关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 硫苷组分, 胚遗传效应, 细胞质效应, 母体遗传效应, 遗传率

Abstract: Quality of the meals and the defatted seed samples determined by constituents and proportion of glucosinolate components and heredity of glucosinolate components are of importance to breeding for good quality rapeseed varieties. Embryo, cytoplasmic, maternal effects and genotype by environment interaction effects for quality traits of rapeseed seeds were analyzed using a general genetic model for quantitative traits of seeds with parents, F₁ and F₂ of 28 crosses arranged in a partial incompleted diallel mating design of 11 parents planted in the field in 2004–2005 in Chongqing, China. It was found that the main effects of different genetic systems on glucosinolate components were more important than environment interaction effects. Among all of genetic main effects, the embryo effects were the largest for desulfoprogoitrin and desulfogluconapin, with the percentage of 75.21% and 58.25%, respectively. The cytoplasm effects were the largest for desulfo-4-hydroxyglucobrassicin and desulfogluconasturtin, with the percentage of 74.19% and 69.54%, respectively. While desulfoglucobrassicanapin was mainly dominated by embryo and cytoplasm, and the percentage amounted to 50.29% and 38.12% of total gentic effects. Among all of interaction effects, the cytoplasm interaction effects were the largest for desulfo-4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, while other glucosinolate components were mainly dominated by embryo interaction and cytoplasm interaction effects. The general heritabilities were the main parts of five glucosinolate components, but the interaction was low. Embryo heritabilities were the main components for desulfoprogoitrin and desulfogluconapin contents with the percentage of 71.61% and 53.76%, cytoplasm heritabilities were the main components for desulfo-4-hydroxyglucobrassicin and desulfogluconasturtin contents with the percentage of 68.21% and 68.47%, while embryo and cytoplasm heritabilities were the main components for desulfoglucobrassicanapin with the percentage of 47.81% and 36.24% in the general heritability. It was shown that cytoplasm interaction heritabilities were more important among five glucosinolate components. Based on the parent genetic effects predicated, D3AB and D21R were better than other parents for effectively reducing desulfoprogoitrin, desulfogluconapin and improving the quality of rapeseed.

Key words: Brassica napus L., Glucosinolate component, Embryo effect, Cytoplasmic effect, Maternal effect, Heritability