 21(3): 1-5 (in Chinese with English abstract) [32] Wu D-X(吴殿星), Shu Q-Y(舒庆尧), Xia Y-W(夏英武). Rapid identification of starch viscosity property of early Indica rice varieties with different apparent amylose content by RVA profile. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2001, 15(1): 57-59 (in Chinese with English abstract)[33] Ling Q-H(凌启鸿). Crop Population Quality (作物群体质量). Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers, 2000. pp 154-178 (in Chinese) Zhang Y-J(张亚洁), Zhou Y-R(周彧然), Du B(杜斌), Yang J- C(杨建昌). Effects of nitrogen nutrition on grain yield of upland and paddy rice under different cultivation methods. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(6): 1005-1013 (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [1] | 胡赵, 钱润, 谢丰璞, 应素平. 水稻SPX基因家族鉴定及响应磷处理的表达分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1902-1912. |
| [2] | 邹仪妹, 徐敏, 汪海洋, 姚辉, 王加峰, 刘浩, 任代胜. 两系不育系水稻幼苗根系响应盐胁迫的转录因子调控网络鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1728-1742. |
| [3] | 闫安, 蒋昆炜, 王蓉圆, 田林, 张璐, 王韵, 徐建龙. 水稻剑叶小维管束数基因SVN7的鉴定与克隆[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1364-1372. |
| [4] | 陈伟, 卫万娟, 赵其兵, 常东伟, 余凌波, 翟鹏飞, 冯志明, 陈宗祥, 任仰涛, 杨鹏, 刘海浪, 李珍富, 杨永乐, 金彦刚, 左示敏. 利用CRISPR/Cas9编辑Hd6基因创制优质早熟水稻新种质[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1046-1056. |
| [5] | 石少阶, 刘凯, 陈姿夷, 王卉颖, 李三和, 周雷, 游艾青. 水稻矮化多分蘖基因DMT1的克隆与功能分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(4): 1022-1034. |
| [6] | 覃奕琰, 付瑶, 苏畅, 李娜, 徐静茹, 程笑然, 张琪, 赵明辉. OsST41调控水稻苗期耐盐性的功能分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 802-812. |
| [7] | 杨宗桃, 杨婷, 王禹童, 艾静, 李燕烨, 刘家勇, 邓军, 赵勇, 张跃彬. 甘蔗CLC基因家族鉴定与表达分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 722-734. |
| [8] | 于天一, 王春晓, 肖丽, 钟召迪, 王宣仓, 赵勇, 路亚, 吴月, 吴正锋. 不同结瘤特性花生品种氮素累积、产量及品质特性对氮肥用量的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 881-894. |
| [9] | 叶凡, 李帅, 李思宇, 陈云, 窦超银, 刘立军. 不同节水灌溉方式对东北稻区水稻产量和群体质量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 895-907. |
| [10] | 刘宁, 樊平, 王成, 陈琪琪, 成庆悦, 铁夏娜, 汤菁莎, 刘彬彬, 谢鸿堃, 王嘉悦, 施园青, 马均. 减氮配施有机肥对机插稻产量形成与氮素利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(3): 866-880. |
| [11] | 王婵, 吴莹莹, 李文奇, 李霞, 王芳权, 周彤, 杨杰. 基于HRM技术开发水稻抗条纹叶枯病基因STV11功能标记[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(9): 2547-2556. |
| [12] | 尤根基, 谢昊, 梁毓文, 李龙, 王玉茹, 蒋晨炀, 郭剑, 李广浩, 陆大雷. 氮肥减施措施对江淮春玉米产量和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2152-2163. |
| [13] | 闫喆林, 任强, 樊志龙, 殷文, 孙亚丽, 范虹, 何蔚, 胡发龙, 闫丽娟, 柴强. 氮肥后移优化绿洲灌区小麦间作玉米种间关系提高氮素利用效率[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2190-2203. |
| [14] | 陈惠莹, 何嘉欣, 朱斌, 黄士轩, 周星佑, 伍君权, 杨美艳. 水稻黄单胞菌噬菌体vB_XaS_HDB2的全基因组分析和生物学特性研究[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2087-2099. |
| [15] | 霍建喆, 于爱忠, 王玉珑, 王鹏飞, 尹波, 刘亚龙, 张冬玲, 姜科强, 庞小能, 王凤. 有机肥替代化肥对绿洲灌区甜玉米产量、品质及氮素利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(7): 1887-1900. |
|
||