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作物学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (04): 683-690.doi: 0.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00683

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

花铃期增温对棉花干物重累积的影响及其生理机制

孙啸震，张黎妮，戴艳娇，贺新颖，周治国*，王友华*   

  1. 南京农业大学农学院/农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室, 江苏南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2011-08-23 修回日期:2011-12-19 出版日期:2012-04-12 网络出版日期:2012-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 周治国, E-mail: giscott@njau.edu.cn; 王友华, E-mail: w_youhua@njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由农业部公益性行业科研专项(BK200903003)和江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划项目资助。

Effect of Increased Canopy Temperature on Cotton Plant Dry Matter Accumulation and Its Physiological Mechanism

SUN Xiao-Zhen,ZHANG Li-Ni,DAI Yan-Jiao,HE Xin-Ying,ZHOU Zhi-Guo,WANG You-Hua*   

  1. Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2011-08-23 Revised:2011-12-19 Published:2012-04-12 Published online:2012-02-13
  • Contact: 周治国, E-mail: giscott@njau.edu.cn; 王友华, E-mail: w_youhua@njau.edu.cn

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1090

被引次数

23

摘要： 以遗传背景相近的棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)品种泗棉3号和泗杂3号为材料，于2010年在南京农业大学牌楼试验站(118º50′E, 32º02′N)模拟全球温室化气候，研究花铃期增温对棉花干物质累积的影响及其生理机制。结果显示，增温2~3℃(龄期日均温33.5~35.2℃)的条件下，主茎功能叶SPAD值降低，蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)上升，但净光合速率(Pn)下降；棉铃对位叶可溶性蛋白含量大幅上升(Δ%>50%)、可溶性糖及可溶性氨基酸含量小幅下降(P<0.05)、C/N值显著下降(P<0.05)；叶片POD、CAT活性大幅下降、MDA含量显著上升；泗杂3号相关指标变化幅度较泗棉3号小。说明尽管2~3℃的增温幅度较小，但在花铃期日均温(33.5~35.2℃)的条件下，植株已处于显著的热胁迫状态，光合产物累积能力受到抑制，棉铃对位叶光合产物输出能力显著下降, 棉株总干物质累积量下降20%左右；增温条件下植株水分吸收能力下降并因此受到一定程度的水分胁迫，但此条件下光合能力下降主要由非气孔因子所致，与叶片膜结构的严重受损关系密切；泗杂3号抗高温能力高于泗棉3号。

关键词: 棉花, 花铃期, 增温, 主茎功能叶, 棉铃对位叶

Abstract: Cotton is highly sensitive to temperature. High temperature usually causes the decline of net photosynthetic rate, resulting in cotton yield reduction at the boll stage. The experiment was carried out, using cotton cultivars Simian 3 and Siza 3, with similar genetic background in the half-open-top greenhouse in Pailou experiment station of Nanjing Agricultural University (118º50′E, 32º02′N). The results indicated that under the 2–3°C of increased canopy temperature (average boll period temperature was 33.5–35.2°C), the chlorophyll SPAD readings and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of the functional leaf on the main stems reduced, while the stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr) increased. Soluble protein content increased significantly while soluble sugar content, soluble amino acid content and C/N decreased. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in cotton leaves increased, whereas the activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) of cotton leaves decreased. The variation ranges of related indices for Siza 3 were less than those for Simian 3. The results suggested that in the 2–3°C increased canopy temperature (average boll period temperature was 33.5–35.2°C) condition, the cotton plant suffered from serious temperature stress, then the plant photosynthesis was inhibited, the carbohydrates supplementary capacity was decreased in the leaf subtending the boll, and declination of the dry matter accumulation rate reached 20%. The cotton plant also suffered water deficiency stress in leaf but the reduction of the photosynthesis rate was mainly affected by non-stomatic restrictions, and it might be caused by the damage of cell membrane. The tolerance to the increased temperature is higher in Siza 3 than Simian 3.

Key words: Cotton, Boll period, Increased canopy temperature, Functional leaf, Leaf subtending the boll

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